Psychological Treatments

Question 1

egosyntonic disorders

Answer 1

patient sees disorder as adventageous

Question 2

egodystonic disorders

Answer 2

patient sees disorder as undesirable

Question 3

stages of change

Answer 3

1) pre-contemplation
2) contemplation
3) preperation
4) action
5) maintanance

Question 4

pre-contemplation

Answer 4

• unwillingness to accept the problem

- egosyntonic disorders

Question 5

contemplation

Answer 5

• acknowledges problem

- egodystonic disorders

Question 6

preparation

Answer 6

preparation / ready for change

Question 7

action

Answer 7

changes in the behaviour

Question 8

maintenance

Answer 8

avoidance of unhealthy behaviour

Question 9

psychologist

Answer 9

have a doctoral psychology degree

Question 10

therapist

Answer 10

freely available to be used by any mental health service provider

Question 11

liscenced psychologist

Answer 11

psychologist with specific training in clinical or counselling psychology

Question 12

psychiatrist

Answer 12

medical doctor with advanced training

Question 13

efficacy

Answer 13

ability to produce desired effect in a highly controlled setting (lab)

Question 14

effectiveness

Answer 14

ability to produce desired effect in a real word setting

Question 15

pharmacotherapy

Answer 15

treatment using medication

Question 16

antipsychotics

Answer 16

• block dopamine receptors in brain

- give positive schizofrenia symptoms?

Question 17

tricylics

Answer 17

block reuptake of neurotransmitters in the presynaptic nerve endings then elevate levels in the synapse by build up

Question 18

monoamines oxidase inhibitors

Answer 18

block function of enzyme that degrades the neurotransmitters tryamine, serotonin, dopsamine and norepinephrine. Therfore increases neurotransmitters

Question 19

SSRI’s

Answer 19

effective and cannot me used for suicides

Question 20

antianxiety meds

Answer 20

benzodiazapines, activate benzodiazapines and increase the GABA attachment

Question 21

electro convulsive therapy

Answer 21

• the electrical current sent through an electrode attached to the scalp, stimulating a seizure
• used for severe depression and mania
• safe for pregnancy

Question 22

psychosurgery

Answer 22

• 1930-1950

- frontal lobotomy to treat a variety of symptoms

Question 23

Mindfulness-based approach

Answer 23

• ideas and practices rooted in Buddhist philosophy and meditation
• distress is thought to alleviate through distancing negative thought and emotional reactions
• goal is to achieve a sense of wellbeing

Question 24

Systems Approach to Therapy

Answer 24

• the primary focus is on the relationship between TWO OR MORE co-participants
• maladaptive patterns are thought to originate from patterns of communication and behavior within the system
• goal is to replenish a healthful state
• reframing (alternative viewpoints) and prescriptions (engage family members in certain behaviour patterns)

Question 25

Behavioural Therapy

Answer 25

- focuses on observable traits - uses conditioning to modify maladaptive behaviours - goal is to replace maladaptive bahviours with adaptive bahaviours - early life NOT typically focused on

Question 26

Cognitive Therapy

Answer 26

- focuses on maladaptive thoughts that characterize distressed individuals - educates people on how to identify their own thoughts - target automatic thoughts and core schemas - cognitive distortions: self-regulated misinterpretations of reality - dichotomous thinking: considering only extreme points of view - minimizing: downplaying positive outcomes

Question 27

Humanistic / Client-Centered Training

Answer 27

- recognizes and celebrates the autonomy of the client - distress is thought to come from thoughts and self-concept of oneself do not match - authoritative stance avoided - use unconditional positive regard

Question 28

Psychoanalytic / Psychodynamic Therapy

Answer 28

- developed by Freud to asses the by freud to asses the mind - believe root of many disorders are hidden unconsciously, finding coping mechanisms - the goal of therapy is to gather info on the unconscious. - 3 levels of consciousness 1) conscious 2) preconscious 3) unconscious - 3 levels of awareness 1) id (instinct) 2) ego (realistic part) 3) superego (moralizing part)

Question 29

Rosenhan

Answer 29

- sent confederates to a psychiatric hospital - took about 19 days to be released - told hospital this time potentially confederates may be coming - the hospital identified 41 people as confederates - he sent no ones - therefore cannot distinguish the sane from the insane in a psychiatric hospital