Q4 Flashcards
(16 cards)
T or F
NAAQS stands for National Ambient Air Quality Standards
T
T or F
Wildland firefighting resources are typed. The larger the type (5 vs. 2), the more capable the resource
false
T or F
Smoke issues should drive the planning for a prescribed fire
False
One approach to manage the effects of wildland fire smoke on air quality is to reduce smoke emissions. Which of the following are ways to reduce emissions?
reduce area burned
use mosaic burning
use mechanical removal
burn smaller units
reduce area burned
use mosaic burning
use mechanical removal
burn smaller units
Class 1 Airsheds have special management requirements for dealing with smoke. This special status means managers have to do the following:
improve the 20% worst days of air quality
not impair the 20% worst days
Check in with the state air
quality assessors for each fire (AZ DEQ)
Submit plans with the air quality assessors to be approved
improve the 20% worst days of air quality
T or F
The WUI has decreased over the last 20 years.
False
Which characteristics below are a description of an Intermixed WUI?
Homes and structures are mingled with wildland vegetation
farms or rural cabins
homes and suburbs press against wildland vegetation
new suburban development in wildland vegetation
Homes and structures are mingled with wildland vegetation
farms or rural cabins
What are some challenges in fighting wildfire in the WUI?
wildland fire fighters are not trained for urban firefighting
regular household items release toxins when burning
fire behavior is erratic
most of the money for fighting wildfire is not spent in the WUI
wildland fire fighters are not trained for urban firefighting
regular household items release toxins when burning
fire behavior is erratic
What are two things a homeowner can do to reduce their wildfire risk? How or why does each item help?
Two things that a homeowner can do to reduce their wildfire risk is to replace mesh vents with 1/8 steel mesh and they could also clean their gutters. Replacing mesh vents helps to keep embers out of the house because with the 1/8 steel mesh it does not allow embers inside. Cleaning the gutters gets rid of flammable material.
What are reasons to use prescribed fire over mechanical treatments?
There is a limited market for small diameter wood
Rx fire cost is typically lower than mechanical treatments
Treating the crown fuels is more important that treating the surface fuels
Fire is a natural process that has beneficial effects
There is a limited market for small diameter wood
Rx fire cost is typically lower than mechanical treatments
Fire is a natural process that has beneficial effects
Which two documents are critical for prescribed fire planning?
Interagency Prescribed Fire Guide
Interagency Prescribed Fire Plan Template
National Wildfire Coordinating Group (NWCG) Handbook
The Incident Responder’s Pocket Guide (IRPG)
Interagency Prescribed Fire Guide
Interagency Prescribed Fire Plan Template
Which of the items below are key to prescribed fire planning?
Know the area you plan to burn, look at it.
Create complex boundaries to get perfect effects
Use natural features to your advantage
Increase complexity
Know the area you plan to burn, look at it.
Use natural features to your advantage
Which of the following is considered a fuel treatment?
Prescribed Fire
Mastication/Mulching
Thinning from below
Pile burning
Prescribed Fire
Mastication/Mulching
Thinning from below
Pile burning
In which of the following vegetation types does fuel management for fire hazard reduction align with ecological restoration? (Hint: Think about fire regimes too)
Ponderosa Pine
Southern Califiornia Chaparral
Lodgepole pine
Dry Mixed Conifer
Ponderosa Pine
Dry Mixed Conifer
When are fuel treatments NOT effective?
When the surface fuels have been dealt with
When slash is left on the ground
When masticated fuels are 9 inches deep
When ladder fuels are not reduced
When slash is left on the ground
When masticated fuels are 9 inches deep
When ladder fuels are not reduced
Allowing a naturally occurring wildfire to burn to meet resource objectives (aka. a managed fire, wildland fire use or prescribed natural fire) can be more efficient or easier to accomplish than lighting that same area using prescribed fire. Select statements below that contribute to this.
A wildfire does not require NEPA planning
A wildfire does not require monitoring
A wildfire is not subject to the same regulatory constraints as prescribed fire (Smoke, Wildlife and Archeological coordination)
A wildfire does not require a fire organization.
A wildfire does not require NEPA planning
A wildfire is not subject to the same regulatory constraints as prescribed fire (Smoke, Wildlife and Archeological coordination)
