public policy 8

Question 1

advocacy coalition framework

Answer 1

policy dynamics of conflict and struggle between advocacy coalitions within a specific policy subsystem

Question 2

policy belief system: deep core

Answer 2

fundamental values that are often implicit and apply to many policy areas

Question 3

policy belief system: policy core

Answer 3

values specific to a policy area

Question 4

policy belief system: secondary aspects

Answer 4

choice of instruments to achieve specific values and goals

Question 5

policy stability

Answer 5

the balance of power (resources, authority & information) between advocacy coalitions are stable

Question 6

policy changes: deep core

Answer 6

changes are unlikely, but can happen because of external pressures or fundamental changes in the system

Question 7

policy changes: policy core

Answer 7

changes in balance of power between advocacy coalition

Question 8

policy changes: secondary aspects

Answer 8

policy learning, feedback

Question 9

policy monopoly

Answer 9

incremental policy development within a stable policy subsystem

Question 10

policy punctuations

Answer 10

dramatic non-incremental turning points of policy rationality (destruction / construction of policy monopoly)

Question 11

policy stability

Answer 11

policy topics without major public and political attention

Question 12

incremental

Answer 12

gradual and marginal policy change

Question 13

non-incremental

Answer 13

disrupt stakeholders network & rapid and fundamental

Question 14

policy innovation

Answer 14

new policy in new area when new situations have emerged

Question 15

policy succession

Answer 15

replacement of a policy without changing the fundamental ideas

Question 16

policy maintenance

Answer 16

incrementalism, secondary adjustments to established policy

Question 17

policy termination

Answer 17

deconstruction of a policy, because it was successful, or because it doesn’t fit anymore / didn’t work / new regulations

Question 18

first order learning

Answer 18

learning focused on improving policy instruments (policy maintenance)

Question 19

second order learning

Answer 19

choice and selection of policy instruments (policy succession)

Question 20

third order learning

Answer 20

aims and priorities of policies (policy innovation or termination)

Question 21

powering

Answer 21

interest driven nature of policy making

Question 22

puzzling

Answer 22

finding & solving public problems

Question 23

reflective learning

Answer 23

open process where fundamental policy ideas are discussed

Question 24

epistemic learning

Answer 24

address fundamental ideas & learning promoted by certified actors

Question 25

learning through bargaining

Answer 25

high tractability and multiple actors are involved

Question 26

learning in the shadow of hierarchy

Answer 26

high tractability and high certification of actors

Question 27

comprehensive rationalist model

Answer 27

ignoring the complexity of problems

Question 28

single loop learning

Answer 28

most simple feedback, no search for causes

Question 29

double loop learning

Answer 29

more analytical of causes of problems

Question 30

epistemic communities

Answer 30

networks of experts in a particular domain, held together by a shared set of beliefs

Question 31

frame alignment

Answer 31

connecting frames to have a broader shared interpretation of situation and trigger collective action

Question 32

learning as critical frame reflection

Answer 32

role of researcher not to resolve policy controversies, but to help involved actors with reframing

Question 33

4 causes of path dependency

Answer 33

past policies define the today playing field, policies follow a historic sequence of events, group think & self-referentiality