Pulse Crops

Question 1

Legume family latin name

Answer 1

Fabaceae

Question 2

Fruit type of Fabaceae

Answer 2

Legume

Question 3

Life cycle of all grain legumes

Answer 3

Grown as annual crops

Question 4

Fabaceae roots

Answer 4

Usually taproots
-some perennials develop rhizomes

Question 5

Rhizomes

Answer 5

-underground stems
-permit plant to spread laterally below ground
-acts as organs of perennation for herbaceous perennials

Question 6

Fabaceae typical leaves

Answer 6

Usually:
-alternate and compound
-stipules
-tendrils in several species

Question 7

Tendrils

Answer 7

Modified leaflets for support in climbing

Question 8

Fabaceae typical stems

Answer 8

-usually erect
-a few species =twining
-others may be prostrate with creeping stems (stolons or runners that can root at the nodes)

Question 9

Fabaceae family inflorescence types

Answer 9

Most commonly racemes
-spikes, compressed racemes, simple umbels also found

Question 10

Fabaceae flower characteristics

Answer 10

1. Five-pointed calyx tube
   -five sepals fused at bases, tips separate
2. Irregular corolla composed of five petals
   -standard, wings, keel
3. Androecium of 10 stamens
4. Gynoecium =single pistil

Question 11

Petals of the irregular corolla of Fabaceae flowers

Answer 11

Standard: uppermost, larger, broader

Wings: two later petals, below standard and two sides of flower

Keel: two petals fused together, bottom of flower, V-shaped structure, encloses stamens and pistil

Question 12

Monadelphous stamen arragement

Answer 12

Filaments all fused to form a tube

Question 13

Diadelphous stamen arrangement

Answer 13

-Nine of the the ten stamens have filaments fused to form a tube
-Single stamen has distinct filament not fused to others

Question 14

Fabaceae specialization/adaptation for insect pollination

Answer 14

-insect tries to obtain nectar from inside keel
-trips the flower
-pistil surrounded by stamens pops up out of keel
-brushes pollen onto insect
-next tripped flower’s pistil hits the insect

Question 15

Which annual Fabaceae species do not produce nectar and self-pollinate?

Answer 15

Peas, lentils, dry beans

Question 16

What gives the Fabaceae family its common name?

Answer 16

Its fruit —> legume pods

Question 17

Process of legume pod formation

Answer 17

-after flowering
-petals and stamens wither and drop off
-calyx persits
-ovary develops —> forms legume

Question 18

Legume (fruit) basic structure

Answer 18

-two valves —>enclose one to many seeds
-seeds attached to a placenta along upper suture of pod
-when dry and ripe —> opens from apex to base along the two sutures that join the valves

Question 19

Field pea latin name

Answer 19

Pisum sativum

Question 20

Pisum sativum common name

Answer 20

Field pea

Question 21

Pisum sativum general crop characteristics

Answer 21

-cool season crop
-can grwo in brown, dark brown, black, grey soil zones