Psychology

Question 1

Defense Mechanisms: Acting Out

Answer 1

Immature; Avoiding unacceptable feelings by behaving badly

Question 2

Defense Mechanisms: Denial

Answer 2

Immature; Behaving as if an aspect of reality doesn’t exist

Question 3

Defense Mechanisms: Distortion

Answer 3

Immature; Altering perception of upsetting reality to be more acceptable

Question 4

Defense Mechanisms: Dissociation

Answer 4

Immature; Disrupting memory, identity, & consciousness to cope with an event

Question 5

Defense Mechanisms: Displacement

Answer 5

Immature; Transferring feelings to a more acceptable object

Question 6

Defense Mechanisms: Fantasy

Answer 6

Immature; Substituting imaginary scenarios

Question 7

Defense Mechanisms: Intellectualization

Answer 7

Immature; Using intellect to avoid uncomfortable feelings

Question 8

Defense Mechanisms: Projection

Answer 8

Immature; Attributing one’s own feelings to others

Question 9

Defense Mechanisms: Reaction formation

Answer 9

Immature; Responding in a manner opposite to one’s actual feelings

Question 10

Defense Mechanisms: Repression

Answer 10

Immature; Blocking upsetting feelings from entering consciousness

Question 11

Defense Mechanisms: Regression

Answer 11

Immature; Reverting to an earlier developmental stage

Question 12

Defense Mechanisms: Splitting

Answer 12

Immature; Seeing other as all bad or good

Question 13

Defense Mechanisms: Altruism

Answer 13

Mature; Avoiding negative feelings by helping others

Question 14

Defense Mechanisms: Humor

Answer 14

Mature; Using humor to avoid uncomfortable feelings

Question 15

Defense Mechanisms: Sublimation

Answer 15

Mature; Channeling impulses into socially acceptable behaviors

Question 16

Defense Mechanisms: Suppression

Answer 16

Mature; Putting unwanted feelings aside to cope with reality

Question 17

Classical Conditioning

Answer 17

involuntary response to a learned stimulus that was previously paired w/ an unconditioned stimulus (Pavlov’s Dogs)

Question 18

Operant Conditioning

Answer 18

Voluntary response elicited bc it produces punishment or reward

Question 19

Positive Reinforcement

Answer 19

desired reward produces action

Question 20

Negative Reinforcement

Answer 20

action eliminates undesired stimulus

Question 21

Transference

Answer 21

patient sees physicians as parent or another important figure

Question 22

Countertransference

Answer 22

Physicians views patient as sibling or another important figure

Question 23

ADHD

Answer 23

Onset: <12yo
Sx: hyperactivity, impulsivity, inattentiveness
Path: decreased frontal lobe volume/metabolism
Tx: methylphenidate, amphetamines, atomoxetine

Question 24

Conduct disorder

Answer 24

Onset: <18yo
Sx: behavior that violates the rights of others

Question 25

Behavior that violates the rights of others diagnosed >18yo

Answer 25

Antisocial Personality Disorder

Question 26

Tourette's Syndrome

Answer 26

Onset: 1yr (coprolalia <20%), associated w/ OCD, ADHD Tx: antipsychotics

Question 27

Separation Anxiety Disorder

Answer 27

Onset: ~7-9yo Tx: SSRI

Question 28

ASD

Answer 28

Onset: early childhood; M>F Sx: poor social skills, communication deficit, ritualized behavior, restricted interests

Question 29

Rett Disorder

Answer 29

Onset: 1-4yo in F only; X-linked Sx: loss of development, loss of verbal skills, ataxia, stereotypic hand-wringing

Question 30

Neurotransmitter Changes in Alzheimer's Disease

Answer 30

Low ACh

Question 31

Neurotransmitter Changes in Anxiety

Answer 31

High NE, Low GABA & 5-HT

Question 32

Neurotransmitter Changes in Depression

Answer 32

Low DA, 5-HT, & NE

Question 33

Neurotransmitter Changes in Huntington Disease

Answer 33

Low GABA & ACh, High DA

Question 34

Neurotransmitter Changes in Parkinson Disease

Answer 34

Low DA, High 5-HT & ACh

Question 35

Neurotransmitter Changes in Schizophrenia

Answer 35

High DA

Question 36

Korsakoff amnesia

Answer 36

anterograde amnesia d/t thiamine deficiency & destruction of the maxillary bodies seen in alcoholics; associated w/ confabulations

Question 37

Dissociative amnesia

Answer 37

inability to recall personal information d/t trauma or severe stress; dissociative fugue (abrupt wandering)

Question 38

How long do SSRIs take to begin working?

Answer 38

4-6wks