psychological therapy

Question 1

What is the most commonly used form of psychological treatment for schizophrenia?

Answer 1

CBT

Question 2

What are the assumptions that CBT makes about schizophrenia/ schizophrenics?

Answer 2

-sufferers have distorted beliefs, which influence their feelings and behaviours in maladaptive ways

Question 3

What does CBT help schizophrenics change in order to help them feel better

Answer 3

-change the way they think (‘cognitive’)
-which changes the way they act (‘behaviour’)

Question 4

How many sessions of CBT may a schizophrenic need? What is the NICE recommended amount?

Answer 4

5-20
NICE recommends 16

Question 5

True or False. NICE recommend schizophrenics have at least 10 sessions of CBT, which is less than for other conditions such as depression

Answer 5

False, NICE recommends 16, which is less than for other ones like depression

Question 6

True or False. CBT for schizophrenia happens on an individual, one to one basis.

Answer 6

FALSE
can have group therapy too

Question 7

What is the benefit of group therapy for schizophrenia?

Answer 7

shows clients they are not alone, as others experience the same

Question 8

What are two techniques used in CBT for Schizophrenia?

Answer 8

normalization
reality testing

Question 9

What is normalization in CBT for schizophrenia?

Answer 9

patients told that many people have unusual experiences such as hallucinations and delusions under many different circumstances (e.g under extreme stress)

Question 10

How does normalization help schizophrenic patients in CBT?

Answer 10

can reduce anxiety and sense of isolation by placing psychotic experiences on a continuum with normal experiences
patient feels less alienated and possibility of recovery seems more likely

Question 11

What is reality testing in CBT for schizophrenia?

Answer 11

therapist uses gentle question to help the patient understanding illogical deductions and conclusions

Question 12

How does reality testing help schizophrenic patients in CBT?

Answer 12

delusions are challenged as therapist and client jointly examine likelihood that beliefs are true

Question 13

What symptom(s) of schizophrenia does CBT help with?

Answer 13

delusions

Question 14

What are the two types of of psychological therapy for schizophrenia?

Answer 14

CBT
Family Therapy

Question 15

What does family therapy aim to do?

Answer 15

reduce the level of expressed emotion within the family, as expressed emotion is demonstrated to increase relapse likelihood

Question 16

What is the recommended number of sessions for family therapy?

Answer 16

10

Question 17

What did Garety (2008) find about relapse for those than receive family therapy compared to those that don’t?

Answer 17

relapse for those with family therapy 25% compared of 50% that receive standard care

Question 18

Who proposed a model for family therapy?

Answer 18

Burbach

Question 19

What did Burbach propose?

Answer 19

Model for family therapy

Question 20

What is Burbach’s model for family therapy?

Answer 20

model for family therapy made up of several phases which aims to help family members understand the patients schizophrenia and provides practical support such as skills training in order to manage stress/ expressed emotion

Question 21

What are the strengths of psychological therapy for treatment of schizophrenia?

Answer 21

-evidence for effectiveness of CBT
-evidence for effectiveness of family therapy
-economic benefit of family therapy

Question 22

What is the limitation of psychological therapy for treatment of schizophrenia?

Answer 22

-availability of CBT

Question 23

Explain the limitation of psychological therapy for treatment of schizophrenia- the availability of CBT?

Answer 23

-Despite being recommended by NICE as treatment, it is estimated that in the UK only 1 in 10 get access
-Haddock et al survey in NW of England found that of 187 diagnosed schizophrenics, only 6.9% were offered CBT
-limits effectiveness

Question 24

Explain the strength of psychological therapy for treatment of schizophrenia- evidence of effectiveness for family therapy?

Answer 24

-review of studies by McFalarne conclude that family therapy was one of the most consistently effective treatments available for sz
-relapse rates reduced by 50-60%
-NICE also recommends family therapy saying that its likely to benefit both those with early and full-blown sz

Question 25

Explain the strength of psychological therapy for treatment of schizophrenia- evidence of effectiveness for CBT ?

Answer 25

-Jauhar 2014 reviewed 34 studies using CBT with sz -concluded there is clear evidence for small but significant effects for both positive and negative symptoms -Pontillo found reductions in frequency and severity of auditory hallucinations -NICE recommends it -means both research and clinical experience support benefits of CBT

Question 26

Explain the strength of psychological therapy for treatment of schizophrenia- economic benefits of family therapy?

Answer 26

-NICE review of family therapy studies demonstrated that family therapy is associated with significant cost savings when offered to people with sz as well as standard care -extra cost of family therapy offset by reduction in relapse rates associated with this intervention -also evidence that family therapy reduces relapse rates for a significant period after completion -means cost savings associated are even higher