Psychological Treatments

Question 1

Anxiety
- CBT Types

Answer 1

Anxiety
- CBT

1. Assess
   - Phobic focus
   - Random/general
2. Techniques
   eg. Breathing and pulse measurement
3. Phobic focus
   - Systematic Desensitisation
   - Graded/gradated Exposure (patient set)
4. OCD
   - Exposure and Response Prevention

Question 2

PTSD
- CBT - T
- EMDR

Answer 2

PTSD
- CBT - T

0. Safe space
   - Grounding techniques for dissociation
1. Very slowly reliving
   - Accompanyed through the journey
2. Conceptualise as a normal memory
   - Hippocampus and frontal lobe
   - Understanding as past event
3. Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing
   - Normal memory and traumatic memory simultaneously

Question 3

Depression
- CBT

Answer 3

Depression
- CBT

1. Recognising negative thinking
   - pessimistic thinking
   - generalising from negative events
   - believing it won’t change (stable attribution)
2. Diary keeping
   - how did you interpret it?
3. Learning to contradict negative thinking

Question 4

CBT - P
- Principles

Answer 4

CBT - P
- Principles

1. Reality testing
   - looking for persuasive arguments
2. Family interventions
   - helping carers not to over-react
   - reduce environmental emotionality

Question 5

CBT -Bipolar
1. Low mood
2. High mood

Answer 5

CBT -Bipolar

1. CBT for depression
   - less successful than in unipolar
2. Spotting deterioration in high mood
   - Sleep disturbance
   - Argumentativeness

Question 6

Personality Disorder
- Psychological approach
- Phone line

Answer 6

PD
- EUPD CBT

1. Emotional regulation
2. Distress tolerance
3. Interpersonal successfulness

• 24/7 phoneline
• for promoting skills before self harm
• strict rules
• two therapists with third external therapist

Question 7

Psychotherapy

Definition

Answer 7

A form of treatment based on systematic use of a relationship between therapist and patients to produce changes in cognition, feelings and behaviour.

Question 8

Psychotherapy

Main NHS theoretical models

Answer 8

• Supportive/counselling
• Cognitive/behavioural
• Psychodynamic
• Family/systemic

Question 9

Psychotherapy

Freudian defence mechanisms

Primitive

Answer 9

1. Projection - react to unacceptable inner impulses
2. Dissociation - disconnect self from identity, memory, concsiousness, perception
3. Idealisation - Attribute perfect qualities to others to avoid negative feelings
4. Regression - Return to earlier phase of development to avoid conflict

Question 10

Psychotherapy

Freudian defence mechanisms

Mature

Answer 10

• Humour
• Suppression
• Altruism - selfless concern for others
• Sublimation - redirecting unacceptable desires or impulses into activities that are considered socially acceptable