Flashcards in Public Health Pest Control 110 Deck (81)
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1
What government agency regulates pesticides?
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
2
FIFRA
Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act
3
Two pesticide classifications?
Unclassified Use (general use) and Restricted Use
4
A person who misuses pesticides inconsistent with the label are subject to what?
Penalties
5
Who Needs to be Licensed?
Person engaged in the business of applying pesticide or pest control for hire.
6
Pesticide Application Records need to contain what?
Name and address, location, target pest, site, pesticide with EPA #, dilution rate, application rate, time and date of application, carrier if not water, name of person who made application.
7
All invoice statements must contain?
"Commercial applicators are licensed by the Colorado Department of Agriculture"
8
True/False: The original product container with label or a copy of the pesticide label must be in possession of the applicator at site of application?
True
9
Pesticide Store Area requirments
Pesticide store separately, area must be posted and locked, clean and orderly, local fire department has Safety Data Sheet, fire extinguisher, containers labeled
10
Service Vehicle Equipment Identification
Identified on both sides of vehicle with company two inches high. City and State where records are kept, 1 inch high
11
Pesticide Notification Requirements
Oral notification before agricultural application, written notification after agricultural application (label will suffice)
12
Endangered Species Act
Act designed to protect animal and plant species threatened or endangered
13
Emergency Suspensions
A power held by the EPA to cancel or restrict certain pesticides that may jeopardize endangered species
14
Clean Water Act
Protects surface water and sets limits to protect aquatic life
15
Regulations to Control Communicable Diseases
Communicable Disease Programs monitor diseases which are transmitted from animals to humans such as plague, tularemia, West Nile Virus
16
Toxicity
Capacity of any substance to produce injury or death
17
Hazard
Possibility that injury will result from substance. Hazard = Toxicity x Exposure
18
Acute Toxicity
Immediate adverse effects from exposure
19
Chronic Toxicity
Longer periods to produce signs and symptoms from exposure
20
True/False: The label is a legal document
True
21
The most important part of handling pesticide?
Reading the label
22
Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
Provides information about the chemical ingredients including emergency information
23
PPE definition
Personal Protective Equipment
24
True/False: The label lists the minimum PPE required?
True
25
What area gets the most pesticide exposure?
Hands and forearms
26
Two types of respirators
Air-supplied and air purifying
27
How to avoid exposure to pesticides?
Proper PPE, washing hands, keeping food, drinks and tobacco products away from pesticides
28
Four types of pesticide exposure?
Oral, Dermal, Inhalation, Ocular
29
How to open a paper container?
A sharp knife - do not tear.
30
Define Heat Stress
When your body is subjected to more heat than it can cope with due to age, weight, fitness level, and pre-existing conditions
31
Symptoms of poisoning include
Vomiting, sweating, nausea, headache
32
In a pesticide emergency call?
Rocky Mountain Poison and Drug Center
33
First Aid Treatment for Dermal Exposure?
Drench with running water for 10-15 minutes, call poison control
34
First Aid Treatment for Ocular Exposure?
Rinse eye for 15 minutes, call poison control
35
First Aid Treatment for Inhaled Exposure?
Move victim to fresh air, if unconscious, call for paramedic assistance. Call poison control
36
First Aid Treatment for Oral Exposure?
Read the label instructions and call poison control and get victim to the hospital. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING unless label or medical professional directs you to
37
Three C's of spill management?
Control, Contain, Clean it up
38
True/False: We should inform the public to bring pets inside during pesticide applications
True
39
What are the best times to apply pesticides to minimize risk and exposure?
Early morning, evening, night time
40
Tolerance
Maximum amount of pesticide residue considered safe
41
True/False: Pesticide drift can cause residues on crops?
True
42
True/False: Good public relations are necessary when making pesticide applications?
True
43
Professional relations require?
Technical competence, professional appearance, professional attitude, ability to identify and resolve problems, educational materials for distribution.
44
What is considered "the environment"
Air, soil, water, plants, animals. Everything around you.
45
Phytotoxicity
Injury to plants
46
How to reduce harm to natural enemies?
Use selective pesticides rather than broad spectrum pesticides
47
Bioaccumulation
Build up of toxin from feeding on plants/animals that have been exposed to pesticides
48
True/False: a pond is not an example of surface water
False
49
Leaching
Movement of pesticides through soil
50
Adsorption
Pesticide held strongly to soil and less likely to leach
51
True/False: Drift can cause illegal residues
True
52
Two types of drift?
Vapor and Particle
53
Factors Affecting Drift?
Droplet size, Pesticide Formulation, Application Equipment, Weather Conditions, Atmospheric Conditions
54
How to reduce drift?
Reduce sprayer pressure, Drift reducing nozzles, Spray discs with larger openings, Adjuvants, little to no wind, Calibrated equipment
55
Examples of drift hazards?
Illegal residues, bee kills, water contamination
56
Disease
Negative interaction between host and a pathogen
57
Vector
An animal, capable of transmitting a disease causing agent or parasite from one host to another. Example: Mosquito transmitting West Nile to a person.
58
Pathogen
A disease-causing organism
59
Host
The living plant or animal a pest depends on for survival. Any plant or animal which another lives for nourishment.
60
Vector Borne Disease
Illness caused by a pathogen that is transmitted by an insect or tick from an infected individual to a susceptible individual
61
Mechanical Transmission
When a vector transports an organism such as bacteria on its feet, body hairs, or other body surfaces to the host.
62
Biological Transmission
Disease-causing pathogen that moves from one host to another host. Ticks and insects are important vectors of biological transmission.
63
Obligatory Vectors
When a pathogen develops from one life cycle to another.
64
Reservoir hosts
When a host species harbors a disease causing pathogen without necessarily showing symptoms of the disease.
65
Vertical Transmission
Some vectors pass the disease to their offspring through eggs.
66
Anthorpod Vectors
Invertebrate animals, mosquitoes and ticks are the most notable. Exoskeleton, cold blooded, appendages that are jointed, segmented body.
67
Complete metamorphosis (four stages)
Egg, larba, pupa, and adult
68
Arachnid
Spiders, mites, ticks. Eight legs, usually two body regions, the head and cephalothorax
69
Mosquito-borne diseases
Malaria, dengue, yellow fever, encephalitis
70
Encephalitis
Inflammation of the brain, possibly spinal cord. St Louis Encephalitis and Western Equine Encephalitis both examples caused by infected mosquitoes
71
West Nile Virus
Usually caused by a bite from an infected mosquito. Mosquito becomes infected when they feed on infected birds. Bird would be the reservoir host, the mosquito the vector, the human the dead end host of the pathogen.
72
Fly-borne Diseases
Typhoid Fever, Myiasis
73
Flea Developmental Stages
Egg, Larvae, Pupae, Adults
74
IPM definition
Integrated Pest Management
75
What is IPM?
Combination of mechanical, biological, environmental, and chemical control methods.
76
Six steps successful public health pest control
1. Identify
2. Evaluate
3. Select best control strategy
4. Implement control strategy
5. Evaluate control - Eradication is not generally possible
6. Educate customer
77
Surveillance Methods
Surveillance is the detection of pests, species involved, their population, and location
78
Contact Insecticides
Only kill parts of the organism they contact
79
Systemic Insecticides
Move (translocate) from the site of application to another site where they become effective
80
Contact vs stomach poison
One kills on contact, on kills when consumed.
81
