Pulsed Echo Instrumentation

Question 1

Ultra sound systems contain these six major components

Answer 1

Transducer, pulser and beam former receiver, display, storage, master synchronizer

Question 2

During transmission this transforms electrical energy into acoustic energy. During reception this converts the returning acoustic energy into electrical energy.

Answer 2

Transducer

Question 3

Creates and controls The electrical signals sent to the transducer that generate sound pulses.

Answer 3

Pulser and beam former 

Question 4

Transforms electrical signals from the transducer produced by the reflected sound into a form suitable for display

Answer 4

Receiver

Question 5

Presents processed data

Answer 5

Display

Question 6

Archives the ultrasound studies

Answer 6

Storage

Question 7

Maintains and organizes the proper timing and interaction of the systems components

Answer 7

Master synchronizer

Question 8

When signal to noise ratio is high the signal is much ___ then the noise

Answer 8

Higher

Question 9

Increasing output power also increases

Answer 9

Signal to noise ratio

Question 10

The most common way to improve the signal to noise ratio

Answer 10

Increase output power

Question 11

The order of receiver operations

Answer 11

Amplification, compensation, compression demodulation, reject


Question 12

Amplification is also called

Answer 12

Receiver gain

Question 13

The process of improving the quality of a signal before it is amplified. Occurs within the transducer itself


Answer 13

Pre-amplification 

Question 14

What creates an image that is uniformly bright from top to bottom

Answer 14

Compensation

Question 15

Echoes arising from greater depths are what because sound beams attenuate the farther they travel

Answer 15

Weaker

Question 16

Compensation is also known as

Answer 16

Time gain compensation, depth gain compensation, and swept gain

Question 17

Within the five receiver functions what is not adjustable

Answer 17

Demodulation

Question 18

What changes the gray scale characteristics of the image

Answer 18

Compression

Question 19

Humans can distinguish approximately how many shades of Gray

Answer 19

20

Question 20

Other names for compression

Answer 20

Log compression or dynamic range

Question 21

Changes the form of the electrical signal so that it is appropriate for the systems display

Answer 21

 Demodulation

Question 22

2 parts in demodulation

Answer 22

Rectification and smoothing

Question 23

Converts all negative voltages into positive voltages

Answer 23

Rectification

Question 24

Controls whether low level gray scale info within the data will appear in the displayed image

Answer 24

Reject

Question 25

Synonyms for reject

Answer 25

Threshold or suppression

Question 26

If image is too bright adjust the

Answer 26

Output power

Question 27

If image is too dark adjust the

Answer 27

receiver gain

Question 28

The depth of the tgc in which it begins is known as

Answer 28

Delay

Question 29

At the depth of this in tgc, reflections are maximally compensated by the us system

Answer 29

Knee

Question 30

At superficial depths, reflection undergo a smal constant amount of compensation called

Answer 30

Near gain

Question 31

Maximum amount of compensation that the receiver can provide

Answer 31

Far gain

Question 32

Compression synonyms

Answer 32

Log compression and dynamic range

Question 33

Reject synonyms

Answer 33

Threshold and suppression