Psychological Perspectives

Question 1

a person’s capacity for personal growth, freedom to choose their destiny, & positive human qualities

Answer 1

Humanistic Perspectives

Question 2

humans can cope with stress, control their lives, & achieve desires

Answer 2

Abraham Maslow

Question 3

Expanded Hierarchy of Needs

Answer 3

Abraham Maslow

Question 4

“the best of what one can be”

Answer 4

self-actualization

Question 5

helping others self-actualise

Answer 5

transcendence

Question 6

one’s overall perceptions and assessments of their abilities, behavior, & personalities

Answer 6

self-concept

Question 7

Who coined self-concept?

Answer 7

Carl Rogers

Question 8

unconditional positive regard, empathy, genuineness

Answer 8

ways to a more positive self-concept

Question 9

who is behind the ‘I Self, Me Self’ concept?

Answer 9

William James

Question 10

Throughout life, one realizes that achieving goals & aspirations can lead to secure rewards.

Answer 10

self-discrepancy theory

Question 11

Who coined the self-discrepancy theory?

Answer 11

Edward Tory Higgins

Question 12

discrepancies between actual & undesired self strongly associate w/ satisfaction

Answer 12

Daniel M. Ogilvie

Question 13

undesired self is more grounded in reality, the ideal self is unclear

Answer 13

Daniel M. Ogilvie

Question 14

Who coined the Psychosexual Theory of Development?

Answer 14

Sigmund Freud

Question 15

individuals go through a series of stages of personality development, wherein we experience pleasure in one part of the body

Answer 15

Psychosexual Theory of Development

Question 16

5 stages of Psychosexual Theory

Answer 16

Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency, Genital

Question 17

boys develop a desire to replace the father

Answer 17

Oedipus Complex

Question 18

girls wanting to replace the mother

Answer 18

Electra Complex

Question 19

fear of having penis cut off due to boy’s incestuous desires

Answer 19

Castration Anxiety

Question 20

Who coined the Structural Theory?

Answer 20

Sigmund Freud

Question 21

3 structures of the mind

Answer 21

id, ego, superego

Question 22

most primitive structure of the mind, gratification of basic physical needs and urges

Answer 22

id

Question 23

part of our personality, operates based on reason

Answer 23

ego

Question 24

a person’s moral compass or conscience

Answer 24

superego

Question 25

the way a person balances these three when they conflict reflects his personality

Answer 25

id, ego, and superego

Question 26

Who coined the Psychosocial Theory of Development?

Answer 26

Erik Erikson

Question 27

theory where social relations is more important than sexual development

Answer 27

Psychosocial Theory of Development

Question 28

how many stages for Psychosocial Theory?

Answer 28

8 stages

Question 29

What are the 8 stages

Answer 29

Trust vs. Mistrust, Autonomy vs. Shame/Doubt, Initiative vs. Guilt, Industry vs. Inferiority, Identity vs. Confusion, Intimacy vs. Isolation, Generativity vs. Stagnation, Integrity vs. Despair

Question 30

Who coined the Cognitive Theory of Development?

Answer 30

Jean Piaget

Question 31

a child gradually developing different competencies through a series of periods of development

Answer 31

Cognitive Theory of Development

Question 32

what is schema

Answer 32

mental concept

Question 33

how many and what are the stages in the Cognitive Theory of Development?

Answer 33

4, sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational

Question 34

children pass through different stages of moral development, serving as bases for their behavior in adulthood

Answer 34

Theory of Moral Development

Question 35

Who coined the Theory of Moral Development?

Answer 35

Lawrence Kohlberg

Question 36

How many levels are in the Theory of Moral Development?

Answer 36

3

Question 37

What are the 3 levels in the Theory of Moral Development?

Answer 37

preconventional = punishment + reward
conventional = following standards
postconventional = personal moral code