Quick LA Overview

Question 1

What are the 4 main LA’s used?

Answer 1

• Lignocaine 2%
• Articaine HCl 4%
• Prilocaine HCl 3%
• Mepivicaine 3% plain

Question 2

What LA doesn’t have a vasoconstrictor in it?

Answer 2

Mepvicaine 3%

Question 3

What is the vasoconstrictor in Lignocaine 2%?

Answer 3

Adrenaline 1:80,000

Question 4

What is the vasoconstrictor in Prilocane 3%?

Answer 4

Octapressin (Felypressin)

Question 5

What is the vasoconstrictor in Articaine 4%?

Answer 5

Adrenaline

1: 100,000
1: 200,000
1: 400,000

Question 6

What injections can Lignocaine 2% (lidocaine) be used for?

Answer 6

• infiltration
• IDB
• Inta-ligamentary
• Mental block

Question 7

What injections can Articaine 4% be used for?

Answer 7

• Infiltration
• Intra-ligamentary
• Mental block

Question 8

What injections can Prilocaine 3% be used for?

Answer 8

• Infiltration
• IDB
• Intra-ligamentary
• Mental block

Question 9

What injections can Mepivicaine 3% plain be used for ?

Answer 9

Infiltration
IDB
Intra-ligamentary
Mental block

Question 10

Which LA cannot be used in pregnant women and why?

Answer 10

Prilocaine HCl 3% because its vasoconstrictor octapressin (felypressin) can induce labour (more theoretical risk but still dont use it)

Question 11

What is the max safe dose for Lidocaine (lignocaine HCl 2%)?

Answer 11

4.4mg/kg

Question 12

What is the max safe dose of Articaine HCl 4%?

Answer 12

7mg/kg

Question 13

What is the max safe dose of Prilocaine HCl 3%?

Answer 13

6mg/kg

Question 14

What is the max safe dose of mepivicaine?

Answer 14

3mg/kg

Question 15

What is the duration of anaesthesia like for lidocaine?

Answer 15

Infiltration = 60mins
IDB = 90 mins
Soft tissues = 180-300mins

Question 16

What is the duration of anaesthesia like for articaine?

Answer 16

Infiltration = 120mins

Soft tissues = 180-300mins

Question 17

What is the duration of anaesthesia like for Prilocaine?

Answer 17

Infiltration = 30-45mins
IDB = 60mins
Soft tissues = 180-360mins

Question 18

What is the duration of anaesthesia like for Mepivicaine?

Answer 18

Infiltration = 20mins
IDB = 40mins
Soft tissues = 120mins

Question 19

What are some local complications of LA?

Answer 19

• Failure to achieve anaesthesia
• Prolonged anaesthesia
• Pain (during and after)
• Trismus
• haemorrhage
• Temporary facial palsy
• Infection
• Soft tissue damage
• Needle stick injury

Question 20

What are some possible systemic complications of LA?

Answer 20

• Allergy (mainly to preservatives)
• Loss of consciousness
• Respiratory depression
• Circulatory collapse
• Octapressin inducing labour

Question 21

What mode of anaesthesia would you use for the dental pulp in the maxilla?

Answer 21

Buccal infiltration

Question 22

What mode of anaesthesia would you use for the buccal gingivae in the maxilla?

Answer 22

Buccal infiltration

Question 23

What mode of anaesthesia would you use for the palatal gingivae?

Answer 23

Palatal infiltration

Question 24

What mode of anaesthesia would you use for the molar and second premolar region in the mandible?

Answer 24

IDB

Question 25

What mode of anaesthesia would you use for the first premolar and canine region in the mandible?

Answer 25

Long buccal infiltration

Question 26

What mode of anaesthesia would you use for the incisor and canine region in the mandible?

Answer 26

Long buccal infiltration

Question 27

What mode of anaesthesia would you use for the lower lip and chin region?

Answer 27

Mental nerve block (used for mucocele etc?)

Question 28

What are the two needle lengths and what one is used for what?

Answer 28

Short 25mm - infiltrations

Long 35mm - IDB