QAQC - MIDTERM L1 & L2 Flashcards by DA RRT

The following are benefits of QC to the patient except:

A. Improved Safety
B. Enhanced Accuracy and Reliability
C. Consistency in Care
D. NOTA

D. NOTA

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Through rigorous testing and checks, QC ensures that diagnostic results and treatments are accurate

Enhanced Accuracy and Reliability

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Patients receive consistent, high quality care, leading to greater trust in the healthcare system

Increased Patient Satisfaction

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Patients can expect the same level of care and service each time they visit

Consistency in Care

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QC ensures adherence to best practices and evidence-based guidelines which can lead to better health outcomes, quicker recoveries, and lower re-admission rates

Better Outcomes

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QC ensures that procedures, treatments, and equipment meet safety standards, reducing the risk of errors, infections, or adverse events that could harm patients

Improved Safety

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TRUE OR FALSE
Quality Control imposes benefits on both the patient and the Radiology department

TRUE

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Identifying and correcting errors early in processes reduce waste, rework, and the costs associated with correcting mistakes, leading to more efficient use of resources

Efficiency and Cost-savings

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Departments with strong QC processes are seen as reliable and professional

A. Enhanced Reputation
B. Risk Management
C. Efficiency and Cost-savings
D. Compliance with Regulations

A. Enhanced Reputation

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A strong QC culture fosters a sense of pride and responsibility among staff

A. Risk Management
B. Enhanced Reputation
C. Improved Staff Morale
D. Improved Staff Moral

C. Improved Staff Morale

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TLD stands for

Thermo-luminescent Dosimeters (Bear with the meaning mga beh. Sa radprot natin gamitin yung orig na alam natin QA to hehe)

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A radiation measurement and monitoring tool used to detect and measure ionizing radiation levels in the environment

Geiger - Muller Counter

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The following are radiation measurement and monitoring tools except:

A. TLD
B. OSL
C. Ionization Chambers
D. Step-Wedge

D. Step-Wedge

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Used for precise measurement of radiation exposure

Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) Dosimeters

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Simulated anatomical objects used to test the performance of X-ray machines

Phantom Test Objects

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TRUE OR FALSE
A prominent phantom test object is called as Revolution Phantom

FALSE
Resolution Phantom

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Tool used to evaluate the dynamic range and contrast

Step-Wedge

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Devices used to measure the optical density of x-ray films

Densitometers

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Used to assess the spatial resolution of the X-ray imaging system

Line Pair Resolution Tools

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Ensure the accuracy of the exposure time set on the x-ray machine

Timer Testers

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Used to measure the peak kilovoltage of X-ray

kVp Meters

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Used to check the alignment of the x-ray beam with the light field

Light Field Alignment Tools

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Which of the following is an Equipment Performance Monitoring Tool ?

A. Dosimeters
B. Phantom Test Objects
C. Densitometers
D. mAs Meters

D. mAs Meters

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TRUE OR FALSE
PACS stands for Picture Archiving and Components Systems

FALSE
PACS = Picture Archiving and Communication System

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Used to assess the performance of digital imaging systems, including resolution, contrast, and noise levels

Digital Test Patterns

Used to verify that Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine standards are followed

DICOM Calibration Tools

Used to check the integrity of protective gear, ensuring that they provide adequate protection against radiation exposure

Lead Apron and Shield Testing

Verify that safety interlocks on X-ray machines are functioning correctly

Interlock System Testers

Continuously monitor radiation levels in the x-ray room to ensure they remain within safe limits and that safety protocols are being followed

Radiation Area Monitors

Programs designed to analyze and record data from various QC tests

QC Software

Manual or digital tools used to document QC activities

Logbooks and Checklists

Define the criteria and protocols for image quality, radiation safety, and operational efficiency A. Establishing Standard and Protocols B. Standard Operating Procedures C. Radiation Safety Standards D. Image Quality Standards

A. Establishing Standard and Protocols

Guidelines that define the acceptable levels of radiation exposure for both patients and staff

Radiation Safety Standards

Detailed instructions for operating equipment, handling patients, and conducting specific types of imaging studies

Standard Operating Procedures

Benchmarks for image resolution, contrast, and clarity to ensure diagnostic accuracy

Image Quality Standards

Ensure that all x-ray equipment operates within specified parameters and provides accurate results

Equipment Calibration and Maintenance

Scheduled maintenance checks to prevent equipment breakdowns and ensure reliable operation

Preventive Maintenance

Monitor and evaluate the performance of imaging equipment and procedures to ensure consistent quality

Quality Control Testing

More detailed tests, such as resolution assessments and dosimetry tests A. Daily QC Tests B. Periodic Comprehensive Tests C. QC Testing D. Radiation Safety Monitoring

B. Periodic Comprehensive Tests

Document results of all QC tests, noting any deviations and corrective action taken

Record Keeping

Regular inspection of protective barriers, lead aprons, and other shielding devices

Shielding Checks

Protect patients, staff, and the public from unnecessary exposure to radiation

Radiation Safety Monitoring

Ensure that patients receive safe, effective, and comfortable care throughout their imaging experience A. Patient Care and Management B. Patient Care and Communication C. Patient Care, Jurisprudence, and Cultural Sensitivity D. Patient Care and Treatment

B. Patient Care and Communication

Gather and evaluate feedback from patients regarding their experience to identify areas for improvements A. Patient Care and Communication B. Patient Satisfaction Initiatives C. Patient Services D. Patient Feedback

D. Patient Feedback

Continuous enhancement of processes, outcomes, and overall department performance

Quality Improvement / Quality Management

TRUE OR FALSE: Quality Improvement (QI) is limited and strategic

FALSE BROAD and strategic

The following are methodologies utilized for QI EXCEPT: A. Plan-Do-Study-Act (PSDA) B. Lean C. Determine, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control (DMAIC) D. Six Sigma

C. Determine, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control (DMAIC)

Maximizes customer value while minimizing waste

Lean

What are the seven (7) types of waste aimed to be eradicated by Lean:

1. Overproduction 2. Waiting 3. Transport 4. Extra Processing 5. Inventory 6. Motion 7. Defects

The following are Lean Tools EXCEPT: A. 5S (Sort, Set in Order, Shine, Standardize, Sustain) B. Kaizen C. Value Stem Mapping D. NOTA

D. NOTA

5S in lean stands for: A. Sort, Set in Order, Shine, Standardize, Sustain B. Set in Order, Sort, Shine, Sustain, Standardize C. Sort, Shine, Set in Order, Standardize, Sustain B. Sort, Set in Order, Standardize, Sustain, Shine

A. Sort, Set in Order, Shine, Standardize, Sustain

Improves the quality of process outputs by identifying and eliminating defects and minimizing variability in progress

Six Sigma

The goal of Six Sigma is to reduce defects to fewer than _____ per million opportunities A. 3.3 B. 3.4 C. 3.5 D. 3.6

B. 3.4

A QI method focusing on speed and efficacy while also improving quality and reducing variability

Lean Six Sigma

This ensures that all processes, procedures, and outcomes meet established standards of quality

Quality Assurance

TRUE OR FALSE Quality Assurance is reactive , focusing on the development, implementation, and monitoring of standards / protocol

FALSE Quality Assurance is PROACTIVE

TRUE OR FALSE QA includes operationally ongoing staff education and training to maintain high standards of practice

TRUE

QA involves the following, EXCEPT: A. Regular Audits B. Reviews C. Assessments D. Monthly Equipment Check E. Continuous Education

D. Monthly Equipment Check

It pertains to the monitoring and testing of specific equipment, procedures, and outputs to ensure they meet predefined standards

Quality Control

Complete the Rationale: 1. Quality Improvement = ______ 2. Quality Assurance = _______ 3. Quality Control = _______

1. Continuous 2. Proactive 3. Reactive

In response to darkroom QA/QC problems, the use of _______ doors may be applicable

Light-sealed

The following are solutions to address incorrect safelight conditions, which does not belong to the group: A. Correct Safelight Filter B. Proper Distance C. Safelight Testing D. NOTA

D. NOTA

It can lead to poor image quality such as distortion or cut-off images A. Incorrect Safelight Conditions B. Chemical Contamination C. Equipment Misalignment D. Inconsistent Radiation Output

C. Equipment Misalignment

This can lead to uneven development or contrast issues A. Incorrect Safelight Conditions B. Chemical Contamination C. Equipment Misalignment D. Inconsistent Radiation Output

B. Chemical Contamination

Can lead to variations in image quality and potential overexposure or underexposure of patients A. Incorrect Safelight Conditions B. Chemical Contamination C. Equipment Misalignment D. Inconsistent Radiation Output

D. Inconsistent Radiation Output

Radiographic equipment may drift from its original calibration A. Grid Alignment Checks B. Equipment Drift C. Degraded Image Receptors D. Inadequate Grids

B. Equipment Drift

TRUE OR FALSE Lead aprons or shields may be properly stored through hanging them up

TRUE

TRUE OR FALSE Image Receptors may degrade over time

TRUE

Periodically test the integrity of lead aprons using _______ to detect any hidden cracks or defects

Fluoroscopy

Damaged or improperly aligned grids can cause grid cut-off, resulting in uneven exposure across the image A. Grid Alignment Checks B. Equipment Drift C. Degraded Image Receptors D. Inadequate Grids

D. Inadequate Grids

This is crucial to ensure that imaging equipment and procedures consistently produce high-quality images while minimizing radiation exposure A. Quality Assurance B. Quality Assurance Program C. Quality Control D. Quality Improvement

C. Quality Control

This is done to ensure that the X-ray tube is operating at the correct temperature and that no immediate faults are present

Warm-up Procedures

TRUE OR FALSE Comparison with baseline images for detection of degradation may be done with Phantom Imaging

TRUE

The acceptable limit for kVp Accuracy Test is typically within: A. ± 0.1 % B. ± 0.5 % C. ± 5 % D. ± 5.5 %

C. ± 5 %

This is done to ensure that the digital detector is uniform in response across the imaging area

Detector Uniformity Test

This is to measure the system's ability to resolve fine details in the image

Spatial Resolution Test

This is to ensure noise levels in digital images are within acceptable limits

Noise Analysis

This is done to ensure that CR plates are thoroughly erased between uses to prevent ghosting from previous exposures

Erasure Thoroughness Test

Reduction in the screen's ability to convert x-ray's energy into visible light A. Speed Loss B. Speed Loose C. Speed Lost D. Speed Lose

A. Speed Loss

TRUE OR FALSE Shifts in the curve towards lower optical densities does not indicate speed loss

FALSE Shifts in the curve towards lower optical densities MAY indicate speed loss

It is critical for producing sharp, high-quality radiographic images in which poor contact between them can cause blurring or artifacts A. Film-IR Contact B. Film-Screen Contact C. Film-Emulsion Contact D. NOTA

B. Film-Screen Contact

It is used to detect areas of poor contact between the film and screen A. Step Wedge Test B. Coin Wedge Test C. Phantom Test Imaging D. Wire Mesh Test

D. Wire Mesh Test

Which methods may be done to evaluate screens for undesirable speed loss ?

1. Sensitometric Testing 2. Uniform Phantom Exposure Test

Which methods may be done to evaluate film-screen contact

1. Wire Mesh Tests 2. Pressure Mark Tests

These pertain to the FIRST CRUCIAL STEPS in the diagnostic chain

Proper Preparation and Positioning of the Patient

Involves collection of relevant medical history and information to determine appropriate imaging procedure

Patient History

Ensures that the x-ray machine, digital detectors, and other equipment are calibrated according to manufacturer specifications and standards

Machine Calibration

Process of acquiring the radiographic image

Image Acquisition

Which of the following sequence defines the chain of the x-ray diagnostic procedure 1. Patient Prep and Posi 2. Image Processing 3. Image Acquisition 4. Equipment Preparation A. 4, 3, 1, 2 B. 3, 1, 4, 2 C. 1, 4, 3, 2 D. 1, 2, 3, 4

C. 1, 4, 3, 2

Entails evaluation of the image for diagnostic quality and repeat if necessary

Image Review and Quality Control

TRUE OR FALSE Radiographic images are interpreted by a radiologic technologist or qualified medical personnel to provide diagnostic information

FALSE Radiographic images are interpreted by a RADIOLOGIST or qualified medical personnel to provide diagnostic information (Always remember the meme)

The EACC School of Radiologic Technology will be visited by representatives of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) this coming November. Measures are made by the department via cleansing of their radiologic technology laboratory and main office. Which QA principle is manifested ? A. Continuous improvement B. Consistency and Reliability C. Education and Training D. Compliance and Accreditation

D. Compliance and Accreditation

TRUE OR FALSE Place films nearer the safelight for a clearer view of the newly processed image

FALSE Place films FARTHER from the safelight for a minimal view of the newly processed image

Correct factors and manual processing time have been executed by radiologic technologists but no clear image was seen. Which seems to be the problem ? A. Radiologic Technologist B. Chemical Contamination / Exhaustion C. Light Leaks in the Darkroom D. Inconsistent Radiation Output

B. Chemical Contamination / Exhaustion

A Coin Test was performed by Tech K.G.C, only to find out that one portion of the coin was improperly collimated. What seems to be the problem ? A. Equipment Drift B. Equipment Misalignment C. Degraded IR D. Inadequate Grids

D. Inadequate Grids