Pulmonary Rehabilitation Flashcards
(46 cards)
What is the Background on the article on the key concepts and advances in pulmonary rehabilitation?
- Pulmonary rehabilitation core component of management of Chronic Respiratory Disease
- Considerable growth in our knowledge of COPD since 2006
What is the conclusion of the article on the key concepts and advances in pulmonary rehabilitation?
- Considerable growth in the science and application of pulmonary rehabilitation since 2006
- Adds support for efficacy in wide range of individuals with chronic respiratory disease
What is Pulmonary Rehabilitation?
- comprehensive intervention based on a thorough patient assessment followed by patient-tailored therapies
What is involved in Pulmonary Rehabilitation?
- exercise training
- education
- behavioral changes
What has Pulmonary Rehabilitation demonstrated for patients with COPD?
- reduce dyspnea
- increase exercise capacity
- improve quality of life
What are the variety of forms of exercise training used in Pulmonary Rehabilitation?
- Interval Training
- Strength Training
- Upper Limb Training
- Transcutaneous neuromuscular electrical stimulation
What do COPD patients with a lesser degree of airflow limitation experience when they participate in Pulmonary Rehabilitation?
improvements
- symptoms
- exercise tolerance
- quality of life
What does the commencement of exercise rehabilitation during acute or critical COPD do?
- Reduce extent of functional decline
- Hastens Recovery
What may impact the effectiveness of pulmonary rehabilitation?
- symptoms of anxiety
- Depression
What are the goals of Pulmonary Rehabilitation?
- Minimizing Symptoms Burden
- Maximizing Exercise Performance
- Promoting Autonomy
- Increasing participation in everyday activities
- Enhancing (health-related) quality of life
- Effecting long-term health-enhancing behaviour change
What are the multifactorial origins of Exertional Dyspnea?
- Peripheral Muscle Dysfunction
- Consequence of Dynamic Hyperinflation
- Increased Respiratory Load
- Defective Gas Exchange
What are exercise limitations in COPD patients aggravated by?
- age-related decline
- physical deconditioning
- presence of comorbid conditions
How does Improvement in Skeletal Muscle Function after exercise training lead to gains in exercise capacity despite absence of changes in lung function?
- Improved oxidative capacity
- Improved Efficiency of the skeletal muscles lead to reduced ventilatory requirement for submaximal work rate
- Reduce dynamic hyperinflation, lowers dyspnea
What does exercise intolerance in individuals with Chronic respiratory disease result from?
- Ventilatory constraints
- Pulmonary gas exchange abnormalities
- Peripheral Muscle Dysfunction
- Cardiac Dysfunction
- Combination of above
What might anxiety, depression, and poor motivation lead to?
- Exercise Intolerance
- Direct association has not been established
In COPD, the ventilatory requirements are higher than expected. Why?
- Increased work of breathing
- Increased Dead Space Ventilation
- Impaired Gas Exchange
- Increase Ventilatory Demand as a Consequence of deconditioning and peripheral muscle dysfunction
What adds to the limitation to maximal ventilation during exercise in people with COPD?
- Expiratory airflow obstruction
- dynamic hyperinflation
What intensifies the sense of dyspnea?
Increased
- work of breathing
- load
-mechanical constraints on respiratory muscle
How does Hypoxia directly/indirectly increase pulmonary ventilation?
Directly
- augmenting peripheral chemoreceptor output indirectly
- through stimulation of lactic acid production
How does the buffering of Lactate create a gas exchange limitation?
- increase in CO2 production and acidosis stimulates the carotid bodies
What does supplemental O2 therapy during exercise do for people with COPD? How? Leads to?
Do
- higher intensity training
How
- Decrease in pulmonary artery pressure
- carotid body inhibition
- Decrease in lactate production
Leads to
- Decrease in respiratory rate
- reduction in dynamic hyperinflation
What is the main way the cardiovascular system is affected by chronic respiratory disease?
- increase in right ventricular afterload
What contributes to cardiac limitations in people with Chronic Respiratory Disease?
- Elevated pulmonary vascular resistance from hypoxic vasoconstriction
- Vascular Injury and/or Remodeling
- Increased Effective Pulmonary Vascular Resistance Due to Erythrocytosis
How does Exercise Training improve cardiac limitations in people with COPD?
- improvements in cardiovascular function
