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Pance Re-Up > Psychology #4 > Flashcards

Psychology #4 Flashcards

1
Q

Name the Cluster A Personality Disorders (3 of them)

A

-Schizoid
-Schizotypal
-Paranoid

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2
Q

Name the Cluster B Personality Disorders (4 of them)

A

-Antisocial
-Borderline
-Histrionic
-Narcissistic

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3
Q

Name the Cluster C Personality Disorders (3 of them)

A

-Avoidant
-Dependent
-Obsessive Compulsive

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4
Q

Explain Schizoid Personality

A

-Voluntary social withdrawal and anhedonic introversion
-Avoids people: introvert, anhedonic, odd, detached, flat affect

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5
Q

Explain Schizotypal Personality

A

-Odd, eccentric, bizarre behavior or thoughts
-Schizophrenia without psychosis
-Talk to self, magical thinking, discomfort with close relationships
-Suspiciousness

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6
Q

Explain Paranoid Personality Disorder

A

-Distrust and suspiciousness
-Preoccupation with doubting loyalty of others
-Sees hidden messages, doesn’t forgive
-Suspiciousness of faithfulness of partner

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7
Q

Explain Antisocial Personality Disorder

A

-Behaviors deviate from norms of society
-May commit criminal acts
-Must be 18 years old (conduct disorder past)
-Irritability, no remorse
-Disregard for safety

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8
Q

What are some symptoms of borderline personality disorder?

A

-Unstable, unpredictable mood swings and affect
-Blown up reaction, broken relationships, bad behavior (suicide, substances, spending, binge eating)

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9
Q

Symptoms of Histrionic Personality Disorder

A

-Attention seeking
-Tantrums, self-absorbed
-Sexual, seductive
-Influenced by others
-believes relationships are more intimate than they are

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10
Q

What is narcissistic personality disorder

A

-Grandiose sense of self-importance
-Superiority
-Need for admiration, no empathy
-Arrogance
-Fragile self-esteem
-Exploit others for self gain

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11
Q

What is dependent personality disorder?

A

-Inability to assume responsibility
-Submissive behavior
-Fear of being alone
-No day to day decisions
-No disagreement
-Seeks approval of others

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12
Q

What is avoidant personality disorder?

A

-Social inhibition due to fear of rejection
-Timid, shy, lacks confidence
-Inferiority complex
-Averse to do new activities
-Preoccupation with being rejected

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13
Q

Obsessive Compulsive personality disorder symptoms

A

-Preoccupation with order, details, and perfectionism without obsessions or compulsions
-Ego Syntonic
-Devotion to work, morals, ethics
-Can’t discard useless objects
-Rules, lists, details

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14
Q

What is illness anxiety disorder/hypochondriasis?

A

Preoccupation with having a serious illness

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15
Q

What other things do people with illness anxiety disorder do?

What is the treatment?

A

-Care seeking, doctor shopping
-At least 6 months in time

-Regularly scheduled appointments
-CBT

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16
Q

What is malingering?

A

Intentional falsification for external (secondary) gain such as money, food, shelter, or avoidance of prison, school, etc.

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17
Q

On the other hand, what is factitious disorder?

A

Intentional falsification for primary gain (inner self to be seen as ill) but no external rewards

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18
Q

What are the two types of factitious disorder?

A

-Imposed on self: presents themselves
-Imposed on Another: considered child or elder abuse

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19
Q

Symptoms of factitious disorder

A

-Exaggeration of symptoms (hurt themselves)
-Willing to undergo extensive testing
-Hospital jump, have medical knowledge

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20
Q

What is conversion disorder?

A

-At least 1 symptom of neuro dysfunction that can’t be explained by a condition.

It CAN be related to an actual trauma, though.

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21
Q

What are some examples of the symptoms in conversion disorder?

A

-Motor dysfunction: paralysis, mutism, seizures, gait problems, ticks, globus.
-Sensory dysfunction: blindness, deafness, paresthesias, etc.

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22
Q

What is true about conversion disorder?

What is the treatment?

A

It is not intentional produced!

Patient education + CBT

23
Q

On the same hand, what is somatic symptom disorder?

A

Physical symptoms involving at least 1 systems but no physical cause on workup

24
Q

What are risk factors for somatic symptom disorder?

What are some examples of symptoms for this condition?

A

-Young women, onset before age 30, history of sexual abuse

-SOB, vomiting, amnesia, dysmenorrhea, pain, burning sex organ

25
Q

Treatment for somatic symptom disorder

A

-Regularly scheduled appts
-Psychotherapy

26
Q

What is body dysmorphic disorder?

A

Preoccupation with at least 1 perceived flaw in appearance that is not observable by others

27
Q

What are some things those with dysmorphic disorder do?

A

-May commit repetitive acts (mirror checking, comparison to others, approval seeking)

28
Q

Treatment for body dysmorphic disorder

A

-SSRI’s +/- CBT
-TCA’s alternative

29
Q

What criteria have to be present to diagnose ADHD

A

-Symptom onset before age 12
- Last > 6 months in 2 settings
-At least 6 inattentive symptoms and/or at least 6 hyperactivity symptoms

30
Q

Treatment for ADHD

A

-Behavior modification
-Stimulants (first line): Methylphenidate, Amphetamine/Dextroamphetamine
-Non Stimulants: Atomoxetine

31
Q

What do stimulants do (MOA)

A

Increase release of norepinephrine and dopamine

32
Q

Adverse effects of stimulants?

A

-Abdominal pain

33
Q

What is narcolepsy?

Symptoms of it

A

-Decreased ability to regulate sleep-wake cycles
-Symptoms: chronic daytime sleepiness, cataplexy (emotionally triggered weakness of face, neck knees), hallucinations, sleep paralysis, sleepwalking, RLS, OSA, etc.

34
Q

What two diagnostics can be done for narcolepsy?

A

-Polysomnography: spontaneous awakenings, REM sleep within 15 minutes of sleep, increased light non-REM sleep

-MSLT: fall asleep < 8 minutes (normal 10-15), sleep onset rapid eye movements

35
Q

Treatment for narcolepsy

A

-Modafinil (inhibit dopamine reuptake)
-Solriamfetol
-Cataplexy: Fluoxetine, Atomoxetine

36
Q

Autism Spectrum Disorder is impairment in social interaction or communication with restrictive behaviors. Symptoms are usually recognized at what age?

A

Rapid deterioration of social or language skills during first 2 years of life

-Recognized between 12-24 months

37
Q

True or False: No specific medication is to treat Autism?

A

True, treat the symptoms

38
Q

Conduct disorder is when patients deviate from age-related norms and violates behaviors of others. This is more common in ______, and those with what other two conditions?

This is diagnosed before what age? It may progress to?

A

More common in males, those with ADHD and ODD

Before 18 years old

Antisocial personality

39
Q

Symptoms of conduct disorder

A

-aggression to humans and animals
-destruction of property
-deceitfulness or theft
-serious violations of rules
-< 18 years old

40
Q

Treatment for conduct disorder

A

-Behavior modification

41
Q

What is oppositional defiant disorder

A

Defiant toward authority but no aggression or breaking laws
-Angry or irritable mood, argumentative, defiant behavior, vindictiveness

42
Q

What is disruptive mood dysregulation disorder?

A

-Disruptive and angry child, but do not do it on purpose and may feel remorseful for actions

43
Q

What is dissociative identity disorder?

Who is it MC in?

A

Presence of 2 or more identities or personalities

-MC in women, PTSD, sexual abuse

44
Q

What is dissociative amnesia?

A

Inability to recall autobiographical information

45
Q

Treatment for dissociative identity and amnesia disorders?

A

Psychotherapy

46
Q

With premenstrual dysphoric disorder, which is severe PMS with functional impairment, the symptoms occur ___________ and are relieved within ___________, plus ___________

A

Occur 1-2 weeks before menses (luteal phase), relieved within 2-3 days of onset of menses, plus 7 or more symptom free days in follicular phase.

47
Q

What should you request of patients with PMDD?

A

Keep a diary for > 2 cycles

48
Q

Treatment for PMDD

A

-Lifestyle: decrease stress and caffeine
-SSRI’s (first line)

49
Q

What are parasomnias?

There are two types, REM and NREM. Explain both.

A

-Disruptive sleep disorders that occur while falling asleep, sleeping, or waking

REM: dream enactment, pt recalls dreams, occur later in life, and associated with degenerative brain disease.

NREM: run in families, occur in kids, are amniotic to events in morning, and outgrown by adulthood.

50
Q

What diagnostic is done for parasomnias?

A

Clinical or PSG

51
Q

Treatment for parasomnias

A

-Sleep hygiene
-Avoid substance abuse
-Injury protection
-Benzos for sleep
-Sleep medicine consult

52
Q

What are two examples of NREM parasomnias?

A

Sonambulism (sleep walking)
Sleep Terrors (abrupt screaming, crying, etc.)

53
Q

What are two examples of REM parasomnias?

A

-REM sleep behavior disorder: vocalization and aggressive movements that reflect acting out dreams
-Nightmares: abrupt arousal in state of fear, terror, anxiety

54
Q

How do you differentiate NREM vs REM parasomnias?

A

REM has recall
NREM there is no recall of events

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