Qs :/ Flashcards
associated with hypothyroidism, painful goitre and raised ESR
de quervains thyroiditis (subacute)
middle-aged women presents with symptoms of hypothyroidism. There is a diffuse, non-tender goitre on examination. TSH is raised, T4 is low, anti-TPO is positive
hashimotos thyroiditis
Autonomously functioning thyroid lesions that secrete excess thyroid hormones
toxic multinodular goitre
middle aged woman presents with a tender goitre and symptoms of hyperthyroidism. Bloods show a suppressed TSH and raised T4. There is a globally reduced uptake on iodine-131 scan
subacute thyroiditis
most comon type of thyroid cancer
papillary
*also has best prognosis
Medullary thyroid cancer, hypercalcaemia, phaeochromocytoma in a question is most likely to indicate
MEN IIa
A patient is diagnosed as having medullary thyroid cancer. Her past medical history includes phaeochromocytoma and she is currently undergoing investigations for hypercalcaemia is a stereotypical history of:
MEN 2a
Medullary thyroid cancer, phaeochromocytoma, marfanoid body habitus in a question is most likely to indicate:
MEN IIb
A man with a history of medullary thyroid cancer and phaeochromocytoma is noted to have a tall, thin, ‘marfanoid’ habitus. A number of small lumps are noted on his eyelids and lips is a stereotypical history of:
men 2b
Thyroid lymphoma is most associated with:
hashimotos thyroiditis
27 y/o with neck lump + assoc lymphadenopathy, biopsy shows psammoma calcification
papullary thyroid carcinoma
-> typically spread lymph nodes first
A patient with a new diagnosis of schizophrenia is started on risperidone. They discuss side effects with their doctor, who advises some of the side effects are due to increased levels of prolactin.
Through which mechanism does this occur?
inhibition of dopamine activity
34-year-old female presents with a thyroid nodule. She has a family history of thyroid disease and both her sisters have undergone total thyroidectomies. Her past medical history includes hypertension which has been difficult to manage.
medullary carcinoma
(phaeochromocytoma may also be present, may be inherited in autosomal dominant fashion + affected family members may be offered prophylactic thyroidectomy)
An 18-year-old female presents with 3 nodules in the right lobe of the thyroid. Clinically she is euthyroid and there is associated cervical lymphadenopathy. She has no family history of thyroid disease.
papillary carcinoma
most common type, more likely to develop lymphatic spread than follicular
excellent prognosis
which cancer is thyroglobulin a good tumour marker for?
papillary + follicular
papillary thyroid cancer
commonest young females metastasis to cervical lymph nodes thyroglobulin tumour marker good prognosis
follicular thyroid cancer
women >50
mestastasis to lung + bones
thyroglobulin tumour marker
moderate prognosis
medullary
sporadic or part of MEN2
from parafllicular cells which produce calcitonin
management of papillary + follicular cancer
total thyroidectomy
radioiodine for residual cells
yearly thyroglobulin levels
which hormone is resposible for stimulating uterine muscle to contract in labour?
oxytocin
electrolytes in addisons
hyperkalaemia, hypOnatraemia, reduced cortisol, hypoglycaemia
(cortisol consumption increases during times of stress - surgical procedures)
electrolytes in cushings
hypokalaemia + hypernatraemia, hyperglycaemia
opposite to addisons
electrolytes in Conns (primary hyperaldosteronsim)
hypokalaemia, hypernatremia, hypertension
same as cushings
serum + urine osmolality in SIADH
serum = low (dilutional hyponatraemia)
urine = high (retention of water in kidneys)
