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A4 Poultry Medicine > Abuke - De Leon > Flashcards

Abuke - De Leon Flashcards

(72 cards)

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1
Q

What is the typical mortality rate in young chickens infected with Salmonella Pullorum?

A

Very high (approaching 100%)

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2
Q

In adult chickens infected with Salmonella Pullorum, what is most frequently observed?

A

No clinical signs

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3
Q

Which of the following avian species is NOT mentioned as being susceptible to Salmonella Pullorum infection?
a) Guinea fowl
b) Ducks
c) Quail
d) Sparrows

A

Ducks

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4
Q

The primary route of vertical transmission for Salmonella Pullorum

A

Transovarian transmission

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5
Q

Transmission of Salmonella Pullorum between farms is primarily due to?

A

Poor biosecurity measures

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6
Q

What is a common clinical sign observed in young chickens (less than 4 weeks old) with Pullorum Disease?

A

Whitish fecal pasting around the vent

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7
Q

Survivors of Pullorum Disease in young birds often become?

A

Asymptomatic carriers with localized ovarian infection

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8
Q

A classic lesion observed in the internal organs of young birds with Pullorum Disease

A

Firm, cheesy material in the ceca (cecal cores

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9
Q

What type of material is often found in the ovarian follicles of adult carrier chickens with Pullorum Disease?

A

Caseous (cheesy) contents

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10
Q

The causative agent of Fowl Typhoid

A

Salmonella Gallinarum

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11
Q

Compared to Pullorum Disease in mature flocks, Fowl Typhoid has a:
a) Much lower tendency to spread
b) Similar tendency to spread
c) Much greater tendency to spread
d) No tendency to spread

A

Much greater tendency to spread

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12
Q

Common clinical signs in older birds with Fowl Typhoid

A

Pale appearance and dehydration

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13
Q

A characteristic lesion in older birds with Fowl Typhoid

A

Swollen, friable, and often bile-stained liver

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14
Q

National Poultry Improvement Plan testing procedure is used for the diagnosis of?

A

Pullorum Disease and Fowl Typhoid

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15
Q

Which of the following is a similarity between Pullorum Disease and Fowl Typhoid?
a) The causative agent is the same.
b) Mortality in older birds is typically very high.
c) Both can be egg-transmitted.
d) There are highly effective vaccines available in the USA for both.

A

Both can be egg-transmitted.

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16
Q

Pullorum disease was known as?

A

Bacillary white diarrhea

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17
Q

Pullorum vertically transmitted cause very high mortality rates in young chickens and turkeys within the first ____ weeks after hatching.

A

2–3

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18
Q

True or False: S Pullorum infection in mammals is rare, although experimental and natural infections have been reported.

A

True

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19
Q

Age of birds most commonly affected by S Pullorum

A

< 4 weeks old or younger

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20
Q

Describe some lesions seen in young birds affected by S Pullorum

A
  1. Unabsorbed yolk sacs
  2. Classic gray nodules in visceral organs
  3. Cecal cores
  4. Raised plaques in the mucosa of lower intestine
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21
Q

The localized infection of the ovary in asymptomatic carrier hens with Pullorum Disease can lead to?

A

Shedding of Salmonella Pullorum into the eggs.

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22
Q

The presence of “cecal cores” is more characteristic of the lesions seen in young birds with?

A

Pullorum Disease

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23
Q

Enlarged spleen and kidneys are more typically observed as gross lesions in?

A

Older birds with Fowl Typhoid

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24
Q

Unabsorbed yolk sacs are a characteristic lesion in?

A

Acute cases of Pullorum Disease in young birds

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25
The Avian Influenza virus belongs to which family?
Paramyxoviridae
26
The first detection of Avian Influenza during a poultry outbreak was in?
Hong Kong and China, 1997
27
The typical incubation period for Avian Influenza in chickens ranges from?
2-5 days
28
The two main types of surface proteins on the Avian Influenza virus
Hemagglutinin Neuraminidase
29
The main animal reservoir for Avian Influenza viruses
Aquatic birds
30
Infected birds can shed Avian Influenza A viruses in their?
Saliva, nasal secretions, and feces
31
In layers infected with LPAI, a common finding is?
Acute renal failure
32
The drop in egg production associated with EDS is typically in the range of?
10-40%
33
Minimal horizontal spread of EDSV occurs during which phase of the bird's life?
Growing phase
34
The virus responsible for Egg Drop Syndrome can be found internally and externally in eggs for how long post-infection?
2-3 weeks
35
Prevention of Egg Drop Syndrome primarily relies on?
Inactivated vaccines given to young hens
36
Is there a direct treatment available for Egg Drop Syndrome?
No treatment available
37
A common diagnostic test for Egg Drop Syndrome
Hemagglutination-inhibition test
38
Birds infected with EDS usually appear?
Healthy and active
39
Horizontal transmission of EDSV can occur via?
Droppings and contaminated eggs/trays
40
The main cause of classical Egg Drop Syndrome outbreaks
Vertical transmission
41
Reactivation of latent EDSV infection typically occurs during?
Peak lay
42
Following entry via the nasal mucosa, EDSV shows heavy growth in the _____
Pouch shell gland
43
The main poultry species affected by Egg Drop Syndrome
Laying hens
44
The natural hosts for Duck adenovirus 1 (EDSV)
Ducks and geese
45
Characteristics of abnormal eggs produced by hens with EDS
Thin-shelled, soft-shelled, or shell-less
46
Duck adenovirus 1 (EDSV) belongs to which genus?
Atadenovirus
47
Egg Drop Syndrome (EDS) is caused by?
Duck adenovirus 1 (EDSV)
48
Which of the following Avian Influenza strains has been circulating since 1997?
H5N1
49
Coccidiosis in poultry is primarily caused by parasites belonging to the genus
Eimeria
50
Which poultry species is most commonly affected by coccidiosis?
Chickens
51
Coccidia parasites primarily attach to and damage which part of the bird's body?
Intestinal lining
52
Coccidiosis is transmitted via ____
Fecal-oral route
53
Chickens become infected with coccidiosis by ingesting?
Oocysts
54
In the pathogenesis of coccidiosis, ingested oocysts release
Sporozoites
55
Asexual reproduction of Eimeria within intestinal cells is called
Schizogony
56
Sexual reproduction in the coccidia life cycle results in the formation of
Oocysts
57
A common clinical finding in coccidiosis, especially with E. tenella
Bloody diarrhea
58
Mycoplasmosis in poultry is primarily caused by Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) and?
Mycoplasma synoviae
59
Mycoplasma gallisepticum primarily causes which disease in chickens?
Chronic respiratory disease
60
Mycoplasma synoviae is associated with?
Infectious synovitis and eggshell abnormalities
61
A characteristic lesion in the acute form of Fowl Cholera
Petechial hemorrhages in the liver and spleen
62
A clinical sign commonly seen in the chronic form of Fowl Cholera in chickens
Swelling of the wattles
63
Diagnosis of Fowl Cholera often involves isolating Pasteurella multocida from?
Blood, liver, or spleen
64
Infectious Coryza in poultry is caused by the bacterium?
Avibacterium paragallinarum
65
Infectious Coryza primarily affects which part of the bird?
Upper respiratory tract
66
A characteristic clinical sign of Infectious Coryza
Facial swelling and nasal discharge
67
Transmission of Infectious Coryza mainly occurs through?
Direct contact with infected birds
68
A common lesion associated with Infectious Coryza
Mucosal inflammation in the nasal passages and sinuses
69
Bumblefoot in poultry is primarily associated with infection by which bacterium?
Staphylococcus aureus
70
A common risk factor for developing bumblefoot
Poor litter or flooring conditions
71
A characteristic clinical finding of bumblefoot
Swollen and abscessed area on the footpad
72
In severe cases, bumblefoot infection can spread to?
Joints (septic arthritis) or bones (osteomyelitis)

A4 Poultry Medicine (16 decks)

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