Pulmo

Question 1

Beneficial in reducing the burden of hospitalization because of pneumonia

Answer 1

Breastfeeding

Question 2

MC congenital anomaly of nose

Answer 2

Choanal atresia

Question 3

MC type of congenital midline nasal mass

Answer 3

Encephalocele

Question 4

Unilateral nasal discharge and obstruction should suggest

Answer 4

Foreign Body

Question 5

Deep red mucosa with subglottic swelling and subglottic narrowing or steeple sign in radiograph

Answer 5

Laryngotracheobronchitis

Question 6

Nasal polyps commonly arise from the

Answer 6

Ethmoidal sinus

Question 7

MC childhood cause of nasal polyposis

Answer 7

Cystic Fibrosis

Question 8

Antibiotic that has a significant effect on the size of polyps, nasal symptoms and mucosal and systemic markers of inflammation

Answer 8

Doxycycline

Question 9

MC cause of common colds

Answer 9

Rhinovirus

Question 10

May be given to patients with common colds within 24 hrs of onset to lessen the severity of symptoms

Answer 10

Zinc

Question 11

Symptom that comes first before rhinorrhea in common colds

Answer 11

Sore throat

Question 12

To reduce rhinorrhea in common colds, this anti-histamine maybe prescribed

Answer 12

Diphenhydramine

Question 13

MC complication of cold

Answer 13

Acute Otitis Media

Question 14

Sinus pneumatised at 4 yrs old

Answer 14

Maxillary

Question 15

Only accurate method of diagnosis of sinusitis

Answer 15

Sinus aspirate culture

Question 16

Acute Streptococcal Pharungitis is treated with

Answer 16

BPG 600,000 units once

Question 17

An upper airway obstruction that may have an afebrile state nontoxic with barking cough and stridor

Answer 17

Spasmodic Croup

Question 18

Tonsillectomy is indicated in patients with recurrent GAS pharyngitis, interval must at least be

Answer 18

=/> 7x in the previous year or =/> 5 in each of the preceding 2yr or =/> 3 in each of the previous 3 yr

Question 19

The typical presentation is that of a previously healthy adolescent or young adult with a history of recent pharyngitis who becomes acutely ill with fever, hypoxia, tachypnea, and respiratory distress

Answer 19

Lemierre disease

Question 20

Single aggregation of lymphoid tissue that occupies the space between the nasal septum and the posterior pharyngeal wall

Answer 20

Adenoids

Question 21

Most episodes of ATP is caused by

Answer 21

Virus

Question 22

The rapid unilateral enlargement of a tonsil, esp if accompanied by systemic signs of night sweats, fever, weight loss, and lymphadenopathy, is highly suggestive of a

Answer 22

Tonsillar malignancy

Question 23

MC cause of recurrent cough in children

Answer 23

Reactive airway disease

Question 24

A cough that lasted for weeks with harsh, honking, or barking quality that disappears with sleep or with distraction

Answer 24

Habit cough

Question 25

Cherry epiglottis and arytenoepiglottic swelling and thumb sign

Answer 25

Epiglottitis

Question 26

Causes recurrent stridor in children

Answer 26

Croup

Question 27

MC cause of laryngotracheobronchitis

Answer 27

Parainfluenza

Question 28

MC cause of bacterial tracheitis

Answer 28

Staphylococcus aureus

Question 29

MC cause of acute epiglottitis

Answer 29

H influenza

Question 30

Infectious airway obstruction may be toxic with high grade fever, brassy cough, stridor, hoarseness, neck pain with no drooling and dysphagia

Answer 30

Bacterial Tracheitis

Question 31

MC congenital laryngeal anomaly

Answer 31

Laryngomalacia

Question 32

MC cause of stridor in infants and children

Answer 32

Laryngomalacia

Question 33

Most serious complication of foreign body aspiration

Answer 33

Complete obstruction of the airway

Question 34

MC of airway obstruction requiring tracheostomy in infants

Answer 34

Laryngotracheal stenosis

Question 35

MC cause of chronic hoarseness in children

Answer 35

Vocal nodules

Question 36

MC respiratory tract neoplasm in children

Answer 36

Papillomas

Question 37

Bronchiolitis obliterans often occur in children after respiratory infection caused by

Answer 37

Adenovirus

Question 38

Consists of hamartomatous or dysplastic lung tissue mixed with more normal lung, generally confined to 1 lobe

Answer 38

Congenital pulmonary airway malformation

Question 39

Pathophysiology of Pulmonary edema

Answer 39

Inc. pulmonary capillary pressure, Inc. capillary permeability, Lymphatic insufficiency

Question 40

Leading cause of death globally among children younger than 5 yr, accounting for an estimated 1.2M deaths annually

Answer 40

Pneumonia

Question 41

MC cause of pneumonia in neonates less than 3 weeks

Answer 41

GBS

Question 42

MC cause of pneumonia in 3 weeks to 3 mos old

Answer 42

RSV

Question 43

Cause of interstitial pneumonia with necrosis of the tracheobronchial mucosa, formation of large amount of exudate, edema, and local hemorrhage with extension into the interalveolar septa and involvement of lymphatic vessels and inc likelihood of pleural involvement

Answer 43

Group A streptococcus

Question 44

Most consistent manifestation of pneumonia

Answer 44

Tachypnea

Question 45

Clinical manifestation of lower lobe pneumonia

Answer 45

Abdominal pain

Question 46

MC complaints of in patients with bronchiectasis

Answer 46

Cough and production of copious purulent sputum

Question 47

Major cause of severe chronic lung disease in children

Answer 47

Cystic Fibrosis

Question 48

Is the incomplete expansion or complete collapse of airbearing tissue, resulting from obstruction of air intake into the alveolar sacs

Answer 48

Atelectasis

Question 49

Organism that may cause multiple areas of atelectasis

Answer 49

RSV

Question 50

MC cause of pleural effusion in children

Answer 50

Bacterial Pneumonia

Question 51

Aim of empyema treatment

Answer 51

to sterilize pleural fluid to restore normal lung function

Question 52

Treatment of Empyema

Answer 52

systematic antibiotics, thoracentesis, chest tube drainage initially with a fibrinolytic agent and VATS

Question 53

Patient presented initially with this symptoms may be evaluated for possible presence of pneumonia

Answer 53

Cough and respiratory difficulty

Question 54

Pneumonia may be considered if any of the ff positive predictors of radiographic pneumonia is present

Answer 54

Tachypnea, Chest wall retractions in a patient aged 3 mos to 5 yrs and Fever, wheezing, dec BS, nasal flaring, cyanosis, crackles or localized chest findings at any age

Question 55

CXR may be requested to determine the presence of pneumonia in these situations

Answer 55

Dehydration in px aged 3mos to 5 yrs and high index of clinical suspicion

Question 56

May be requested at initial site of care for pneumonia

Answer 56

Gram stain

Question 57

For PCAP C and PCAP D, the following diagnostic aids may be requested at the initial site of care

Answer 57

ABGs, CRP and Chest UTZ

Question 58

Predictive marker for mortality

Answer 58

pH in ABG fro metabolic acidosis

Question 59

Antiviral therapy for suspected or laboratory confirmed influenza virus causing pneumonia to reduce time of symptoms resolution

Answer 59

Oseltamivir

Question 60

Clinical stability for PCAP A and PCAP B may be assessed within 24-48 hrs after consultation if

Answer 60

cough has improved or body temp has returned to normal

Question 61

How many hours will you monitor px diagnosed with PCAP A and PCAP B for response to current treatment

Answer 61

24 hours