psychosocial problems

Question 1

do adolescents generally develop serious psychological or social problems?

Answer 1

no, most problems reflect transitory experiences

Question 2

true or false: not all problems begin in adolescence

Answer 2

true. they can begin before adolescence

Question 3

true or false: most problems do not persist into adulthood

Answer 3

true

Question 4

when do disorders typically begin?

Answer 4

during childhood

Question 5

mood disorders and substance abuse are ____ prior to adolescence

Answer 5

rare

Question 6

externalizing problems/disorder

Answer 6

psychosocial problems are manifested in a turning of the symptoms OUTWARD, as in aggression or delinquincy

Question 7

internalizing problems/disorder

Answer 7

problems manifested in a turning of the symptoms INWARD, as on depression or anxiety

Question 8

substance use problems are more likely:

Answer 8

comorbid with internalizing and externalizing problems

Question 9

conduct disorder:

Answer 9

repetitive and persistent pattern of antisocial behavior that results in problems at school, work, or in relationships

Question 10

oppositional defiant disorder:

Answer 10

disorder of childhood and adolescence characterized by excessive anger, spite and stubbornness

Question 11

both conduct and oppositional defiant disorder leads to later development of which disorder?

Answer 11

antisocial personality which is persistent disregard for the rules of society and rights of others

Question 12

instrumental:

Answer 12

planned

Question 13

aggression usually ____ over the course of childhood and adolescence

Answer 13

declines

Question 14

violent crimes increase when?

Answer 14

between the preadolescent and adolescent years, peak during late high school years, and decline during young adulthood

Question 15

age-crime curve:

Answer 15

relationships between chronological age and offending

Question 16

underreporting happens because many adolescents commit offenses that are:

Answer 16

undetected by authorities or handled outside official reporting

Question 17

selective reporting results:

Answer 17

poor and minority youngsters are more likely to be arrested and if convicted, treated more harshly than others who commit similar offenses

Question 18

delinquincy:

Answer 18

juvenile offending that is processed within the juveniles justice system

Question 19

juvenile offending:

Answer 19

includes delinquincy and criminal behavior

Question 20

aggression:

Answer 20

acts done to be intentionally harmful

Question 21

the vast majority of teens who violate the law do so ___ and ___ ____

Answer 21

once; not violently

Question 22

adolescent violence is often a ____ that begins in ____ ___

Answer 22

process; early life

Question 23

which disorder is the most common psychological disturbance among adolescents?

Answer 23

depression

Question 24

are the symptoms of MDD the same in adolescence as in adulthood?

Answer 24

yes

Question 25

when do depressive symptoms increase, peak, and decline?

Answer 25

increase during adolescence, peak in middle adolescence, and then decline

Question 26

do adolescents or adults think of ending their life more?

Answer 26

adolescents

Question 27

why did the adolescent suicide rate increase between 1950 and 1990?

Answer 27

because there was an increased use of drugs and alcohol and increased availability of firearms

Question 28

etiologic factors of non suicidal self injury:

Answer 28

individual: emotional dysregulation, psychiatric disorders
environmental: childhood maltreatments, attachment disruptions

Question 29

four factor model of NSSI is grounded on:

Answer 29

behavioral theory which focuses on the antecedent and consequent factors that produce and maintain the behavior

Question 30

4 processes of four factor model:

Answer 30

1. automatic negative reinforcement
2. automatic positive reinforcement when self harm generates positive feelings
3. social negative reinforcement
4. social positive reinforcement when self harm gains attention

Question 31

suicidal thoughts and suicide attempts Among US adolescents have been____ since 1990s

Answer 31

declinign

Question 32

society sends mixed messages about sentence use to youth true or false:

Answer 32

true, to emphasizes to say no but commercials will show you need alcohol to have good time. some drugs are fine as long as not abused

Question 33

since 1990s, smoking has decreased drmaticlly but:

Answer 33

large number report using ecigs

Question 34

experimentation with substances are all ____ common among younger teens than 20 years agi

Answer 34

less

Question 35

personality characteristics for substance abuse:

Answer 35

anger, impulsivity, inattentiveness, sensation seeking

Question 36

family characteristics for substance abuse:

Answer 36

distant, hostile, or conflicted relationships

Question 37

friends factors for substance abuse:

Answer 37

peers who use and tolerate the use of drugs

Question 38

major protective factors against substance abuse: (5)

Answer 38

1. positive mental health such as high self esteem and absence of depression
2. high academic achievement
3. engagement in school
4. close family relationships
5. involvement in religious activities

Question 39

exposure to drugs during adolescence is more likely to lead to:

Answer 39

abuse, addiction, and other problems than exposure during adulthood

Question 40

adolescents feel the _____ effects of drinking less than adults, but feel the ____ effects more than adults

Answer 40

negative; positive