Pulmonary hypoplasia

Question 1

causes of Pulmonary hypoplasia

Answer 1

Causes include
oligohydramnios
congenital diaphragmatic hernia

Question 2

What is Pulmonary hypoplasia

Answer 2

a term used for newborn infants with underdeveloped lungs

Question 3

You are asked to speak to a family who have just received a diagnosis of pulmonary hypoplasia on fetal MRI. Which of the following conditions is the most common cause of pulmonary hypoplasia?

Polyhydramnios
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia
Diaphragm agenesis
Tetralogy of Fallot
Osteogenesis imperfecta

Answer 3

Pulmonary hypoplasia in CDH occurs alongside the hernial development rather than as a direct result of it, as part of a sequence
Important for meLess important
Infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) have associated pulmonary hypoplasia. This is not necessarily due to direct compression of the lung by herniated viscera but rather occurs as part of a sequence alongside the hernial development.

Oligohydramnios, rather than polyhydramnios, leads to pulmonary hypoplasia. It is believed that oligohydramnios decreases the size of the intrathoracic cavity, thus preventing foetal lung growth.

Diaphragm agenesis, tetralogy of Fallot and osteogenesis imperfecta are all less common causes of pulmonary hypoplasia.