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psychology unit Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

Psychodynamic Theory

A

resolving a patient’s conflicted conscious and unconscious feelings

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2
Q

Sigmund Freud

A

believed our problems in life come from unresolved problems from childhood

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3
Q

psychoanalytic theory

A

Freud; all human behaviour is influenced by early childhood

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4
Q

Id

A

instinctual part of the mind, pleasure principle

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5
Q

Ego

A

rational part of the mind, reality principle

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6
Q

SuperEgo

A

moral centre of the mind

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7
Q

Denial

A

refusing to accept the truth of a fact

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8
Q

Projection

A

blaming someone else

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9
Q

Displacement

A

putting the blame in the wrong place

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10
Q

Reaction formation:

A

act opposite of how you really feel because your ashamed

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11
Q

regression

A

acting like a child

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12
Q

Rationalization:

A

justify what you did wrong

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13
Q

Sublimation:

A

going to a rage room

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14
Q

Psychosexual development:

A

stages that kids grow up through that’s fixed on a different part of the body that must be resolved to advance.

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15
Q

Oral

A

: placing things in the mouth, conflict; child being weaned off mothers breast, fixation: overeating

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16
Q

Anal

A

Bowel pleasure, conflict; child is potty trained, fixation: perfection

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17
Q

Phallic:

A

awareness of sexual organs, most important stage, fixation: poor relationships

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18
Q

Latency:

A

least sexual drive, same-sex friendships, fixation: lack of friends

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19
Q

Gential

A

interest in dating and marriage, fixation: poor sexual relationships

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20
Q

Karen Horney

A

founder of feminine psychology

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21
Q

Carl Jung

A

disagreed with freud, founder of analytical psychology: balancing id ego superego

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22
Q

Dreams

A

during REM sleep, We dream to:
Fulfill wishes
To remember
To forget
To keep brain working
To rehearse
To heal
To solve problems

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23
Q

Behavioral psychology

A

evidence based on observable behavior.

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24
Q

Innate behavior

Study These Flashcards
A

Determined by genetics
Built in instincts

25
Learned behavior
Determined by experiences or environment Based on parental influences and observations of society
26
Conditional learning:
stimuli that triggers behaviour
27
Unconditioned response
natural response to stimuli
28
conditioned stimulus:
originally neutral stimulus that triggers a conditioned response after being paired with an unconditioned stimulus.
29
unconditioned stimulus:
stimulus that naturally triggers a biological response
30
Conditioned response
: learned response to a previously neutral stimulus
31
Classical conditioning
a CONDITIONED RESPONSE to a newly CONDITIONED STIMULUS
32
Pavlov's Dogs:
Sight of food caused dog to salivate Pavlov rang a bell before feeding dog, eventually the sound of the bell combined with presence of food made dog salivate The bell became a conditioned stimulus Later the dog would salivate from just hearing the bell
33
operant conditioning:
B.F. Skinner uses rewards and punishment to achieve a desired behavior.
34
The Skinner Box
Placed rat in a cage Rat pressed lever Got rewarded for behaviors Continued to press lever
35
Humanistic psychology:
clients should be involved in their own recovery rather than relying just on the therapist's interpretation of the issues.
36
Abraham Maslow:
founder of humanistic; studied well people instead of sick people. hierarchy of needs
37
Hierarchy of Needs
basic needs must be met first before we can consider satisfying other needs BASIC NEEDS: Physiological needs - basic necessities Safety needs - security PSYCHOLOGICAL NEEDS: Belongingness and love needs - intimate relationships Esteem needs - confidence, accomplishment SELF-FULFILLMENT NEEDS: Self-actualization: achieving one's full potential, find purpose
38
Viktor Frankl:
observed that those who survived in the concentration camps did so because they had something to hold on to/live for
39
Logotherapy:
made by Viktor Frankl. tries to help the patient find the meaning of their own life without the medicine
40
Client-centered therapy:
humanistic therapy developed by Carl Rogers in which the client plays an active role
41
Cognitive psychology:
The study and application of how the brain learns.
42
BoBo Doll experiment:
Some children watched adults hit a doll with a ax These Children were placed in a room to interact with the same doll Some children behaved violently towards the doll just like the adults, and did even worse
43
Albert Bandura:
believes people learn behaviors by watching then imitating others
44
Elizabeth Loftus
Believed repressed memories rarely exist and can be created through the power of suggestion - false memories
45
Witness testimonies:
false memories make humans unreliable, especially claims during an investigation.
46
Lost-in-mall-experiment:
Participants were read stories of real events from their childhood, as well as one fake story about being lost in a mall Most participants claimed to remember the false story from their childhood
47
Why are most people right handed:
they are left brain dominant
48
The Brain:
Left hemisphere: reasoning, number skills, taught in society Right: hemisphere: artsy, not taught in society
49
Why is the left hemisphere always dominant?
Its taught more
50
Mental health:
maintenance of successful mental activity, cope with stress
51
brain disorder
Caused by genetics + environment =
52
Mental illness:
occurs when the brain is working in the wrong way.
53
Heredity:
aspects of personality and behavior that are passed down genetically.
54
Environment:
Many factors in your environment can have an influence on your development
55
Nature:
how genetics influence an individual's personality
56
Nurture
how their environment (including relationships and experiences) impacts their development.
57
Schizophrenia
A mental illness that affects that way you think, feel, and behave causes: could be a combination of physical, genetic, psychological, and environmental factors symptoms: Hallucinations, delusions, thought disorder, disorganized thinking behaviours: Difficulty with attention, memory, and organization Stigmas: violent, out of control, Remove the stigma: educate, be mindful, include everyone Therapies available: cognitive therapy, psychotherapy, art therapy
58
OCD
experience obsessions, compulsions, or both. Experience recurring thoughts, repetitive behaviours Causes: learned behaviors, genetics, abnormalities in the brain Symptoms: anxiety, compulsion, intrusive thoughts Behaviors: washing hands, checking, counting, ordering Stigmas: crazy, violent, distrustful Therapies: cognitive behavioural therapy, one on one therapy

SAP 11 (6 decks)

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