Quiz #1

Question 1

what is the definition of logic

Answer 1

the science of right thinking and art of reason

Question 2

who was called the father of logic

Answer 2

Aristotle

Question 3

who layed the groundwork for modern symbolic logic

Answer 3

Chrysippus

Question 4

give the name of one philosopher who made advances in symbolic logic

Answer 4

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz

Question 5

who pioneered the theories about induction that we study today

Answer 5

John Gottfried Leibniz

Question 6

Give the names of three people whose names are associated with modern kinds of mathematical logic

Answer 6

Gottlob Frege, AlfredNorth and Bertrand Russell

Question 7

what are the two main branches of logic

Answer 7

formal and material

Question 8

explain formal logic (the first branch) and describe it

Answer 8

formal logic leads us from one truth to another

Question 9

explain material logic (the second branch) and describe it

Answer 9

material logic looks at how valid an argument is and uses truth as a secondary source

Question 10

true or false? the purpose of formal logic is to discover truth

Answer 10

false

Question 11

true or false? it is necessary to have logic in order to discover truth

Answer 11

false

Question 12

true or false? logic leads us from one truth to another

Answer 12

true

Question 13

true or false? a statement can be true or false

Answer 13

true

Question 14

true or false? a statement can be valid or invalid

Answer 14

false

Question 15

true or false? an argument can be true or false

Answer 15

false

Question 16

true or false? an argument can be valid or invalid

Answer 16

true

Question 17

true or false? truth is only of secondary consideration in formal logic

Answer 17

false

Question 18

define truth

Answer 18

the correspondence of a statement to reality

Question 19

what dose it mean to say an argument is valid

Answer 19

an argument is valid when its conclusion follows logically from its premises

Question 20

define soundness

Answer 20

the soundness term is used to indicate that all premises in an argument are true and that the argument is valid

Question 21

true or false? an argument can contain true premises and be invalid

Answer 21

true

Question 22

true or false? an argument can resound and contain false premises

Answer 22

false

Question 23

true or false?a sound argument must be sound

Answer 23

true

Question 24

true or false? a valid argument must be sound

Answer 24

true

Question 25

true or false? an argument with true premises can be unsound

Answer 25

true

Question 26

true or false? an argument can contain only one premise

Answer 26

false

Question 27

Premise or conclusion? All men are mortal

Answer 27

Premise

Question 28

Premise or conclusion? Socrates is a man

Answer 28

Premise

Question 29

Premise or conclusion? Therefore, Socrates is mortal

Answer 29

Conclusion

Question 30

each of these logical processes or mental acts originates in a _______ and manifests in the form of a ______

Answer 30

Simple apprehension & Term

Question 31

what's is the mental act involved in the first of the three kinds of logical processes

Answer 31

simple apprehension

Question 32

what is the verbal expression connected to the mental act of simple apprehension

Answer 32

term

Question 33

what occurs in our minds when we have a simple apprehension

Answer 33

we recognize something

Question 34

if you think of a book and have the concept in your mind you are having a simple apprehension. what is the term you would use to venally express this particular simple apprehension

Answer 34

book

Question 35

name the terms included in the fallowing argument. All men are mortal Socrates is a man Therefore, Socrates is mortal.

Answer 35

Men, mortal and Socrates

Question 36

what do terms represent

Answer 36

a concept that we have transformed into a word

Question 37

what is the mental act involved in the second of the three kinds of logical processes

Answer 37

Judgment

Question 38

what is the verbal expression connected to the mental act of judgment

Answer 38

proposition

Question 39

what occurs in our minds when we perform judgment

Answer 39

when we think something is not something else

Question 40

if you think a book is boring. what is the term you use to verbal express judgment

Answer 40

boring

Question 41

indicate the propositions in this argument.All men are mortal Socrates is a man Therefore, Socrates is mortal.

Answer 41

"All men are mortal", "Socrates is a man" and "socrates is mortal."

Question 42

what do propositions represent

Answer 42

a thought in our mind a thought that something is something else

Question 43

what is the mental act involved in the third kind of logical process

Answer 43

Deductive inference

Question 44

what is the verbal expression of deductive inference

Answer 44

Syllogism

Question 45

what occurs in out minds when we engage in deductive inference

Answer 45

the way we connect terms to a conclusion and decide if it follows the premises or not