Quiz 1

Question 1

A unit of angular measuring, the distance travelled in one minute

Answer 1

Arc minute

Question 2

A unit of angular measuring, the distance travelled in one second

Answer 2

Arc second

Question 3

Approximate distance from the center of the earth to the center of the sun

Answer 3

Astronomical unit

Question 4

The distance light travels in one year

Answer 4

Light year

Question 5

A unit used to measure distances to stars and galaxies, equal to 3.26 light years. Stars in the suns neighborhood are this distance apart

Answer 5

Parsec

Question 6

The apparent difference of an object as seen from different places, how stellar distances are measured

Answer 6

Stellar Parallax

Question 7

The first to find reliable values for the distances to other stars from our sun using parallax

Answer 7

Friedrich Bessel

Question 8

An arc around two foci, the shape of an orbit

Answer 8

Ellipse

Question 9

Half of the axis running through the foci

Answer 9

Semi major axis

Question 10

Half of the axis running through the center

Answer 10

Semi minor axis

Question 11

the two reference points that help in drawing the ellipse

Answer 11

Foci

Question 12

Formula for the area of a triangle

Answer 12

A=h(b)b/2

Question 13

The power a number must be raised to in order to be another number

Answer 13

Logarithm

Question 14

proposed that the sun was stationary in the center of the universe and the earth revolved around it

Answer 14

Nicolas Copernicus

Question 15

known today for his theory of the solar system which is based on a stationary Earth round which the Moon and Sun revolve. Made observations of figures with 4 degree accuracy of arc w/o a telescope

Answer 15

Tycho Brahe

Question 16

M=(y2-y1)/(x2-x1). Rise/run of a best fit line

Answer 16

Slope

Question 17

3 x 10^8 meters per second

Answer 17

Speed of light

Question 18

independent variable (time)

Answer 18

X axis

Question 19

dependent variable (position, meters)

Answer 19

Y axis

Question 20

Best estimate with + or - half of the range

Answer 20

Reporting uncertainty

Question 21

Three laws: orbits are ellipses with the sun as a foci, the planet Is faster the closer to the sun, and the orbital period is the semi major axis cubed

Answer 21

Johannes Kepler

Question 22

19.19 au away 25,559 km radius, 14.5 mass, 1.32 g/cm^3 density, hydrogen and helium, cloud temp 60k, 27 moons, receives 1/400 sun energy

Answer 22

Uranus

Question 23

Atmosphere similar to Jupiter/Saturn (hydrogen helium methane), more water. Axial tilt almost in line with orbit. Magnetic field similar to Saturn tilted greatest. Largest moon has history. Ring system in 1977

Answer 23

5 things about Uranus

Question 24

30.06 au away, 1/900 suns energy, 24,764 km radius, average density 1.64 g/cm^3, hydrogen and helium, cloud temp 60k, 13 moons

Answer 24

Neptune

Question 25

Blue from methane, atmosphere and interior similar and has great dark spot, radiates more energy than received like Jupiter/Saturn, has dark rings, moons show geology

Answer 25

5 things about Neptune

Question 26

Waves of the electromagnetic field carrying radiative energy

Answer 26

Electromagnetic wave

Question 27

A model of an atom consisting of a nucleus and orbiting electrons

Answer 27

The Bohr atom

Question 28

Energy radiated by a source that absorbs radiation

Answer 28

Black body radiation

Question 29

A spectrum of rays defined by their heating effect

Answer 29

Thermal spectrum

Question 30

The pattern of lines when light passes through from a star or other stellar body, where lines appear if the source emits specific rays.

Answer 30

Emission spectrum

Question 31

Lines that appear on a spectrum if an absorbing item is in the way between a source

Answer 31

Absorption spectrum

Question 32

Sun is 8 light minutes away from earth, Proxima Centauri is 4.31 ly, Polaris is 650

Answer 32

Basic properties of stars

Question 33

The founder of quantum theory through his formulation of his radiation law

Answer 33

Max Planck

Question 34

In pc is the inverse of the parallax angle in seconds of arc

Answer 34

Distance to a star

Question 35

Stellar motion. Derived by broadening of spectral lines, consequence of the Doppler effect

Answer 35

Rotation

Question 36

Stellar motion, can be determined by a straightforward application of the Doppler effect

Answer 36

Radial velocity

Question 37

Stellar motion, trigonometry are needs to know the stellar distance and the star’s angular motion across the sky

Answer 37

Tangential velocity

Question 38

About half of our stars are members of these systems, use of newtons derivation of Kepler’s third law to estimate the mass

Answer 38

Binary stars

Question 39

Stars with identical spectra have identical masses

Answer 39

Spectral/mass relationship (or mass/luminosity)

Question 40

Revealed by spectral analysis, absorption/emission lines indicate presence of various elements, width of line, degree of brightness, or darkness indicate relative abundance

Answer 40

Composition

Question 41

Presence of this causes emission/absorption lines in spectra to split in 2 or more close lines. See an effect used to detect

Answer 41

Magnetic fields

Question 42

formulated by Annie Jump Cannon, based on number and difference of spectral lines and temperature

Answer 42

OBAFGKM

Question 43

A star of a given magnitude is 2.5 times brighter than a star of the next higher magnitude

Answer 43

Magnitude