Qualitative Research Quiz 1

Question 1

The use of multiple lines of sight, using more than 1 method to collect data, looking at information from multiple viewpoints

Answer 1

Triangulation

Question 2

Where 3 sighting lines intersect

Answer 2

Triangle of Error

Question 3

The use of multiple data collection technologies, multiple theories, multiple researcher, multiple methodologies, or combinations of these four categories of research activities

Answer 3

Lines of Action

Question 4

“The building blocks of theory”

Answer 4

Concepts

Question 5

Symbolic or abstract elements representing objects, properties, or features of objects, processes, or phenomenon

Answer 5

Concepts

Question 6

Testable propositions about the relations among our research concepts form a special class of propositions (concept clusters)

Answer 6

Hypotheses

Question 7

Based on the notion that a sample can be selected that will mathematically represent subgroups of some larger population

Answer 7

Probability sampling

Question 8

Type of probability sampling in which each element in the full population must have an equal and independent chance of inclusion in the eventual sample to be studied. Typically intended to to produce a representative sample.

Answer 8

Simple random sampling

Question 9

Sampling in which efforts are taken to create a quasi-random sample and to have a clear idea about what larger group(s) the sample may reflect without a basis on probability theory.

Answer 9

Non-probability sampling

Question 10

Accidental/availability sample, “whoever shows up”

Answer 10

Convenience Sample

Question 11

Printed list of available population, every nth name selected from list

Answer 11

Systematic random sampling

Question 12

Used whenever researchers need to ensure that a certain sample of the identified population under examination is represented in the sample

Answer 12

Stratified random sampling

Question 13

Judgemental sampling

Answer 13

Purposive sampling

Question 14

Researchers use expertise about some group to select subjects, often used with unusual phenomenon, used when researcher wants more general feel of the experience.

Answer 14

Purposive sampling

Question 15

Chain referral sampling, respondent-driven sampling

Answer 15

Snowball sampling

Question 16

Sampling in which subjects asked to refer other subjects

Answer 16

Snowball sampling

Question 17

Sampling that begins with matrix/table that creates cells labeled by attributes

Answer 17

Quota sampling

Question 18

Researcher seeks to engage fully in the activities of the group or organization under investigation

Answer 18

Researcher as complete participant

Question 19

Researcher accepts overt or announced role as researcher, presence and intentions of researcher known to group

Answer 19

Participant as observer

Question 20

Active attempt to remove from the research records any elements that might indicate the subjects’ identities

Answer 20

Confidentiality

Question 21

Subjects remain nameless

Answer 21

Anonymity

Question 22

Extent to which research findings are an authentic reflection of the personal or lived experiences of the phenomenon under investigation

Answer 22

Trustworthiness

Question 23

Providing a detailed description of the context and circumstances surrounding the phenomena being studied

Answer 23

Thick description

Question 24

2 purposed of triangulation

Answer 24

Confirmation and completeness

Question 25

Use of two or more data collection instruments and techniques to overcome the bias of using a single-method, single-observer, or single theory approach

Answer 25

Confirmation

Question 26

3 types of triangulation

Answer 26

Data triangulation, researcher triangulation, methodological triangulation

Question 27

Use of a variety of different sampling strategies and sources to gather information and obtain a diverse view of the same phenomenon

Answer 27

Data triangulation

Question 28

3 categories of data triangulation

Answer 28

Time, space, person

Question 29

Collection of data at different intervals

Answer 29

Time triangulation

Question 30

Collection of data about the same phenomenon in two or more settings to investigate the consistency of the data across sites

Answer 30

Space triangulation

Question 31

Collection of information from more than one level of persons, including individuals, groups, collectives, and societies

Answer 31

Person triangulation

Question 32

Use of two or more research methods or approaches in one study

Answer 32

Methodological triangulation

Question 33

Involvement of participants in the data analysis process, providing opportunities for them to read, comment on, and contribute to research findings

Answer 33

Member-checking

Question 34

Direct acknowledgement by the researcher that he/she is an active participant throughout the research process and therefore has a significant influence on the development of research

Answer 34

Reflexivity

Question 35

Questions that have an exclusive concern for focus of study

Answer 35

Essential questions

Question 36

Questions roughly equivalent to certain essential ones but worded differently

Answer 36

Extra questions

Question 37

Stories, personal encounters, OT practice are what type of source?

Answer 37

Anecdotal article

Question 38

Organization of literature review?

Answer 38

Intro, occupation-based model, body, conclusion

Question 39

Research in a setting in which the researcher already holds another role

Answer 39

Backyard research

Question 40

Term used in social analysis to refer to persons who are able to arbitrate access to a social role

Answer 40

Gatekeeper

Question 41

People or organizations who have an interest in your research project, or affect or are affected by its outcomes.

Answer 41

Stakeholders

Question 42

"Common rule" of IRB?

Answer 42

Do no harm

Question 43

Qualitative research has a ________ and ______ focus?

Answer 43

Exploratory, descriptive

Question 44

Qualitative research has an ______ design?

Answer 44

Emergent

Question 45

What is the qualitative research process?

Answer 45

Generation of ideas, literature review, design, data collection and organization, analysis and findings, dissemination

Question 46

8 steps of concept mapping

Answer 46

List the concepts, rearrange concepts from abstract to specific, order data into meaningful columns, move columns into idea clusters, review literature to explain relationships, identify examples, create flow chart, refine and make changes

Question 47

Providing the criteria for measuring/describing a concept

Answer 47

Operationalize

Question 48

Providing a working definition of a concept

Answer 48

Conceptualize

Question 49

Interpretivist mode assumption?

Answer 49

No one truth

Question 50

Interpretivist research purpose?

Answer 50

development of understanding

Question 51

Interpretivist approach?

Answer 51

Inductive (seeking a general conclusion from specific information)

Question 52

Interpretivist researcher role?

Answer 52

Emic (insider viewpoint)

Question 53

Positivist mode seeks to measure what?

Answer 53

Reality

Question 54

Positivist mode assumption?

Answer 54

Reality is measurable

Question 55

Positivist research purpose?

Answer 55

generalizability

Question 56

Positivist research approach?

Answer 56

deductive (general to specific)

Question 57

Positivist researcher role?

Answer 57

Etic (outsider, detached)

Question 58

Ethnography begins with what?

Answer 58

Social theory, ideology, or discipline

Question 59

Contributes to theory development from interviews, observations, and field notes, starts with homogeneous sample, constant comparative method

Answer 59

Grounded theory

Question 60

Working with participants to create positive change, focus on creating positive social change

Answer 60

Action research

Question 61

2 tasks of action research?

Answer 61

Uncover/produce info that is directly useful to group of people, enlighten/empower average person to take and use info

Question 62

2 phases of interviewing?

Answer 62

Getting in, analysis

Question 63

Listen for the ______ voice not the _____ voice in an interview.

Answer 63

Inner, public

Question 64

Interviewer roles?

Answer 64

Actor, director, choreographer

Question 65

Assesses the consistency of results across items within a test.

Answer 65

Internal reliability

Question 66

Refers to the extent to which a measure varies from one use to another.

Answer 66

External reliability