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Quickies Flashcards

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1
Q

Adverse effects in all organ systems

A

Adesleukin

interferon - renal

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2
Q

Adesleukin

A

affects every organ system
capillary leak syndrome
Melanoma
IL-2 agonist

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3
Q

Pregnancy Cat D

A

end w/ -ib

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4
Q

Imiquimod

A

localized BCC and AK
Immunostimulant (TLR-7 and 8; Th1; negative effect on GLI)
Can compromise birth control
photosensitivity

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5
Q

interferon

A

Melanoma immunotherapy
Contraindicated in autoimmune, cardiac dz, depression;
Flu-like, blood

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6
Q

Blood dyscrasias

A

Interferon
Sorafenib
Trametinib

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7
Q

Iplilimumb (MMM)

A

Melanoma immunotherapy
Immunostimulate of T Cells (inhibits CTLA-4)
Many unique contraindications
mild–>severe (toxic epidermal necrolysis)
Endocrinopathies

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8
Q

SJS

A

all three signal transduction inhibitor melanoma therapies

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9
Q

SOrafenib

A

SO many targets (VEGF, PDGFR, RAF kinase)
SO much bleeding
SOre hands and feet (hand-foot syndrome)
Melanoma signal transduction inhibitor

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10
Q

Trametinib

A 
Melanoma signal transduction inhibitor
Reversible MEK inhibitor
BRAF V600(K) mutations
Requires genetic testing
EYE!!
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11
Q

Trichloroacetic acid

A

AK

burning, inflammation, localized tenderness

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12
Q

VemuRAFenib

A 
Melanoma signal transdction inhibitor
BRAF inhibitor
SHOULD NOT be used in wild-type--> secondary tumors via paradoxical
Requires genetic testing
EYE!!
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13
Q

VisSMOdegib

A

SMO inhibitor

blocks SMOoth moves by eggs and sperm (male and female teratogen)

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14
Q

BCC

A

localized=imiquimod

advanced= cisplatin and cyclo

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15
Q

SCC

A

early=surgery/radiation

Late=Cisplatin

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16
Q

Melanoma

A

2 - 3 - and 3
Carmustine and Dacarbazine
Adesleukin, Interferon, Ipilimumab
Sorafenib, Trametinib, Vemurafenib

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17
Q

Acyclovir

A

zoster and chicken pox
classic viral DNA polymerase (dGTP)
prevents chain elongation
neurotoxicity

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18
Q

Cidofovir

A

deoxyCytosine…viral DNA polymerase
POX, HHV-6 and 7
NEPHROTOXICITY (probenecid and hydration)

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19
Q

Famciclovir

A

Zoster
classic viral DNA polymerase (dGTP)
Best tolerated

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20
Q

Foscarnet

A

HHV-6
Unusual MOA
prevents chain elongation
Electrolyte imbalance

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21
Q

Ganicyclovir

A

HHV-6 and 8
classic viral DNA polymerase (dGTP)
Blood penias

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22
Q

Valacyclovir

A

same as acyclovir (pro-drug)

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23
Q

Acitretin

A

Topical Psoriasis
RAR retinoid
Similar to Vitamin A toxicity (dry skin; nosebleed; conjunctivitis; hair loss…); mucocutaneous and muscoskeletal symptoms; hyperlipidemia
Teratogen

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24
Q

Tazorotene

A

Psoriasis AND acne
RAR retinoid
Teratogen

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25
Adalimumab Enterocept Infliximab
Psoriasis and autoimmunes TNF-a Don't use concurrent vaccines/immunosuppression BBW infections and neoplasia
26
Infliximab
extra problems since chimeric
27
Ustukinumab
(p)40 - (Th)17 = (IL-)23 + (Th)1 = 24 / 2 = (IL-) 12 Psoriasis don't use w/ live virus vaccine infections and neoplasias and anaphylaxis
28
all mabs...
worry about infections and neoplasia
29
Calcipotrene
Topical psoriasis Retinoid RXR receptors Vitamin D Hypercalcemia and Hypercalciuria!!!
30
Topical application
everything but mabs
31
Calcitrol
Psoriasis better tolerated and more potent hormonally active Vit D3
32
Adapaline
Acne | RAR retinoid
33
Isotretinoin
Acne | RAR retinoid
34
Tretinoin
Acne RAR retinoid reduces cell layers of corneum
35
Benzyl Peroxide
pro-drug | liberation of free radicals
36
Clindamycin-Erythromycin
inhibit 50S | static or cidal depending on dose
37
Salicylic acid
Desquamation of horny layer Prolonged admin-->salicylism... early signs=dizziniess and tinnitis; severe=multiple organs
38
Fluorinated steroids
don't give on face-->peri-oral, rosacea like rash
39
Mild steroid
Hydrocortisone (psoriasis and acne)
40
Moderate steroid
Betamethasone valerate
41
Very potent steroid
Clobetasol proprionate
42
Dapsone
bacteriostatic folic acid antagonist and inhibits neutrophil chemotaxis dose adjustment in renal impairment DAPSONE syndrome (methemaglobinemia& hemolysis; liver, CNS, blood, rash...SJS) CONTRAINDICATED IN G-6-PD definiciency pts; Drug-Drug: Rifampin; Cimetidine; Omeprezole; trimethoprim; Probenecid Renal elimination
43
Rifampin
beta subunit of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase Hepatic elimination Hemolysis, Hepatic toxicities; discolored body fluid CYP inducer
44
Clofazimine
Selective (for mycobacteria>>than host DNA) binding to guanine in DNA Hepatic elimination Liver, stain body fluids brown, suckling infant Progressive and dose-dependent immunosuppression
45
Hepatic toxicity
All anti-mycobacterials
46
Thalidomide
Anti-inflammatory (NFkB effects) Somnolensce; rash; headache; Peripheral neuropathy TERATOGENIC
47
Amorolfine
blocks ergosterol synthesis topical Onychomycosis
48
Ciclopirox
Localized tinea and Onychomycosis Interferes w/ DNA & RNA synthesis; blocks fungal transmembrane transport No effect on Cell wall
49
Avoid in Hx of Hypersensitivity to drug/co-formulated materials
Amorolfine Ciclopirox Naftifine
50
Fluconazole
F the kidneys (renal elimination and dose adjust) real F'in permeable to CSF Lots of CYP interations
51
QT prolongations and dysrhythmias
Fluconazole P V
52
BBW negative inotropic effect
I
53
Posaconazole
Pop (must take w/ acidic stuff) | Pgp
54
Voriconazole
``` Visual disturbances and photosensitivity Penetrates CSF (along w/ F) ```
55
Itraconazole
I for inotrope | minimal CSF
56
Terbinafine
Squalene | T for transient lymphopenia and neutropenia
57
Griseofulvin | lots of Ps...PO only, PPP contraindications; Photosensitizer; partial elimination via perspiration
Oral for widespread tinea and onychomycosis Liver CYP 3A4 inducer Oral only PPP contraindications (pregnancy, porphyria, PCN allergy) Photosensitizer Elimination partially by perspiration
58
oral for widespread tinea and onychomycosis | topical for localized tinea
all azoles except Keto and Posacon
59
Nafitine
Squalene Cat B Anti-inflammatory and bactericdal properties DON'T combo w/ azoles b/c redundant
60
Bacitracin
``` Polypeptide antibiotic inhibits bacterial ceell wall synthesis (by inhibiting dephosphorylation of isoprenyl pyrophosphate carrier protein) Gram + cocci and bacilli NEPHROTOXICITY topical, usually in combo ```
61
Cephalexin
Can cross BBB good for bacteremia and meningitis; Enteric G-; NOT enterococci Nearly same as PCN but w/ slightly different structure
62
Daptinomycin
``` "Dap dat membrane" depolarization and loss of membrane potential of bacterial cell membrane bactericidal IV infusion once daily bound to albumin muscle pain or weakness aerobic gram + (for the hard stuff) MRSA ```
63
Linezolid
``` Inhibits protein synthesis (binds to 23S on 50) static to Staph and enterococci cidal to strept MRSA and serious VRE optic and peripheral neuropathy aspartame and PKU MAO interactions ```
64
Mupirocin
``` Inhibits protein and RNA synthesis (binds reversibly to Staph isoleucyl tRNA synthetase conc. depend stat/cidal Gram + bacteria (MRSA) Polyethylene glycol in ointment impetigo treatment ```
65
Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
MRSA and MSSA ``` hematologic effects (give folic acid); drug-induced fever, rash, diarrhea, pancytopenia in HIV pts; skin rxns ``` 1 part trimethoprim (folic acid) : 5 parts Sulfamethoxazole (PABA)
66
Vancomycin
D-Ala D-Ala
67
Malathion
ovicidal metabolized to malaoxon inhibits AchEsterase DUMBBELS treated w/ atropine and pralidoxime
68
PermethrIN
synthetic binds Na channels...hyperexciteability and paralysis Resistance emerging kdr mutations in Na channels Safe for humans asthma exaccerbation in ragweed sensitive pts
69
Lindane
``` GABA blockade Resistance emerging topical as lotion/shampoo NOT 1st line Rx Neurotoxicity!!!! toxic exposure in weak populations ```
70
IvermectIN
glutamate-gated Cl channels...hyperexited and paralysis oral and topical Not good for immature BBB asthma
71
EflORNITHINE
ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor: ef's up your hair (blocks polyamines role in nucleic acid synthesis) Trypanostatic action
72
Finasteride
``` Sexual dysfunction!! Hair growth Oral Testosterone analogue (blocks 5-a-reductase) Decr scalp and serum DHT conc. ```
73
Methoxsalen
Oral and topical pigmenting agent (activated by UVA) Conjugation and cross-linking of DNA (cell death via photo damage used in treatment of psoriasis, lymphoma, etc.) Vitilgo treatment (melanocytes move up and repopulate epidermis)
74
Minoxidil
Hair growth | Topical
75
Minocycline
30S

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