Quiz 1

Question 1

Study of drugs.

Answer 1

Pharmacology

Question 2

Examine the different classes of drugs, how they are used therapeutically, their mechanisms of action, how they are handled by the human body, and their role in society.

Answer 2

Pharmacology courses

Question 3

It is the study of the adverse effects of chemical (including drugs) on living systems and the means to prevent or ameliorate such effects.

Answer 3

Toxicology

Question 4

It provides the scientific basis and principles for variety of special applications.

Answer 4

Pharmacology

Question 5

It is a multi- disciplinary science with many subspeciliaties.

Answer 5

Pharmacology

Question 6

Is to prevent cure or control various disease states.

Answer 6

Aim of Drug Therapy

Question 7

Movements of drugs in the body

Answer 7

Pharmacokinetics

Question 8

Four Processes

Answer 8

Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Excretion

Question 9

Drug Concentration at sites of action influenced by several factors, such as:

Answer 9

Route of administration
Dose
Characteristics of drug molecules

Question 10

Ph at which 50% of drug molecules are ionized.

Answer 10

pKa

Question 11

It is determined primarily by the properties of the drug.

Answer 11

Routes of Drug Administration

Question 12

Major Routes of Drug Administration.

Answer 12

Enteral
Parenteral
Others

Question 13

Enteral Route

Answer 13

Oral
Sublingual
Rectal

Question 14

Giving a drug by mouth is the most common route of administration, but it is also the most variable, and requires the most complicated pathway to tissues.

Answer 14

Oral

Question 15

Most drugs absorbed

Answer 15

Gastrointestinal Tract

Question 16

Enter the portal circulation and encounter the liver before they are distributed in the general circulation.

Answer 16

Gastrointestinal Tract

Question 17

Placement under the tongue allows the drug to diffuse into the capillary network and therefore to enter the systemic circulation directly.

Answer 17

Sublingual

Question 18

Fifty percent of the drainage of the rectal region bypasses the portal circulation: thus the biotransformation of drugs by the liver is minimized.

Answer 18

Rectal

Question 19

It is used for drugs that are poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, and for agents such as insulin that are unstable in the GI tract.

Answer 19

Parenteral Route

Question 20

It provides the most control over the actual dose of drug delivered to the body.

Answer 20

Parenteral Route

Question 21

More rapid than with oral administration.

Answer 21

Absorption

Question 22

The most common in parenteral route.

Answer 22

Intravenous injection

Question 23

Intravenous or intra-arterial

Answer 23

Intravascular

Question 24

Drug administered intramuscularly can be aqueous solutions or specialized depot preparations- often a suspension of drug in nonaqueous vehicle, such as ethylene glycol or peanut oil.

Answer 24

Intramuscular

Question 25

The route of administration, like that of IM injection, requires absorption and is somewhat slower that the IV route.

Answer 25

Subcutaneous

Question 26

Provides the rapid delivery of drug across a large surface area of the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract and pulmonary epithelium, producing and effect almost as rapidly as by intravenous injection.

Answer 26

Inhalation

Question 27

Administered intranasally in the treatment of diabetes insipidus.

Answer 27

Intranasal

Question 28

Used in treatment of osteoporosis, available as a nasal spray.

Answer 28

Peptide hormone

Question 29

It is sometimes necessary to introduce drugs directly in the cerebrospinal fluid such as methotrexate in acute lymphocytic leukemia.

Answer 29

Intrathecal/Intraventricular

Question 30

Acute lymphocytic leukemia

Answer 30

Methotrexate

Question 31

It is used when a local effect of the drug is desired.

Answer 31

Topical

Question 32

The route of administration achieves systemic effects by application of drugs to the skin, usually via a trasdermal patch.

Answer 32

Transdermal