PVN - Definitions Flashcards by Morgan Monaghan

Abdominal respiration

Belly/deep breathing by contracting the diaphragm

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Anuria

No/little urine

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Apnoea

Temporarily stopping breathing, especially during sleep

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Bradycardia

Slow heart rate

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Cheyne-Stokes

A specific form of periodic breathing (waxing/waning amplitude)

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Conjunctivitis

An inflammation of the conjunctiva in the eye, often caused by infection

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Coprophagia

The eating of faeces

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Cyanosis

Bluish colour in the skin, lips and nail beds (or mucus membrane in gums of animals)

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Dyschezia

Constipation (difficultly emptying the bowels)

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Dysuria

Painful or difficult urination

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Emesis

The action/process of vomiting

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Epiphora

Excessive watering of the eye

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Epistaxis

Nasal bleeding of any cause

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Faecal tenesmus

Feeling the need to pass stools even though bowels are already empty

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Haematemesis

Vomiting of blood

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Haematochezia

Passing fresh blood usually in or within stools

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Haematuria

Passing blood in urine

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Haemoptysis

Coughing up blood

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Hyperaemia

Excess of blood in the vessels supplying an organ or other part of the body

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Icteric

The yellowing colour from jaundice

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Melaena

Dark sticky faces containing partly digested blood (internal bleeding or swallowing of blood)

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Mucoid

Involving, resembling, or of the nature of mucus

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Mucopurulent

Containing both mucus and pus

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Oliguria

Low urinary output (less than 400ml per day/20 ml per hour)

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Orthopnoea

Shortness of breath while lying flat, relieved by sitting or standing

Otitis

Inflammation of the ear

Packed Cell Volume

A measurement of the proportion of blood that is made up of cells

Paradoxial respiration

Breathing movements in which the chest wall moves in on inspiration and out on expiration (Reverse of normal)

Pollikuria

Urinating frequently but in little amounts

Polycythaemia

An increase in the absolute red blood cell (RBC) mass in the body

Polyuria

Large urine output

Pulse deficit

When the heart beats faster than the palpable pulse felt at distal and apical pulses

Purulent

Consisting of, containing, or discharging pus

Pyrexia

A fever (raised body temperature)

Pyuria

Pus in the urine

Regurgitation

The action of bringing swallowed food up again to the mouth

Respiration

The action of breath

Rhinitis

Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose caused by a virus infection

Sanguineous

Resembling or containing blood

Sepsis

Body’s extreme response to an infection

Seropurulent

Composed of or containing both serum and pus

Serous

Resembling or producing serum

Specific gravity

A measure of the density of a substance in comparison to the density of water

Steatorrhea

An increase in fat excretion in the stools

Stercoraceous

Consisting of or resembling faeces

Stranguria

Slow painful urination or straining to pass urine

Stridor

Variable, high-pitched respiratory sound that can be assessed during breathing (abnormal flow of air in the airways)

Tachycardia

Faster than normal heart rate

Tachypnoea

Faster than normal respiratory rate

Vasoconstriction

The constriction of blood vessels, which increases blood pressure

Vasodilation

The dilation of blood vessels which decreases blood pressure

Hypoxia

Deficiency in oxygen

Hyperthermia

An abnormally high body temperature (41+)

Hypothermia

An abnormally low temperature (36-)

Idiopathic

Used to describe a condition for which the cause is unknown

Hypertension

High blood pressure

Hypotension

Low blood pressure

Systolic blood pressure

The pressure when the heart is contracting

Diastolic blood pressure

The pressure when the heart is between contractions

Cessation

Ending or stopping

Cystitis

Inflammation of the bladder tissues

Nocturia

Urinating overnight

Gastritis

Inflammation of the stomach lining

Enteritis

Inflammation of the lining of the intestines

Gastroenteritis

Inflammation of the stomach and intestines

Syncope

Fainting

Lethargy

A lack of energy or willingness to interact

Malaise

A general sense of feeling unwell with no immediately obvious cause

Anorexia

A loss of appetite

Dysphagia

Difficulty eating or swallowing

Pica

A depraved appetite resulting in the consumption of non-food items/materials

Gait

The way in which an animal moves

Ataxia

Uncoordinated movements

Lameness

Unable to walk without difficulty. Degree of lameness is often measured on a scale of 1-10

Hemiplegia

Paralysis of one side of the body

Pseudocyesis

False/phantom pregnancy

Blepharospasm

Keeping the eye closed, or blinking very rapidly