Q2 - islamic medicine and surgery Flashcards
What structure do you use for this question?
Short term PEE and long-term PEE - Point evidence and explanation
How to answer the question
At the time how did it affect people, how many people, how widespread was it. The same for later on
How did Christians come into contact with Islamic medical texts?
They fought wars with the Muslims called the crusades
What was a similarity between the Christians and the Muslims at the time
They both had religion as a controlling factor within medicine, both believed that illness/disease were sent from God.
They both didn’t permit the dissection of bodies, Both thought that appealing to their God was one of the best ways to cure disease
A difference between Christians and Muslims at the time
For illness Christians would pray and repent but in Islam the Hadith - the religious book - taught them to use medicine.
Built upon Greek/Roman medical texts, Continued to use clinical observation, the doctors understood the importance of hygiene
One thing that the Muslims invented
Distillation to make drugs and prepare an anaesthetic
Three famous Arab doctors
Avicenna, rhazes, Ibn al-Nafis
Did the Islamic medical ideas spread fast after the Christians had found them?
No, it spread slowly
What did Rhazes do?
Wrote around 200 medical works, used a mix of both cultures, the 1st to notice that fever was a natural impulse for the body to heal itself also the 1st to consider allergies and to diagnose hayfever
What was rhazes book called
El Hawi
Avicennas books name and what happened to it
The canon of medicine, formed with some ideas of Galen and Hippocrates, circulated in the West, used as a medicine textbook into the 17th century A.D. throughout Europe - IMPORTANT LONG TERM IMPACT
Ibn al-Nafis anatomical discovery
He discovered how blood was circulated through the heart which disproved Galen’s theory, highly Revered in medicine which altered the discipline of surgery
What did Abulcasis write was the most important thing for a surgeon to do?
To prepare fully - knowing the cause of the illness, where everything is and the form of surgery to reduce the risk of death
What bettered the muslims in surgery?
They had better anaesthetics and better anatomical knowledge, though most surgery was a last resort in Islam
What did one hospital in Cairo do?
They gave patients money to allow them to rest before returning to work, charity was very important to Islam
