What has to be activated in order for Purines to be made de novo?
ribose 5-phosphate
IMP is formed from what 5 contributing groups?
Aspartate, Glycine, Glutamine, Formate, and Bicarb ion
Ribose 5-phosphate is converted to what in Purine synthesis?
IMP
IMP can be salvaged from what two ribonucleotides?
adenine and guanine
IMP to GMP requires what?
1 ATP
IMP to AMP requires what?
1 GTP
What is the nitrogen donor in the conversion of IMP to GMP?
Glutamine –> be careful, don’t confuse with glutamate
What is the nitrogen donor in the conversion of IMP to AMP?
Aspartate
ATP induces what in GMP production?
Increases GMP prod.
GTP production increases what?
AMP
Purines can be salvaged from what interconversions?
free bases, nucelosides, and nucleotides
In Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, a person is defective in what pathway?
Purine salvage
In Lesch-Nyhan syndrome purines are converted to what substance?
Uric acid
Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency is a deficiency in what pathway?
Purine salvage
Adenosine deaminase is used in the conversion of adenosine into what?
Inosine
Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency causes what?
Bubble Boy syndrome
The body isn’t able to produce T or B cells
In purine synthesis, the base is made when?
While ATTACHED to sugar
In pyrimidine synthesis, the base is made when?
It is made BEFORE it is attached to sugar
Pyrimidine synthesis is inhibited by what?
UTP
The source of nitrogen for pyrimidine synthesis comes from what?
Glutamine
Pyrimidine synthesis uses what regulation enzyme that resembles the urea cycle?
CPSII
Deoxyribonucleotides are synthesized from what?
ribonucleotides
Are purines more likely to be degraded or salvaged?
salvaged
Purines are broken down to what substance?
uric acid
Gout is a problem associated with what pathway?
Purine degradation
What can be labeled in order to determine if a patient has gout?
Glycine
Orotic aciduria is a problem with 2 defective enzymes that stop the production of what?
UMP
When levels of ATP is high, what happens?
GMP is produced
When levels of GTP are high, what happens?
AMP is produced
Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT) is used in what pathway?
purine salvage pathway
PRPP causes an increase in what pathway?
Purine and Pyrimidine synthesis
