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Water Distribution System Facilities Chapter 3 > Questions > Flashcards

Questions Flashcards

1
Q

True False
Of special importance to distribution system operation is the maintenance of a continuous positive water pressure in the system under all conditions so as to protect the distribution system from the entrance of toxic or other undesirable substances.

A

True

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2
Q

True False

Water flowing in a pipe or conduit will gain pressure due to pipe friction loss.

A

False

Water flowing in a pipe or conduit will LOSE pressure due to pipe FRICTION LOSS.

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3
Q

True False

The hydraulic grade line always slopes upward in the direction of flow.

A

False

The hydraulic grade line always slopes downward in the direction of flow

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4
Q

True False

Any Plumbing fixture or faucet below the hydraulic grade line will be exposed to a negative pressure.

A

False

Above the hydraulic grade will be exposed to a negative pressure

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5
Q

True False

Uncovered distribution reservoirs are desirable due to protection against surface contamination.

A

False

Undesirable - protection against surface contamination

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6
Q

True False

Distribution reservoirs should be located as far from the centers of used as possible.

A

False

Close to center of use as possible

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7
Q

True False

Large variations in pressure are desirable in Distribution Systems.

A

False

(35 psi is the minimum desirable pressure; absolute minimum pressure is 20psi; max pressure is 100

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8
Q

True False

Steel pipe is less subject to corrosion than ductile iron pipe.

A

False

Steel pipe is more subject to corrosion than ductile iron pipe)

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9
Q

True False

Mechanical pipe joints are easy to install and are flexible.

A

True

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10
Q

True False

Threading a plastic pipe materials is recommended.

A

False

Threading is not recommended

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11
Q

True False

Lined and coated pipe must be handled carefully to avoid damaging the protective material.

A

True

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12
Q

True False

When Excavating a trench for water mains, all concrete and asphalt debris from the cut paving must be used to refill the trench.

A

False

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13
Q

True False

Lack of shoring or shoring failure are the major causes of underground construction deaths.

A

True

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14
Q

True False

Selection of an appropriate type of shoring depends largely on soil conditions in the area.

A

True

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15
Q

True False

Make certain that the pipe Barrel is given an even bearing for its full length.

A

True

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16
Q

True False

Effective disinfection is necessary before a water main is placed in service.

A

True

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17
Q

True False

Ball valves should be operated either fully open or fully closed.

A

True

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18
Q

True False

Two valves should be used at crosses and three at tees.

A

False

Three valves should be used at pipe crosses and two at tees

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19
Q

True False

Fire hydrant should be placed at intersections so they can be used in all directions from the corner.

A

True

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20
Q

True False

Backflow prevention devices when used, are normally installed at the service connection directly Upstream from the meter.

A

False

Backflow prevention devices are installed Downstream always

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21
Q

Best Answer

What is the purpose of water Distribution Systems?

  1. To connect water from the treatment plant to storage facilities and homes without failures
  2. Control growth and development in the community in an organized fashion. 3. To deliver adequate quantities of water at sufficient pressures at all times under continually changing conditions while at the same time protecting water quality.
  3. To provide consumers with all the water they demand whenever they need water.
A
  1. To deliver adequate quantities of water at sufficient pressures at all times under continually changing conditions while at the same time protecting water quality.
22
Q

Best Answer

Why should an adequate cover be provided for all treated water reservoirs?

  1. To collect precipitation for drinking purposes.
  2. To protect the water from contamination.
  3. To provide an area for public use.
  4. To support the weight of birds walking on the cover.
A
  1. To protect the water from contamination
23
Q

Best Answer

Why should all covered Reservoir drains and overflows be protected from cross connections?

  1. To protect birds and animals from drinking the water period
  2. To protect contamination of the water.
  3. To prevent Reservoir water from being used by others.
  4. To prevent the reservoir from overflowing.
A
  1. To protect contamination of the water.
24
Q

Best Answer

Why should a check valve be provided on the discharge side of each pump? 1. To check clothes for compliance with quality standards.

  1. To divert close to storage facilities.
  2. To meter flows being pumped.
  3. To prevent backflow when the pump is stopped.
A
  1. To prevent backflow when the pump is stopped
25
Q

Best Answer

Why should tree or branching Distribution Systems be avoided whenever possible?

To avoid corrosion problems.
To avoid installation of booster pumps.
To avoid taste and odor water quality problems.
To avoid the need to trim portions with excessive growth.

A

To avoid taste and odor water quality problems
(Tree or branching systems produce dead-end water mains which can cause taste and odor water quality problems)
Grid or loop systems permit greater water flow

26
Q

Best Answer

What is the purpose of pipe joints?

To connect pipes to valves to connect
To connect two lengths of pipe.
To provide a flexible connection between pumps and pipes.
To tap into the water in the pipe.

A

To connect two lengths of pipe

27
Q

Best Answer

What is the purpose of vacuum, pressure relief, and pressure reducing valves?

To control pipe corrosion.
To drain pipes for maintenance.
To isolate sections of pipe for repairs.
To prevent pipe damage from negative or excessively High pressures.

A

To prevent pipe damage from negative or excessively High pressures.

28
Q

Best Answer

Under what conditions must trenches less than 4 feet in depth be shored?

When examination indicates hazardous ground movement may be expected. When short operators are working in the trench.
When short Shoring is available.
When there is water standing in the bottom of the trench.

A

When examination indicates hazardous ground movement may be expected.

29
Q

Best Answers

Under what conditions might the sides or walls of an excavation be sloped instead of installing a Shoring system?

If the installers of the showing system are unavailable.
If the material for the showing system is not readily available.
If this method is more economical and the job can be done safely.
If there is space available for sloped sides or walls.

A

If this method is more economical and the job can be done safely.

30
Q

Best Answer

Why should excessive water velocities in pipes be avoided when filling pipes for pressure and leakage test?

To prevent cavitation on fittings and valves due to flowing water.
To prevent damage from water hammer.
To prevent erosion corrosion of the pipes.
To prevent pipe movement, which could cause leaks

A

To prevent pipe movement, which could cause leaks

31
Q

Best Answer

What is the main application of gate valves in a distribution system?

To control water pressures in the system.
To isolate sections of mains to permit emergency repairs in the system.
To prevent damage water hammer in the system.
To regulate flow rates in the system.

A

To isolate sections of mains to permit emergency repairs in the system.

32
Q

Best Answer

What kind of problems is caused by air in water in a pipeline?

Air pockets can cause supersaturated oxygen conditions.
Air pockets can collect toxic gases.
Air pockets can increase resistance to flow or stop flow completely.
Air pockets can produce excessive pressures in the system.

A

Air pockets can increase resistance to flow or stop flow completely.

33
Q

Best Answer

What is the primary function of a water meter?

To collect information regarding system flows.
To measure and display system pressures.
To measure and display the amount of water passing through it.
To record electrical usage during peak hours.

A

To measure and display the amount of water passing through it.

34
Q

Best Answer

Why should there be a distance of at least 10 diameters between an upstream obstruction or fitting and the flow meter?

To allow contact time for chlorine disinfection.
To minimize head loss through the meter.
To produce conditions for accurate flow measurement.
To provide room for Flow Meter maintenance and replacement.

A

To produce conditions for accurate flow measurement.

35
Q

Best Answer

Which backflow prevention device provides the highest degree of protection?

The air gap device.
The double check valve assembly.
The gate valve.
The reduced pressure principle (RP) device

A

The air gap device

Double check valve - provides least degree of protection

36
Q

Multiple Choice

Water distribution systems typically consists of which items or components?

Fire hydrants. 
Pipes. 
Storage facilities. 
Valves
Water treatment plants.
A

Fire hydrants.
Pipes.
Storage facilities.
Valves

37
Q

Multiple Choice

What causes water hammer in a pipeline?

Operating valves too rapidly.
Pounding too hard on a pipe with a hammer.
Stagnant or slowly flowing water in the pipeline.
Too much air in a surge chamber.
Turning pumps on or off.

A

Operating valves too rapidly

Turning pumps on or off.

38
Q

What benefits can be provided by distribution storage?

1) Chlorinated water may be held in distribution reservoirs to provide an extended contact time for effective disinfection.
2) Cost savings due to uncover reservoirs.
3) Power cost can be reduced by pumping only during off-peak hours.
4) Reservoirs may serve as sand traps to allow the settling of sand and suspended solids in water.
5) Water from various sources can be blended together in a reservoir to provide water of consistent and acceptable quality to the consumers.

A

1) Chlorinated water may be held in distribution reservoirs to provide an extended contact time for effective disinfection.
3) Power cost can be reduced by pumping only during off-peak hours.
4) Reservoirs may serve as sand traps to allow the settling of sand and suspended solids in water.
5) Water from various sources can be blended together in a reservoir to provide water of consistent and acceptable quality to the consumers.

39
Q

The selection of a site or sites for distribution reservoirs usually depends on which factors?

1) Available access to the sites.
2) Elevations available in or near the areas to be served.
3) Numbers for vandals living in the vicinity at the site or sites.
4) Relative cost of security.
5) Visual impact of a storage facility in the locations.

A

1) Available access to the sites.
2) Elevations available in or near the areas to be served.
4) Relative cost of security.
5) Visual impact of a storage facility in the locations.

40
Q

Why should all covered Reservoir vents, drains and overflow outlets be covered with a fine wire mesh screen to prevent entry of what?

1) Birds
2) Insects.
3) Small animals.
4) Snakes.
5) Vandals.

A

1) Birds
2) Insects.
3) Small animals.
4) Snakes.

41
Q

What are significant installation features for distribution system pipe?

1) Available sizes
2) Backfill compaction
3) Ease of tapping the line
4) Joint characteristics
5) Weight

A

1) Available sizes
3) Ease of tapping the line
4) Joint characteristics
5) Weight

42
Q

Which factors should be considered When selecting a type of pipe for a specific installation?

1) Corrosive conditions of the soil and water.
2) Cost of the pipe.
3) Installation.
4) Record keeping requirements for pipe material.
5) Water pressures and external pressures for the pipe material.

A

1) Corrosive conditions of the soil and water.
2) Cost of the pipe.
3) Installation.
5) Water pressures and external pressures for the pipe material.

43
Q

What are the purposes of thrust blocks? To Anchor pipes and fittings, and to keep them from moving or being pulled apart when there is a what?

1) Change in demand for corrosion control.
2) Change in the direction of the pipe.
3) Change in water quality.
4) Sudden increase in velocity.
5) Sudden stoppage of flow.

A

2) Change in the direction of the pipe.
4) Sudden increase in velocity.
5) Sudden stoppage of flow.

44
Q

Trenches for water mains must be deep enough so that the pipe is protected for what kinds of conditions?

1) Children playing.
2) Freezing.
3) River erosion.
4) Surface traffic.
5) Vandalism.

A

2) Freezing.
3) River erosion.
4) Surface traffic.

45
Q

Excavations and the adjacent areas must be inspected on a daily basis by “a competent person” for evidence of what kinds of potential hazards?

1) Hazardous atmosphere.
2) Hazardous conditions, such as hazardous waste.
3) Investigative reporters
4) Potential cave-ins
5) Protective system failures.

A

1) Hazardous atmosphere.
2) Hazardous conditions, such as hazardous waste.
4) Potential cave-ins
5) Protective system failures.

46
Q

The size of the thrust block depends on which factors?

1) Quality of the water been transmitted.
2) Size of the piping.
3) Type and character of the soil that backs up the thrust block.
4) Type of fitting in need of protection.
5) Water pressure.

A

2) Size of the piping.
3) Type and character of the soil that backs up the thrust block.
4) Type of fitting in need of protection.
5) Water pressure.

47
Q

How can air get into the water in a distribution system?

1) May already be in the water as it enters the system.
2) Through leaky joints
3) Through packing glands.
4) Through pumps.
5) Through the electrical power system.

A

1) May already be in the water as it enters the system.
2) Through leaky joints
3) Through packing glands.
4) Through pumps.

48
Q

What are the purposes of hydrants

1) To fight fires.
2) To flush pipelines.
3) To provide Air Relief for the system.
4) To provide water to construction equipment.
5) To provide water to water trucks.

A

1) To fight fires.
2) To flush pipelines.
4) To provide water to construction equipment.
5) To provide water to water trucks.

49
Q

What are the benefits from water metering?

1) Amount of work produced can be determined.
2) Capacities of pipelines can be determined.
3) Customer can you billed for the exact amount of water used.
4) Losses of water can be detected.
5) Prevents waste through excessive use of water and thereby reduces water consumption.

A

1) Amount of work produced can be determined.
2) Capacities of pipelines can be determined.
3) Customer can you billed for the exact amount of water used.
4) Losses of water can be detected.
5) Prevents waste through excessive use of water and thereby reduces water consumption.

50
Q

What are the basic requirements of an acceptable meter installation?

1) Let it be leaktight.
2) That it be reasonably accessible for service and inspection.
3) That it be reasonably well protected against frost, mechanical damage, and tampering.
4) That it position the meter in a horizontal plane for Optimum performance.
5) That it provide for easy reading either directly or with a remote reading device.

A

1) Let it be leaktight.
2) That it be reasonably accessible for service and inspection.
3) That it be reasonably well protected against frost, mechanical damage, and tampering.
4) That it position the meter in a horizontal plane for Optimum performance.
5) That it provide for easy reading either directly or with a remote reading device.

51
Q

Surge tanks are used for what purpose?

1) Absorb energy of flowing water.
2) Control water hammer.
3) Prevent pressure surges and distribution pipelines.
4) Provide an air gap between the reservoir and the distribution system.
5) Regulate the flow of water.

A

2) Control water hammer.
3) Prevent pressure surges and distribution pipelines
5) Regulate the flow of water.

52
Q

In storage tanks and/or the distribution system, which of the following items could indicate that there is a water quality problem?

1) Color
2) Odors
3) Positive coliform test results
4) Taste
5) Turbidity

A

1) Color
2) Odors
3) Positive coliform test results
4) Taste
5) Turbidity

Water Distribution System Facilities Chapter 3 (1 decks)

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