questions from quiz Flashcards
Information processing systems can be analysed at each of three levels. Which level of analysis does folk psychology reflect?
Functional (computational) level.
Which of the following distinguishes connectionism from earlier associative approaches?
Hidden layers
If a social engineer were to focus only on the environment in which social interactions occur, what sort of theoretical bias would this suggest?
Associationism
Which of the following is true if the classical approach is correct?
Mental activity has a finite expressive power.
Sensory input must be first categorised into a particular format.
In Modularity Theory, what is not a property of a module?
Top-down processing
Which of the following is a property of the central system?
Isotropic Principle
The Modality Effect refers to _____.
a consequence of the relative durations of the iconic and echoic sensory stores.
Cherry (1953) first used the task known as the “shadowing technique”. The initial purpose of this was _____.
to ensure that the subject is only attending to one ear
Gestalt principles are based on _____.
a. mental architecture
b. most parsimonious solution
Primacy and recency effects have been used to distinguish between _____.
different vertically organised memories
New research by Cowan has shown that the capacity of items in working memory may be closest to
3 to 5 items
Which encoding instructions are likely to lead to better recall?
Does the word describe me?
If given ‘table-SNAKE’ in a study phase which of the following cues would lead to a greater likelihood of retrieving the second word?
table
Hans is depressed because he has just broken up with his girlfriend. He tries to cheer himself up by recalling happy times, but can only seem to recall other sad experiences in his life. This is most likely due to _____.
state dependent effects
Which of the following does digit span provide a measure of?
Passive working memory measure
Assume the explanation offered by Loftus for the misinformation effect would be amenable to the connectionist approach. Which of the following would describe such an explanation?
Subsequent information directly modifies the memory for an earlier event.
__________ are a set of components, each of which is an essential element of a given concept, and which together compose the properties that uniquely define the concept.
Defining features
Which of the following is a property of semantic memory?
a. It is organized by content.
b. Information is not directly tied to a source.
c. It allows us to make inferences about properties of concepts.
A prototypical approach defines a category in terms of _____.
the average across instances
A critical difference between the propositional approach and the mental model approach to conscious thought is _____.
the content of the problem will influence the latter
Kosslyn’s work on mental imagery found that _____.
people take longer to mentally travel longer distances than shorter distances
In the McClelland and Rumelhart parallel distributed processing (PDP) model of memory, for two units, X and Y, with a connection between them, _____.
if the weight of the connection is zero, then activating X will have no effect on Y
Which statement best describes the relation between “concept” and “category”?
A concept is a mental representation of a category.
Prototype models in classification are to exemplar models as _____.
averages are to instances
