Psychology of physical activity, health and wellbeing Flashcards
(42 cards)
How is health defined in the medical model of health?
absence of disease
diagnosis and treatment of disease
medical view of the body
What was an alternative definition that was made after the medical one that defined health?
WHO 1948
a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
you need physical, mental snd social aspects to be classified as healthy
Who criticised the WHO definition of health?
Huber et al 2011
criticises the definition and states that if everyone needs to be physically socially and mentally healthy, what does that mean or disabled people
Describe the social ecological model of health?
looks beyond individual
indiv- knowledge, skills interpersonal- family, friends organisational- social institution community- relationships public policy- local laws
What is the definition of public health and who defined it?
Acheson Report 1987
the art and science of preventing disease promoting health and prolonging life through organised efforts of society
Beaglehole and Bonita 2004- sustain public health through collective action
What are the 7 words that define wellbeing?
happiness flourishing welfare quality of life wealth sustainability state of balance
What are the 6 categories that make up happiness?
wealth social support healthy life expectancy freedom/autonomy population generosity perceptions of internal and external corruption levels
How is a state of balance part of the wellbeing?
Rachel Dodge
stated we need to have a balance of challenges and resources
we need challenges for stimulation
if challenges outway resources, there will be negative sense of wellbeing
What is flourishing?
experiencing positive emotion
defines wellbeing as positive things we have
positive psychology
What are the stems of positive psychology?
emotional resilience self belief sense of achievement trusting relationships optimistic engagement self efficacy problem solver
What are the core features of flourishing positive psychology?
positive emotions
engagement
meaning/ purpose
What is positive psychology?
scientific study of optimal human functioning
to discover and promote the factors that allow individuals and communities to thrive
What are the 5 ways to wellbeing, how to improve wellbeing according to positive psychology?
connect- social relationships
be active- physical activity
take notice- take notice of enviro rather than looking at your phone
keep learning- engage in educational things
give- charitable
According to theories of behaviour change, what happens when we exercise and dont exercise in terms of health and wellbeing?
increased levels of physical activity- health benefits, physical, mental, personal development
low levels of physical activity- risk of chronic disease
How does the government play a role in promoting good health and wellbeing?
gov- a new strategy for an active nation
sport England- towards an active nation
UK recommended guidelines- start active stay active
What are the UK guidelines for physical activity for children and adults?
children (5-18) - 60mins vigorous activity per day
adults- 150 mins moderate per week or 75 mins of vigorous per week
What are the 8 barriers to physical activity?
lack of time lack of energy lack of motivation costs too much illness/ injury lack of facilities feel uncomfortable fear of injury
What is a theory and why is it used?
n academic interpretation of why and how things happen
helps understand why an individuals physically inactive
identifies constructs that explain engagement and disengagement with physical activity, we can then work on change
Why should interventions be formed from theories?
allows targeting and influencing of the right factors
this should lead to successful behaviour change
helps us identify what worked and what has not
allows measurement of change
allows evaluation of the processes by which a behaviour is modified or changed
Describe the health belief model as a theory of behaviour change?
people know that its good to exercise but we dont do it- why?
demographics- genetics, age
psychological characteristics- group pressure
we look at the threat of the illness- how bad is it actually- perceived susceptibility
perceived severity- eg diabetes, you wont die, theres drugs
health motivation- how important is it to change to you
perceived benefits and barriers of changing behaviour
cue to action- you dont care about exercise but all your friends do it, so your influenced
self efficacy
What is a limitation of this model?
it shows us the factors that may influence us to change our behaviour but it doesn’t show us how we can change it
What type of model is the health belief model?
linear
What is the theory of planned behaviour?
attitude towards behaviour- positive or negative feeling about physical activity
subjective norm- do family exercise, what is the norm
perceived behavioural control- do we feel in control of our behaviour
all these influence intention (motivation to change)
is the intention is there then we change behaviour
What is a limitation of the theory of planned behaviour?
the theory assumes that if out intentions are there, then we automatically do the behaviour however this is false
