Quantitative Research

Question 1

Experimental design (RCT)

Answer 1

rqrs:
> randomization
> control group
> manipulation or treatment

Question 2

to detect causality it must be demonstrated that?

Answer 2

> causal and effect variables are associated

> cause predicts effects

> relationship not explained by another variable…. this is hard to do.

Question 3

Quazi-experimental

Answer 3

used when experimental cannot be.

> will have control group with treatment

> involves manipulation of independent variable

> lacks randomization and/or control

> may use a non-equivalent comparrison group (not random select)

> cannot make casual inferences (conclusion)

Question 4

why are experimental designs not the most common nursing research designs?

Answer 4

> complexity of probs…

Question 5

non-experimental qualitative designs

purpose:

Answer 5

P- to understand phenomena as they naturally occur, without researcher intervention (no manipulate)

> independent variables naturally occur

> rqrs a large sample size

> less ability to predict casual relationships

Question 6

what are the 2 non-experiment studies?

Answer 6

1. survey designs - use when little is known about a variable
   > questionaire or interview
   > can attempt to determine the cause
2. correlation designs - looking at relationships btwn variables that cannot be manipulated
   >CANNOT PROVE CAUSATION
   ex. what role does self-esteem and helplessness in predicting the health practices in homeless women?

Question 7

what are the 3 developmental studies?

type of correlational studies that look at data over time

Answer 7

1) cross sectional - nurses at 1st year and at 4th
2. longitudinal
3) retrospective- look at data from past