Psychometrics

Question 1

Reliability is the…
a. overall consistency of a measure.
b. determined when the measure is well-founded and corresponds accurately to the real
world.
c. the degree to which evidence and theory support the interpretations of test scores
d. whether a test appears to measure a certain criterion

Answer 1

A. Overall consistency of a measure

Question 2

Face Validity is the…
a. overall consistency of a measure.
b. determined when the measure is well-founded and corresponds accurately to the real
world.
c. the degree to which evidence and theory support the interpretations of test scores
d. whether a test appears to measure a certain criterion

Answer 2

D. Whether a test appears to measure a certain criterion

Question 3

A ‘z score’ is used to…

a. calculate the distance to the planet Zenon.
b. measure a ​score’s relationship to the mean in a group of scores.
c. describe IQ scores
d. used to tell individuals how far their score is from the mean

Answer 3

B. Measure a score’s relationship to the mean in a group of scores.

Question 4

A ‘T score” is used to…

a. make tea
b. measure a score’s relationship to the mean in a group of scores.
c. describe IQ scores
d. used to tell individuals how far their score is from the mean

Answer 4

D. Used to tell individuals how far their score is from the mean

Question 5

How do you compute the standard deviation?

Answer 5

Square root of the variance

Question 6

What are the four types of data?

Answer 6

1. Nominal
2. Ordinal
3. Interval
4. Ratio

Question 7

Describe nominal data.

Answer 7

Data that is organized by categories (e.g. make of car, gender, etc).

Question 8

Describe ordinal data.

Answer 8

Data is ranked in order (e.g. birth order, rank in class)

Question 9

Describe interval data.

Answer 9

data that is meaningful difference between values. There is no 0-point value. (e.g. likert type scale, temperature).

Question 10

Describe ratio data.

Answer 10

has all the properties of an interval variable, and also has a clear definition of 0.0. When the variable equals 0.0, there is none of that variable. Variables like height, weight, enzyme activity are ratio variables.

Question 11

What is reliability?

Answer 11

overall consistency of a measure. Produces similar results under consistent conditions

Question 12

What are the three forms of reliability?

Answer 12

1. Test-Retest
2. Internal consistency
3. Alternate Form

Question 13

Describe internal consistency.

Answer 13

Internal consistency looks for reliability within subscales and subtests. It looks for consistent patterns from item to item. There are two types of internal consistency:

1. Split-Half
2. Coefficient Alpha

Question 14

What is validity?

Answer 14

The extent to which a test measures what it claims to measure.

Question 15

What is content validity?

Answer 15

The degree to which an item captures the construct being measured.

Question 16

What is Criterion-Related validity?

Answer 16

the extent to which a measure is related to an outcome; how does a test perform in relation to some standard

Question 17

What is construct validity?

Answer 17

measures how well a test conforms to a theoretical notion in psychology.

Question 18

What are the three main types of validity?

Answer 18

1. Content Validity
2. Criterion-Related Validity
3. Construct Validity

Question 19

Describe and define the difference between convergent validity and discriminant validity.

Answer 19

Convergent validity is when the measure correlates highly to other measures that claim to study the same constructs. Discriminant validity is when the measure does not correlate to measures it should be different from.

Question 20

Describe the Standard Error of Difference.

Answer 20

Statistic used to identify if the difference between 2 obtained scores is significant

Question 21

Describe the Standard Error of Estimate.

Answer 21

Statistic used when trying to predict what score a person will obtain on a test, depends on the criterion variable.

Question 22

What is a Type 1 Error?

Answer 22

It is a false positive. The error of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is actually true

Question 23

What is a Type II Error?

Answer 23

It is a false negative. The error of not rejecting the null hypothesis when the alternative hypothesis is true.

Question 24

What is the equation for a Z score?

Answer 24

(obtained score - mean)/standard deviation

Question 25

What is a T-Test’s function?

Answer 25

it is used to compare the means of two groups.

Question 26

What is the Barnum Effect?

Answer 26

People tend to accept and approve of the personality interpretation that you give them. (remember when McMinn gave us those handouts?)