Q4-W1: Entropy and Gibbs Free Energy

Question 1

• process which
  can take place by itself

Answer 1

SPONTANEOUS

Question 2

process
which can neither take place by
itself nor by initiation

Answer 2

NON-SPONTANEOUS

Question 3

Flow of water up a hill

Answer 3

NON-SPONTY

Question 4

Dissolution of salt in water

Answer 4

SPONTY

Question 5

Evaporation of water in an open
vessel

Answer 5

SPONTY

Question 6

Flow of water down the hill

Answer 6

SPONTY

Question 7

Dissolution of sand in water

Answer 7

NON-SPONTY

Question 8

Spontaneous reactions are (___________) reactions; they take place immediately (______________________________.)

Answer 8

SELF-DRIVEN, WITHOUT ANY ASSISTANCE FROM EXTERNAL SOURCE

Question 9

tossing a coin in the air and it
drops on the ground

Answer 9

SPONTY

Question 10

falling of water in a waterfall

Answer 10

SPONTY

Question 11

SPONTY IS _____ DIRECTION ONLY.

Answer 11

ONE

Question 12

A lump of sugar
spontaneously dissolves
in a cup of coffee, but
dissolved sugar does not
spontaneously reappear
in its original form.

Answer 12

SPONTY

Question 13

Water freezes
spontaneously below
0°C, and ice melts
spontaneously above
0°C (at 1 atm).

Answer 13

SPONTY

Question 14

Heat flows from a
hotter object to a colder
one, but the reverse
never happens
spontaneously.

Answer 14

SPONTY

Question 15

A piece of sodium metal
reacts violently with
water to form sodium
hydroxide and hydrogen
gas. However, hydrogen
gas does not react with
sodium hydroxide to
form water and sodium.

Answer 15

SPONTY

Question 16

Iron exposed to water
and oxygen forms rust,
but rust does not
spontaneously change
back to iron.

Answer 16

SPONTY

Question 17

Spontaneity in chemical
reactions is ALSO ____________________

Answer 17

UNDIRECTIONAL

Question 18

It gives an idea about the direction of energy or heat flow.

Answer 18

Second Law of Thermodynamics

Question 19

Second Law of Thermodynamics?

Answer 19

that as energy is transferred or transformed, more and more of it is wasted.

Question 20

As per this law heat flows from
hotter to colder bodies or you
can say that energy flows from
higher level to lower level.

Answer 20

Second Law of Thermodynamics

Question 21

”The state of entropy of the
entire universe, as an isolated
system, will always ____________
over time.”

Answer 21

INCREASE

Question 22

degree of randomness
and disorder

Answer 22

ENTROPY

Question 23

measure of freedom of
the molecules

Answer 23

ENTROPY

Question 24

entropy in phases of matter:
They have
no freedom at all
that means they
have least entropy.?

Answer 24

SOLID

Question 25

entropy in phases of matter: They have more freedom than they have in ice. That means entropy of water is more than ice.?

Answer 25

LIQUID

Question 26

Entropy in phases of matter: They are most free and therefore out of all phases of water, steam has the highest entropy.

Answer 26

GAS

Question 27

Qualitative entropy rules: Entropy ______________ when the number of molecules increase during a reaction.

Answer 27

INCREASES

Question 28

Qualitative entropy rules: Entropy ___________ with an increase in temperature.

Answer 28

INCREASES

Question 29

Qualitative entropy rules: Entropy ____________ when a gas forms from either a liquid or solid.

Answer 29

INCREASES

Question 30

Entropy ____________ when a liquid forms from a solid.

Answer 30

INCREASES

Question 31

Entropy _______________ when a liquid forms from a solid.

Answer 31

INCREASES

Question 32

Entropy is a thermodynamic quantity that is a ____________________________________________________ among the different possible ways that system can contain energy. SI unit is J/K

Answer 32

measure of how spread out or dispersed the energy of a system is

Question 33

ENTROPY CHANGE: SOLID TO LIQUID

Answer 33

MELTING

Question 34

LIQUID TO GAS/VAPOR

Answer 34

VAPORIZATION

Question 35

SOLUTE TO SOLUTION

Answer 35

DISSOLVING

Question 36

If the reaction produces more gas molecules than it consumes, ∆S is ______________

Answer 36

POSITIVE

Question 37

If the total number of gas molecules diminishes, ∆S is _________

Answer 37

NEGATIVE

Question 38

Decrease in pressure of the system, ∆S is

Answer 38

POSITIVE

Question 39

Decrease in number of molecules and gases are converted to solids, ∆�� is

Answer 39

NEGATIVE

Question 40

When solid is converted to two gaseous products, ∆�� is

Answer 40

POSITIVE

Question 41

If there is no net change in the total number of gas molecules, ∆�� may be positive or negative, but will be relatively small numerically.

Answer 41

TRUE

Question 42

Energy available to do useful work. Used to express the spontaneity of a reaction more directly. SI unit is kJ.

Answer 42

Gibbs Free Energy

Question 43

A thermodynamic quantity used to describe heat changes taking place at constant pressure. SI unit is J.

Answer 43

ENTHALPY

Question 44

A thermodynamic quantity that is a measure of how spread out or dispersed the energy of a system is among the different possible ways that system can contain energy. SI unit is J/K.

Answer 44

ENTROPY