Q2

Question 1

Blood flow influenced by (3)

Answer 1

cardiac function
elasticity of walls
respiration

Question 2

T/F the number of times the heart contracts per min is HR

Answer 2

true

Question 3

laminar flow can be described as (3)

Answer 3

• fluid flows in parallel layers
• smooth flow pattern
• observed in normal vessels

Question 4

T/F bernouli effect describes a drop in pressure ______ a hemodynamically significant stenosis

Answer 4

distal to

Question 5

During inspiration all the following occurs (3)

Answer 5

• intra-abdo pressure increases
• venous valves in legs close
• blood flow in peripheral vessels reduced

NOT intrathoracic pressure increases

Question 6

During expiration all the following occurs (3)

Answer 6

• intra-abdo pressure decreases

- pressure gradient

Question 7

Valsalva maneuver is useful to diagnose

Answer 7

incompetent venous valves

Question 8

Physiologically blood flow is principally determined by

Answer 8

BP and vascular resistance

Question 9

t/f respiratory movements aid in moving venous blood towards heart

Answer 9

true

Question 10

Facts about the muscular venous pump (3)

Answer 10

• muscular pump squeezes veins and propels blood forward
• calf/thigh muscles aid in propelling blood toward the heart
• there is enough of a pressure gradient to ensure venous return at

NOT TWO WAY VALVES

Question 11

as a pressure wave propagates through an artery, which of the following arteries (systolic pressure and mean pressure)

Answer 11

systolic pressure increase

mean pressure decrease

Question 12

Peripheral resistance controlled at which level of vasc system

Answer 12

arterioles

Question 13

T/F The longer the vessel length, the greater the resistance encountered and greater the BP

Answer 13

True

Question 14

A critical stenosis defined as narrowing of the arterial lumen resulting in a hemodynamically significant reduction in: (3)

Answer 14

Volume
Pressure
Flow

Question 15

Characteristics of venous flow include all of the following (3)

Answer 15

phasicity
spontaneity
augmentation

NOT resistance

Question 16

Which has the most profound effect on resistance to flow

Answer 16

viscosity

Question 17

Polycythemia facts (3)

Answer 17

• condition of elevation hematocrit
• higher blood viscosity
• increases the work of the heart and can impair organ perfusion

Question 18

Flow pattern in pt with normal vessels change during exercise

Answer 18

it will become lower resistant

Question 19

T/F augmentation is a maneuver that aids in determining if a pt has an obstruction in a peripheral vein

Answer 19

True

Question 20

The frequency of the transducer influences (3)

Answer 20

image resolution
usable image depth
doppler shift

NOT angle correct (answer)

Question 21

using angle correct at 60 degrees is necessary for all the following to occur (3)

Answer 21

• reliability between scans
• accurate PSV measurements
• accurate ratio measurements

NOT measuring venous flow

Question 22

T/F regarding spectrum analyzer, if angle correction is applied, the spectrum will not represent the range of velocity the sample volume

Answer 22

false

It WILLL represent the range of velocity

Question 23

t/f colour doppler is not helpful in diagnosing stenotic zones

Answer 23

FALSE (question is “which of the following is not true regarding colour dop”)

Question 24

t/f As the frequency increases, so does the resolution, but the depth of penetration decreases

Answer 24

True

Question 25

to improve colour flow image, which is the LEAST useful (1)

Answer 25

use a straight box

Question 26

t/f the PRF toggle should be used to decrease the colour velocity scale when colour aliasing is seen in a normal vessel

Answer 26

False

Question 27

t/f the PRF toggle can be used to increase doppler velocity scale when aliasing occurs within a stenosis

Answer 27

true

Question 28

cosine of an angle of insonation at 90 degrees is

Answer 28

0

Question 29

spectral aliasing is caused by all of the following (3) | and except

Answer 29

- velocity scale too small - baseline too high - PRF set too low EXCEPT - doppler gain too high

Question 30

t/f the colour bar indicated the range of frequencies in a spectrum

Answer 30

true

Question 31

an oversized colour box affects all of the following (3) | and except

Answer 31

decreases the resolution decreases the colour fill-in of the vessels decreases the frame rate EXCEPT increases the frame rate

Question 32

t/f using a venous setting while scanning the carotid arteries will affect the colour image quality due to a colour velocity scale that is set too high

Answer 32

false

Question 33

colour "bleeding into the tissues" outside the vessel can be corrected by

Answer 33

decreasing the colour gain

Question 34

advantages of using power doppler include all of the following (3) and EXCEPT

Answer 34

- there is no aliasing - there is angle independent - distinguishes between pre-occlusive from occlusive lesions EXCEPT increase sensitivity to high velocity states