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Final Psychosocial Exam > Psychosocial Final > Flashcards

Psychosocial Final Flashcards

(70 cards)

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1
Q

What does ‘context’ mean in relation to the OT Practice Framework?

A

Environmental factors and personal factors that support engagement, participation, and health.

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2
Q

What is a conversion reaction in mental health?

A

A sudden unexplainable disability of sensory or motor function of the body.

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3
Q

Describe mood/affective disorders.

A

Mood disturbances can range from feeling very high with manic symptoms or very low with depressive symptoms.

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4
Q

What are personality disorders?

A

Mental disorders characterized by unhealthy and rigid patterns of thinking and behaving.

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5
Q

What are anxiety disorders?

A

An internal sense of apprehension and psychological distress characterized by excessive fear and worry.

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6
Q

What are schizophrenia and psychotic disorders?

A

Among the most disabling psychiatric conditions, with schizophrenia serving as the best-known of these conditions.

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7
Q

Identify and describe the signs and symptoms of psychosis.

A

The presence of delusions and hallucinations without insight.

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8
Q

Can defense mechanisms be a healthy response?

A

Yes, it is a healthy response to anxiety and used to cope.

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9
Q

What is repression as a defense mechanism?

A

Moving bad thoughts or feelings to the back of your mind.

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10
Q

What is regression as a defense mechanism?

A

Reverting to an earlier, more comforting time in life.

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11
Q

What is rationalization as a defense mechanism?

A

‘Face-saving’ excuses.

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12
Q

What is fantasy as a defense mechanism?

A

Denial of reality.

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13
Q

What is compensation as a defense mechanism?

A

Substituting a more attainable behavior for one that is not liked.

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14
Q

What is projection as a defense mechanism?

A

Unconscious attribution to others of one’s not-wanted traits/attitudes.

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15
Q

What is sublimation as a defense mechanism?

A

Instinctive needs and unacceptable impulses (aggression, sexual) find an acceptable outlet for expression.

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16
Q

Describe cognitive/adjustive disorders.

A

Conditions for which the primary symptoms are cognitive deficits; adjustment is an emotional or behavioral reaction to a stressful situation or life event that exceeds expectations.

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17
Q

What are eating/feeding disorders?

A

Bulimia Nervosa and Anorexia Nervosa.

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18
Q

What are substance use and chemical dependency disorders?

A

Characterized by cognitive, behavioral, and physiological symptoms indicating continued use despite significant substance-related problems.

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19
Q

How does trauma affect beliefs, worldview, spirituality, and identity?

A

It changes how you interact with the world and will affect performance areas.

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20
Q

What is the first principle of trauma-informed care?

A

Safety - creating a safe environment for the person who has experienced trauma.

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21
Q

What is the second principle of trauma-informed care?

A

Trustworthiness and Transparency - building trust through transparency in actions.

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22
Q

What is the third principle of trauma-informed care?

A

Collaboration and Mutuality - based on collaboration between therapist and client.

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23
Q

What is the fourth principle of trauma-informed care?

A

Empowerment - empowering clients to be the truest and purest form of themselves.

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24
Q

What is the fifth principle of trauma-informed care?

A

Voice and Choice - allowing clients to practice self-regulation and direct their own care.

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25
What is the theory associated with reframing?
Cognitive Behavioral Theory (CBT).
26
What is Cognitive Enhancement Therapy (CET)?
A treatment model that improves cognitive abilities, processing speeds, and social cognition.
27
What are the components of social skills training?
Social skills are necessary for role performance; learn life, work, and leisure skills to participate in social and performance roles.
28
What are the principles of role acquisition?
["Client participation", "Personalized goals", "Ability-based goals", "Increase challenges", "Natural progression", "Client knowledge", "Client awareness", "Practice makes perfect", "Parts of a whole", "Limitation"]
29
What is mindfulness?
Attention training to cultivate concentration, clarity, and equanimity.
30
What is relaxation in mind-body skills?
Techniques to enhance relaxation response in the brain.
31
What is yoga in mind-body skills?
Movement and breathing strategies to synchronize mind/emotional states.
32
What is positive psychology?
Practice to cultivate and strengthen positive mind/emotional states.
33
What is resiliency training?
Techniques for balancing the nervous system, processing trauma, and strengthening the resilience zone.
34
What is the 'Resilient Zone'?
The best capacity for flexibility and adaptability in mind, body, and spirit.
35
What are the key concepts of wellness?
["The illness-wellness continuum", "Just the tip of the iceberg", "All energy transforms"]
36
What is Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)?
Encourages observing thoughts and feelings without judgment, increasing psychological flexibility.
37
What is Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT)?
Helps individuals become aware of negative thought patterns and respond mindfully.
38
What is Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT)?
Incorporates mindfulness as one of four core skills.
39
What are pro-social behaviors of mindfulness?
["Impulse regulation", "Emotional awareness", "Compassion and empathy", "Forgiveness"]
40
What is insomnia?
Inability to sleep or stay asleep.
41
What is hypersomnia?
Causes excess sleep.
42
What are parasomnias?
Undesirable physical or experiential events that accompany sleep.
43
What are sleep-related breathing disorders?
Difficulty breathing during sleep.
44
What are circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders?
Timings in sleep are out of order/alignment.
45
What are sleep-related movement disorders?
Cause movement during sleep/prior to sleep.
46
What is the best course of action for addressing clients with sleep disorders?
["Establish a calm bedtime routine", "Use the bed for sleep and sex only", "Avoid vigorous exercise too close to bedtime", "Make sure it's dark and cool", "Avoiding naps", "Avoid tech devices before sleep"]
47
What are the core skills of mindfulness?
["Concentration", "Sensory clarity", "Equanimity"]
48
What does the Child Abuse Amendment Act cover?
The withholding of medically indicated treatment for infants like threatening conditions.
49
What is the best way to manage sexual harassment from a client?
Confront, contact, policy, authorities if severe.
50
What are the risk factors for violent behavior?
History of violence and diagnosis.
51
What are the different types of abuse?
["Physical abuse", "Child neglect", "Emotional neglect or abuse", "Sexual abuse"]
52
Distinguish between the different types of neglect.
["Parent", "Child", "Family", "Environment", "Society", "Institutional"]
53
What are the causes for inappropriate patient sexual behavior?
["Med side effects", "Traumatic brain syndrome", "Organic brain syndrome", "Impotency", "Power struggle", "Location of care", "Desire to prove self as a sexual being", "Need for warmth and friendliness from others"]
54
What are the most appropriate ways to manage agitated patients and potential aggressiveness?
["Awareness of potential", "Milieu", "Staff education and training", "Restraint procedures"]
55
How might staff perpetuate violence in healthcare?
["Denial", "Forced meds", "Provocative treatment", "Lack of education on training", "Expectations", "Displacement aggression", "Staff behaviors"]
56
Describe factors that may lead to abuse and/or neglect.
["Parent factors: drugs/alcohol, emotional immaturity, low frustration tolerance", "Child factors: unwanted, resembles an unliked person", "Family factors: marital conflict, employment stress", "Environmental factors: financial crisis, poor housing", "Societal factors: economic stresses, acceptance of violence", "Institutional factors: competition among agencies, gaps in services"]
57
Define the difference between countertransference and transference.
Transference is when one person unconsciously relates to the other as if that person were someone else; countertransference occurs when the object of transference unconsciously falls into the role that the client is transferring onto them.
58
What are the modes of the Intentional Relationship Model?
["Advocating", "Collaborating", "Empathizing", "Encouraging", "Instructing", "Problem-solving"]
59
What are the essential qualities of the therapeutic relationship?
["Empathy", "Sensitivity", "Respect", "Warmth", "Genuineness", "Self-disclosure", "Specificity", "Immediacy"]
60
What is validation in interpersonal strategies?
The process of acknowledging what people have been through and what they are experiencing.
61
What is boundary setting in interpersonal strategies?
Drawing the line to keep clients and ourselves safe.
62
What is limit setting in interpersonal strategies?
The process before reaching the boundary, using limits to maintain safety.
63
What is encouragement/praise in interpersonal strategies?
Verbal interventions rewarding effort or completion of tasks.
64
What is advice in interpersonal strategies?
Given sparingly to allow clients to self-monitor and problem-solve.
65
What is coaching in interpersonal strategies?
Demonstrating, guiding, and prompting clients in skill development.
66
What is confrontation in interpersonal strategies?
Bringing attention to a line that has been crossed.
67
What is reframing in interpersonal strategies?
Helping people see an alternative interpretation based on reality.
68
What is reality testing in interpersonal strategies?
Pointing out that a person's thoughts are not based on reality without invalidating their experience.
69
What are metaphors in interpersonal strategies?
Tangible, visual reminders of positive messages.
70
What are the elements of the Intentional Relationship Model?
["The client: focal point", "The interpersonal events that occur during therapy", "The therapist: effort to make the relationship work", "The occupation: the task or activity selected for therapy"]

Final Psychosocial Exam (4 decks)

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