Queen, government and religion, 1558-69 Flashcards
(20 cards)
1
Q
Monarch Roles
A
- ‘Divine Right’ to rule
- To Declare war and make peace
- To call and dismiss parliament, and agree to , or reject any laws they voted for
- To rule on any unclear wars
- To grant titles, lands money and jobs
2
Q
Secretary of State
A
- The monarch’s most important advisor
- Sir William Cecil
- To supervise all government business
3
Q
The Privy Council
A
- Made up of leading courtiers and nobles
- To debate current advise the monarch on government policy
- To make sure the monarch’s decisions were being carried out
- To oversee law and order, local government and the secuirty of England
- Monitor Justices of Peace and Parliament
4
Q
Parliament
A
- HoC and HoL
- To grant extraordinary taxation
- To pass laws
- To offer advice to the monarch
5
Q
Catholics:
- Head of Church:
- Decoration:
- Outfits:
- Clergy Married:
- Language:
- Communion:
A
- Head of Church: Pope
- Decoration: Paintings, statues, altars, glass windows
- Outfits: Richly decorated
- Clergy Married: No
- Language: Latin
- Communion: Believes in transubstantiation
6
Q
Protestants:
- Head of Church:
- Decoration:
- Outfits:
- Clergy Married:
- Language:
- Communion:
A
- Head of Church: Monarch
- Decoration: A little
- Outfits: In the middle
- Clergy Married: Yes
- Language: English
- Communion: Symbolic bread and wine
7
Q
Puritans:
- Head of Church:
- Decoration:
- Outfits:
- Clergy Married:
- Language:
- Communion:
A
- Head of Church: Elected leader
- Decoration: No
- Outfits: Plain black gown
- Clergy Married: No
- Language: English
- Communion: Symbolic
8
Q
Elizabeths Illegitimacy
A
- She was declared illegitimate after her mother died.
- Many Catholics believed that her mothers marriage had been illegal.
- Anne Boleyn was executed for treason in 1536
9
Q
Elizabeth Unmarried
A
- People expected her to get married and bring an heir.
- However this would mean all her power would go to her husband.
- Phillip of Spain - Old husband of Mary I and wanted to rule England (Catholic)
- Robert Dudley - Her bestfriend but doesn’t marry for social reasons
10
Q
Doubts about being a woman
A
- Women rulers in the 16th century didnt fit the typical idea of womenhood.
- She either had to marry or prove herself as a ruler
11
Q
Problem of France
A
- Many french people were catholic and so therefore believed that Mary Queen of Scots should be queen.
- They were also at war with England in 1558 because of Mary I.
12
Q
Elizabeths choices regarding France
A
- Signed a peace treaty with England in 1559.
- Calais was lost forever.
13
Q
Problem of Financial Weakness
A
In 1558 the government was £266,000 in debt.
14
Q
In 1559 Parliament passed the….
A
- Act of Supremacy
- Act of Uniformity
15
Q
Act of Supremacy
A
- Made Elizabeth the Supreme Governor
- England became protestant
- Bishops ran the churches
- All clergy and royal officials had to swear an oath of allegiance
16
Q
Act of Uniformity
A
- Everyone has to follow the Book of Common Prayer
- All clergy had to take an oath promising to use the same book
- Everyone had to attend church on a sunday or pay 1 shilling fine
17
Q
The Puritan challenge
A
- Lots Puritans in high statuses - Robert Dudley
- Puritans were educated and outspoken in universities
- Lack of support for puritans due to their strict moral views
- There was no alternative for them other than Elizabeth
18
Q
The Catholic Challange
A
- Wanted church services to be in latin and there was no catholic mass so they couldn’t gain salvation
- The pope might kick out Elizabeth from the church which would mean that they could rebel
- Believed that Elizabeth was illegitimate
- However Spain would not support them if they rebelled
- The pope hadnt spoken out against Elizabeth yet.
19
Q
Mary Queen of Scots
A
- Raised Catholic by her relatives in France
- Became Queen of Scotland at 6 days old
- Her first husband was the King of France, and she claimed that she was the legitimate ruler of England
- Returned to Scotland after her husbands death but now it was Protestant,
- She fled to England after trying to raise a rebellion against the Scottish nobles.
20
Q
Relationship between Elizabeth adnd Mary
A
- Elizabeth kept Mary as a prisoner for 19 years to prevent Mary from causing trouble
- Mary was not proved guilty of any crime, meaning that Catholic powers might launch an attack to free Mary.
