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Honors Chem > Quarter 1 Exam > Flashcards

Quarter 1 Exam Flashcards

1
Q

alpha radiation would be attracted to

A

a negative magnetic plate

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2
Q

what is the least penetrating particle

A

alpha particles

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3
Q

the force that holds the particles in the nucleus together and overcomes the electrostatic repulsion is called the..?

A

strong nuclear force

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4
Q

if a nucleus has too many protons and not enough neutrons the best way for it to achieve stability is to emit…?

A

a positron

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5
Q

the reason that fission reactions develop into a chain reaction is because they release

A

extra neutrons

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6
Q

Cu0 is brownish, while Cu2+ is blue in color. the best reason for this is…

A

the electron configurations are different so the types of light it can absorb and reflect are different

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7
Q

the type of energy tat electrons absorb and emit is ______ energy

A

electromagnetic energy

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8
Q

a single packet of energy that an electron may absorb is called a ___

A

photon

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9
Q

the amount of energy in a packet of light energy depends on its ____

A

frequency

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10
Q

what has the highest amount of energy per packet

A

ultra violet light

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11
Q

if an electron is in orbit #1 how can it get to orbit 2 or 3

A

by absorbing a distinct amount of energy only, corresponding to the energy difference between levels one and three or one and two

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12
Q

t/f a bunsen flame is otter than a luminous flame and burns cleanly because there is more air premixed with the methane

A

true

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13
Q

t/f scientific hypotheses are predictions that must be falsifiable/testable

A

true

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14
Q

t/f a control group is not the factors that you keep constant, but a comparison test that differs from another test group by only a single factor (variable)

A

true

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15
Q

t/f in an experiment in which you are testing whether adding alcohol to water raises the mixtures density, the independent variable is the alcohol

A

true

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16
Q

t/f a substance that is composed of particles that can exhibit all forms of KE and have little attraction to and interaction with other particles, so that it can expand to fill any other container

A

false

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17
Q

t/f an atom is the smallest bit of a compound that has all of the chemical properties of that compound

A

false

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18
Q

t/f a compound is formed when two or more substances are combined such that many of the original intensive properties of the original substances are altered and the chemical identity of the material has changed

A

true

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19
Q

t/f dissolving sugar into water is a physical change

A

true

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20
Q

t/f the melting point of a substance is a physical property

A

true

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21
Q

t/f reactivity to acid is a physical change

A

false

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22
Q

a student comes up with a hypothesis that her incessant chatting is annoying dr. o. if she was to design an experiment, the independent variable is

A

her chatting

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23
Q

what type of mixtures/ compounds is easiest to tell apart by sight

A

compounds and heterogeneous mixtures

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24
Q

what is vaporization

A

liquid to gas

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25
Q

what is freezing

A

liquid to solid

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26
Q

what is condensation

A

gas to liquid

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27
Q

if you discover that every sample of a particular material found on earth is exactly identical and iis composed of exactly two parts of one element and one part of another element, the material is most likely

A

a compound

28
Q

how many phases are in homogeneous mixtures

A

1 phase

29
Q

intensive physical properies include both

A

color and melting point

30
Q

a white solid substance is uniform in appearance and cannot be broken down by physical means. this substance is heated in the absence of other matter. a brown solid and a yellow gas are produced. the white substance is probably a

A

compound

31
Q

why do scientists use significant figures

A

to correctly communicate the degree of estimation in their data

32
Q

if you add just one proton to a neutral argon (atomic #18) atom you will get

A

a potassium ion

33
Q

which isotope of sodium (atomic number 11) is likely to be the most abundant in nature: sodium-22, sodium-23, sodium-24, sodium-25, its impossible to take an educated guess

A

sodium-23

34
Q

has a definite volume but not a definite shape

A

liquid

35
Q

composed of independent uncharged particles that exhibit all types of KE

A

gas

36
Q

composed of particles that can only exhibit vibrational ke; has a definite volume and shape

A

solid

37
Q

composed of particles can exhibit all forms of ke but they have some attraction to and interaction with other particles, not totally independent

A

liquid

38
Q

composed of particles which are so energized that they have fallen apart into charged bits that emit light

A

plasma

39
Q

the term for when a gas changes state directly into a solid

A

deposition

40
Q

the term fr when a gas changes state into a liquid

A

condensation

41
Q

the term for when a liquid changes state into a gas but only at the liquid’s surface

A

evaporation

42
Q

the term for when a solid turns into a liquid

A

melting (or fusion)

43
Q

the term for when a solid changes state directly into a gas

A

sublimation

44
Q

density is a type of what property

A

physical and intensive

45
Q

whether something burns in the presence of oxygen is what kind of property

A

chemical and intensive

46
Q

mass is what type of property

A

physical and extensive

47
Q

color is what type of property

A

physical and intensive

48
Q

the smell or odor of something is what type of property

A

physical and intensive

49
Q

what type of property is the least helpful in identifying a substance

A

physical and extensive

50
Q

when a white solid, which cannot be separated into anything else by physical means, is heated in the absence of other matter, a yellowish green gas is released and a black solid is formed. what conclusion can you make about the white solid. it is

A

definitely a compound

51
Q

if you discover that every sample of a particular material found on earth is identical and is composed of exactly three parts of one element and one part of another element, and the elements have different properties when combined in this material, the material is most likely

A

a compound

52
Q

is fission or fusion easier to accomplish on earth to generate large amounts of electricity

A

fusion

53
Q

adding neutrons to an atom that contains three protons and two neutrons will help to stabilize it because…

A

neutrons add more strong nuclear force without additional repulsive electrical forces

54
Q

t/f a mole shows the amount of atoms in a sample when oyu weigh out the atomic mass in grams (gram atomic mass)

A

true

55
Q

t/f a mole is how many times larger a gram is than an amu

A

true

56
Q

t/f a mole is the number of molecules in the smallest sample of a compound that you can measure

A

false

57
Q

t/f a mole of one substance will contain the same numbers of things as one mole of a different substance

A

true

58
Q

t/f a mole allows you to quixly relate mass to numbers of particles, so that we can count atoms and molecules by weighing them

A

true

59
Q

the number of waves per second is

A

frequency

60
Q

what is found to be false about bohr;s theory

A

electrons continually move around the nucleus in circular orbits like satellites

61
Q

the amount of energy needed to move an electron from one place to another is a

A

quantum

62
Q

given our present understanding of electron configuration, the most accurate drawing of where electrons exist around an atom’s nucleus would look like

A

a probability plot showing weirdly shaped clouds of dots where you are most likely to find the electrons

63
Q

ionication energy and atomic radius tend to have a what type of relationsip

A

inverse relationship

64
Q

most metals on the periodic table are

A

metals

65
Q

elements that are in the process of filling d orbitals are known as

A

transition metals

66
Q

group VIIA elements are often called

A

halogens

Honors Chem (10 decks)

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