Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Pance Re-Up > Dermatology #2 > Flashcards

Dermatology #2 Flashcards

(61 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Pityriasis Rosacea is associated with what?

A

Human herpesvirus 7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Describe the symptoms of Pityriasis Rosacea

A

-Viral Prodrome
-Herald Patch (solitary salmon colored patch on trunk)
-Pruritic papules in Christmas tree pattern that follows cleavage lines on trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Lichen Planus is an immune related condition that is associated with

A

Hepatitis C infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Describe the rash of Lichen Planus

A

6 P’s
-Pruritic, Purple, Planar (flat), Polygonal (irregular), Papules, Plaques (Raised)

-Wickham Striae: white lines on skin or oral mucosa

-Koebner’s Phenomenon: new at sites of trauma

-Nail dystrophy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where are the three areas the lichen planus affects MC?

A

Wrist, ankles, mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Treatment for lichen planus

A

Topical corticosteroids; however, most resolve spontaneously over 8-12 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are three common culprits of fixed drug eruptions?

A

NSAIDs, Antibiotics, Antiepileptics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

MC pre-malignant skin condition

A

Actinic Keratosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Actinic keratosis is the ____________ and risk factors include _____, ____, and ______

A

proliferation of keratinocytes

Sun exposure, male gender, and increased age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Symptoms of actinic keratosis

A

Dry, rough sandpaper like papules with transparent or yellow scaling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What test should be done for actinic keratosis and why

A

Punch biopsy to determine if AK or SCC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Treatment for AK

A

-Localized: liquid nitrogen cryotherapy
-Multiple: Topical 5-FU and Imiquimod

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The MC benign epiderma tumor

A

Seborrheic keratosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Seborrheic keratosis is the __________ and looks like

A

benign proliferation of immature keratinocytes

Velvety, warty, stuck on appearance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

MC etiology of onychomycosis

A

T. Rubrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Symptoms of onychomycosis

A

-Opaque nail, thickened, discolored
-MC on great toe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Diagnostics for onychomycosis

A

-Fungal culture and rapid test (KOH prep) before treatment
-Periodic acid-schiff test (most sensitive)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

First line treatment for onychomycosis and two contraindications to using this medication

A

Terbinafine

-Hepatitis and Alcohol use (hepatotoxicity)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

MCC of a paronychia

A

Staph A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is a paronychia

A

Infection of the lateral and proximal nail folds < 6 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Etiology of a paronychia (why does it occur?)

A

Nail biter: normal oral flora

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Treatment for paronychia

A

-Mild: warm water soaks
-Moderate: Oral Cephalexin or Dicloxacillin (Clinda or Aug if nail biter)

-MRSA: Bactrim, Clinda, Doxy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

A paronychia can progress to a _______, which has symptoms of fluctuant of the pad of the fingertip. What is the treatment?

A

Felon

Incision and drainage, Cephalexin afterwards

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Alopecia Areata is immune mediated and targets _____ hair follicles. What are some symptoms of this type of alopecia?

A

Anagen

Exclamation point hairs: tapering near proximal hair shaft
Nail abnormalities: pitting, fissuring, roughening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Treatment for alopecia areata
Intralesional corticosteroids
26
The MC type of alopecia in both genders is _______. Explain the difference in distribution of this condition among genders
Androgenic alopecia Males: bitemporal thinning --> vertex Females: between frontal and vertex of scalp
27
What is the pathophysiology of androgenic alopecia?
DHT is the key androgen. It shortens the anagen phase (growth phase) in the normal cycle of hair.
28
What is seen on dermoscopy in a patient with androgenic alopecia?
Mini hair and brown perihilar casts
29
Treatment options for androgenic alopecia
-Topical Minoxidil: widens blood vessels -Oral Finasteride: androgen inhibitor. Stops conversion of testosterone --> DHT -Hair transplant
30
Treatment of choice for pediculosis (lice)
Topical Permethrin shampoo x 10 minutes Remove nits with fine tooth comb Wash bedding, clothes and dry them in high heat
31
Besides being a clinical diagnosis, what other thing can you use to diagnose pediculosis?
Wood's lamp
32
What is one common adverse effect of Lindane, an alternative treatment for pediculosis?
Seizures Do not give in pregnancy
33
Scabies is a mite infection due to what organism? The females burrow into the skin to lay eggs, feed, and defecate
Sarcoptes scabiei
34
Symptoms of scabies
-Pruritis at night -Linear burrows on intertriginous zones (web spaces of fingers, scalp, toes) -Red, itchy papules on penis, body folds
35
Treatment for scabies
Permethrin topical (8-14 hours before showering) Reapply 1 week later
36
If the patient has Norweigan Crusted Scabies, what is the treatment?
Oral Ivermectin
37
Although bed bugs have a painless bite due to anesthetic and then proteases break down tissue, how can you diagnose this?
Look for blood stained bedding -Supportive treatment only
38
#1 cause of death of envenomation
Bee stings
39
What type of reaction is a bee sting?
Type I immediate reaction (IgE local reaction)
40
Symptoms of a black widow spider bite
-Local symptoms (pain at site) -Neurologic symptoms within 2 hours -Muscle pain -Spasms, rigidity, tachycardia, HTN
41
What does the rash look like in a black widow bite?
-Blanched circular patch with surrounding red perimeter and central target lesion
42
The venom of a brown recluse spider is
cytotoxic and hemolytic...can be necrotic
43
What does the rash or bite site look like in a brown recluse bite?
Erythema at site --> blanching due to vasoconstriction --> red halo for 24 hours --> hemorrhagic bullae --> eschar formation
44
What type of tick and what is the bacteria that causes Lyme Disease?
Borrelia Burgdorferi on the Ixodes Scapularis (deer tick)
45
What are the MC states where Lyme's occurs?
Northeast (CT, MA, NY, NJ)
46
Symptoms of Lymes
-Erythema Migrans: bullseye rash -Neurologic symptoms: CNVII nerve palsy (MC) -AV Block (MC) -Intermittent arthritis (knee pain)
47
Although Lyme is a clinical diagnosis, what can be done to prove this diagnosis?
ELISA (serologic testing) then Western Blot if positive
48
Treatment for Lyme
Doxycycline BID x 10-21 days -Amoxicillin if a child or pregnant
49
However, if the Lyme disease is late or severe, what is the treatment?
IV Ceftriaxone (with nerve palsy or AV block)
50
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever, MCC by _____, occurs in what states?
Rickettsia Rickettsii Southcentral and Southeastern States
51
What are the two vectors for RMSF?
Dermacentor andersoni & Variablis
52
Explain the rash of RMSF
Petechial rash on wrists/ankles then spreads to trunk
53
Treatment for RMSF? If Pregnant?
Doxycycline (first line) Chloramphenicol (if pregnant)
54
What is Ehrlichiosis?
Tick borne illness that infects and destroys WBCs
55
What is the etiology of Ehrlichiosis?
Amblyorama (Lone Star Tick)
56
True or False: the symptoms of Ehrlichiosis are nothing special. Malaise, fever, with no special rash.
True
57
Treatment for Ehrlichiosis?
Doxycycline -Chloramphenicol (second line)
58
A peripheral smear can be done for Ehrlichiosis. What should be seen on it with this condition?
Morulae in WBCs Mulberry shaped aggregates Leukopenia
59
What is one thing to remember and keep in mind when considering weakness, malaise, and ataxia after a tick bite?
Tick Paralysis -Remove the tick!
60
Explain the four degrees of sunburns
1st: local erythema, resolves in days 2nd: blisters, painful, resolves in 2 weeks 3rd: painless, dry, leathery 4th: to muscle/bone, amputation
61
What are some risk factors for skin cancer?
Fair skin, age, family history, sun exposure, sunburns, radiation, immunosuppression

Pance Re-Up (76 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions