Q+A Content Flashcards
(38 cards)
When did the Asch test take place?
1951
What was Asch’s study testing?
Conformity
How many participants were in Asch study?
123 American males
How many confederates with one participant?
6-8
How was Asch line task set out?
1 standard line and 3 comparison lines and participant was asked which comparison line matched the standard
What did Asch find?
Participant gave wrong answer 36% of the time. Overall 75% of the participants conformed at least once. After being interviewed many said they conformed to avoid rejection
How did group size affect conformity?
With 3 confederates, conformity was at 31.8% but more made little difference
How did unanimity affect conformity?
A confederate was used who went against the others. Dissenting confederate reduced conformity by a quarter
How did task difficulty affect conformity?
Conformity increased when the lines became of a similar length making the task harder
What was the name of Zimbardos study?
Stanford Prison Experiment
Where was the SPE set up?
Took place in the basement of the psychology department at Stanford University
When was the STP?
1973
How did they get participants in the SPE?
Places were advertised and people volunteered
How were participants assigned roles in the SPE?
Participants were randomly assigned roles of guards or prisoners
How was the realism heightened in the SPE?
Prisoners were arrested at home, blindfolded and strip-searched, issued a number and uniform
What were the main findings of the SPE?
Study stopped after 6 days instead of 14 as guards behaviour became a threat to the prisoners.
Within 2 days the prisoners rebelled against the guards but guards harassed the prisoners and shut them down.
After, prisoners became depressed and some had to leave as they show psychological impacts
What were the conclusions of the SPE?
Everyone conformed to their social roles and the simulation revealed the power of the situation on people behaviour
Who and when did an experiment into obedience?
Milgram, 1963
Who were Milgram participants?
40 males aged between 20-50
How did Milgram recruit his participants?
Through adverts and flyers
Who was present at Milgrams experiment?
A confederate who was Mr Wallace acted as the ‘learner’
True participant was the ‘teacher’
Confederate as an ‘experiementer’
How did Milgrams study happen?
The learner was strapped into a chair
Teacher gave increasing electric shock every time learner got an answer wrong
Shock level went from 15V to top 450V
What prods were given forth experimenter to the participant?
Prod 1- Please continue
Prod 2- The experiment requires that you continue
Prod 3- It is absolutely essential that you continue
Prod 4- You have no other choice, you must go on
What did Milgram find?
None of the participants topped below 300V
12.5% stopped at 300V
65% continued to 450V
Participants were observed to be sweating and showing extreme signs of tension
