Quantitative Research

Question 1

Does the test/measurement system measure only the concept/idea that its developers claim it measures in the relevant population?

Answer 1

Construct Validity

Question 2

Does a measurement system measure all or only part of what it’s supposed to measure?

Answer 2

Content Validity

Question 3

Does a test measure what it’s expected to measure?

Answer 3

Face Validity

Question 4

Do the questions on a test/scale measure the same concept?

Answer 4

Internal consistency

Question 5

is necessary but not sufficient enough by itself for validity.

Answer 5

Reliability

Question 6

1. Refer to accuracy measurement.
2. Is a test really measuring what it claims to measure?

Answer 6

Validity

Question 7

Repeated measurements by the same person.

Answer 7

Inter-rater

Question 8

Measurement by at least two people.

Answer 8

Inter-rater

Question 9

Repeated measurements over time Similar to IR with larger time gap.

Answer 9

Test-retest

Question 10

Measurement instruments. Use of measuring equipment Not a person measuring.

Answer 10

Alternate (parallel forms)

Question 11

Treatment & control / placebo conditions Usually nominal variable.

Answer 11

Independent variables

Question 12

1. Outcome measure.
2. Can be categorical (did patient’s condition improve or not improve) or continuous (measures on a pain scale).

Answer 12

Dependent variables

Question 13

Every point on the scale is separated by the same amount — equal intervals.

Answer 13

Interval

Question 14

Measures amounts with equal values between points on the scale.

Answer 14

Ratio

Question 15

Classifies people, places, objects or events into named groups.

Answer 15

Nominal

Question 16

Records rank order of items in a set: first, second, third, fourth.

Answer 16

Ordinal

Question 17

1. Selection of existing quantitative studies is appraised.
2. Results are combined.
3. Summary of findings provided.

Answer 17

Systematic reviews

Question 18

1. Specialised statistical technique.
2. combine results from a set of quantitative studies in a systematic review.
3. Provide overall statistical result from set of studies.

Answer 18

Meta-analysis

Question 19

Describes a sample & compares groups within a sample Questionnaires.

Answer 19

Descriptive research

Question 20

Evaluates the accuracy of an assessment procedure in diagnosis What to use and what should be avoided.

Answer 20

Diagnostic accuracy studies

Question 21

Explore how diseases/health conditions arise amoung various groups – findings work to reduce risk.

Answer 21

Epidemiological research

Question 22

A way of listing the clinical population, intervention (treatment), comparison or control conditions and measured outcomes for an experiment, or for developing search terms for intervention studies.

Answer 22

PICO

Question 23

1. How quantitative information is recorded.
2. according to whether only group membership (nominal scale) or ranking (ordinal scale) is identified.
3. whether quantities or amounts are directly measured (continuous scales).

Answer 23

level of measurement

Question 24

(interval and especially ratio) are considered more versatile levels of measurement than categorical (nominal or ordinal) scales.

Answer 24

Continuous scales