quiz 1 Flashcards
(139 cards)
1
Q
7 elements of communication
A
- people
- message
- noise
- context
- channel
- feedback
- effect
2
Q
the senders and receivers
A
people
3
Q
content of a communicative act
A
message
4
Q
it is anything that interfere or distract to a communication
A
noise
5
Q
environment surrounding the communication act
A
context
6
Q
medium of communication
A
channel
7
Q
verbal and nonverbal cues that we perceive in reaction to our communication function
A
feedback
8
Q
as people communicate, they are each other changed in some way by the interaction which is turn influences what follow.
A
effect
9
Q
what is the purpose of communication?
A
the purpose of communication is to convey a message from one person to another, with the aim of mutual understanding
10
Q
why is COMMUNICATION is also vital in the workplace?
A
because employees need to communicate with their colleagues, supervisors, and customers to achieve their goals
11
Q
why is COMMUNICATION is essential in EDUCATION?
A
it can help to avoid misunderstandings, develop strong relationships with peers, and foster a collaborative learning environment.
12
Q
_____ and ______ need to communicate effectively to ensure the transfer of knowledge
A
students and teacher
13
Q
students need to ____, and teachers need to _______
A
students need to express their thoughts and ideas, and teachers need to provide feedback and guidance.
14
Q
what’s the effect of effective communication in education?
A
- can improve student performance and a more positive learning experience
15
Q
according to (Muneeb Ahsan 1999) what’s the effect of effective communication in education?
A
can improve teamwork, increase productivity, and enhance customer satisfaction.
16
Q
according to (Muneeb Ahsan 1999) what’s the effect of effective communication in education?
A
can improve teamwork, increase productivity, and enhance customer satisfaction.
17
Q
purposes of communication
A
- speech to inform
- speech to persuade
- speech to entertain
4.
18
Q
an ________ is a fact-based speech that conveys knowledge without trying to convince the audience.
A
Informative Speech
19
Q
explain what is a good informative speech
A
a good informative speech conveys accurate information to the audience in a clear way that keeps the listener interested in the topic
20
Q
the most common type of informative speech are:
A
explanation
definition
description
demonstration
21
Q
according to _____ informative speech aims to teach or instruct the audience about the topic. They include objective information and fact-based research
A
Logan Hailey (2024)
22
Q
a detailed process of how someone works often explaining an otherwise complex, abstract, or unfamiliar idea to the audience
A
speech of explanation
23
Q
provides the meaning of an idea to the audience. it is helpful to clarify or simplify concepts, theories, or ideas that an audience may otherwise be unfamiliar with
A
definitional speech
24
Q
provides a clear vivid and memorable picture of a person, place, thing, idea, or alternative
A
speech of description
25
called "how to" which shows the audience how to do something
speech to demonstrate
26
______ have one thing in common, a purposeful message with a captivating delivery
informative speeches
27
to pick up the important topic, understand the basic guidelines
(who, what, when, where, and why)
according to?
Logan, H (2024)
28
it aims to persuade the audience to perform a certain action or convince them to adopt the belief or opinion of the speaker
persuasive speech
29
what is the best way to prepare for persuasive speaking opportunities:
1. think of the audience
2. make an outline of your speech
3. craft a clear call to action
4. add visuals if possible
5. refine your delivery
30
what is the best way to prepare for persuasive speaking opportunities:
1. think of the audience
2. make an outline of your speech
3. craft a clear call to action
4. add visuals if possible
5. refine your delivery
31
5 tips for giving a persuasive presentation by Killian Christian (2019)
1. Ethos
2. Logos
3. Pathos
4. Methapors
5. Brevity
32
designed to captivate an audience or amuse them while delivering the message it simply allows the audience to enjoy themselves in some way
speech to entertain
33
tips to start a speech effectively
1. Quote a leader
2. Start with a joke
3. Introduce yourself
4. Ask a question
5. Share an anecdote
6. Tell your personal story
34
our world is being _______
our world is being shaped by the way we communicate.
and explain what is our world is being shaped by the way we communicate.
35
all communication encounters have certain _______ that together help define the communication process
common elements
36
in order to succeed in communication encounters, you need to understand these elements for you to become effective communicators
communication is a social practice
37
a type of speech crafted to convince someone to believe or do something
speech to persuade
38
according to ______,it is a speech intended to convince the audience to believe or do something
Beqiri Gini (2021)
39
start your talk by establishing your credibility and character
ethos
40
use data, evidence, and facts to support your pitch
logos
41
people are moved to action by how a speaker makes them feel better
pathos
42
making it easier to understand and remember your message
methapors
43
communication is a fundamental skill that enhances clarity and impact. it is expressing ideas consisely without sacrificing meaning or depth. it ensures that listeners grasp the intended message quickly and effectively.
Brevity
44
to entertain is to hold the Audience in an emotional state. this category includes any speech or story to bring out emotions, sadness, grief, wonder, wje joy for their own sake.
the goal to entertain
45
how to open the speech?
a good introduction need to get your audience attention, tells them what you're talking about, make it interesting, shows you know what youre talking about, and tells them what you'll be discussing.
46
Behind the communication process are several factors that inevitably spur in the way of efficient message sending and receiving.
they are commonly referred to as ______
Barriers of communication
47
Barriers to effective communication can DISTORT the message or intention of the message being conveyed.
this may result in ____
failure of the communication process or cause an effect that is undesirable.
48
this includes environment, distance, challenging stimulus, and media ignorance.
physical
49
this includes dialects and language disabilities
linguistic
50
this includes age, social position, mental difference ot thinking behavior, economic status, political views, values and rules, ethics or standards, motives and priorities.
cultural
51
this includes anger, fear, hostility and overconfidence
emotional
52
why we need to remove barriers in communication?
it is important to remove barriers in communication in order to make communication easier and smoother
53
it is a system of knowledge shared by a relatively large group of people
culture
54
it is when people from different cultures talk and share ideas with each other. It involves understanding and respecting each other’s customs, languages, and ways of thinking. This helps people work together better and avoid misunderstandings.
intercultural communication
55
5 basic characteristics of culture
1. culture is learned
2. shared
3. based on symbols
4. integrated
5. dynamic
56
Culture is learned
Culture is not something we are born with. We learn it from our family, friends, and society as we grow up
57
Culture uses symbols like language, gestures, and objects to communicate and represent ideas. For example, a country’s flag is a symbol of its culture.
culture is based on symbols
58
All parts of culture are connected. Changes in one part (like technology) can affect other parts (like how we communicate)
Culture is integrated
59
Culture is always changing. It adapts to new ideas, experiences, and environments12
Culture is dynamic
60
HOFSTEDE'S CULTURAL DIMENSIONS (6)
-power distance
-individualism vs collectivism
-masculinity vs femininity
-uncertainty avoidance
-time orientation
-indulgence vs restraint
61
This measures how much people in a society accept that power is not distributed equally. In some cultures, people are okay with big differences in power (high power distance), while in others, they prefer equality (low power distance).
power distance
62
This dimension looks at whether people prefer to work alone or in groups. Individualistic cultures value personal freedom and independence, while collectivist cultures value teamwork and group harmony
individualism vs collectivism
63
This dimension examines what a society values more: competitiveness and achievement or caring for others and quality of life.
masculinity vs femininity
64
This measures how comfortable people are with uncertainty and ambiguity. High uncertainty avoidance cultures prefer clear rules and structure, while low uncertainty avoidance cultures are more relaxed and open to change.
uncertainty avoidance
65
This dimension looks at whether a culture focuses on long-term planning and perseverance (long-term orientation) or values traditions and the present moment (short-term orientation).
Time Orientation (long term/short term orientation)
66
this measures how much a society allows people to enjoy life and have fun versus how much it controls or restricts those desires
indulgence vs restraint
67
barriers to intercultural communication
1. Ethnocentrism
2. stereotyping
3. prejudice
4. assuming similarities instead of differences
5. anxiety
68
This is when people believe their own culture is better than others. It can make it hard to appreciate and respect different cultures.
Ethnocentrism
69
This happens when people make generalizations about others based on their culture. For example, thinking all people from a certain country behave the same way
stereotyping
70
This is having a negative attitude or feeling towards someone just because they belong to a different culture. It can lead to unfair treatment and misunderstandings.
prejudice
71
Sometimes, people assume that everyone thinks and acts the same way they do. This can cause confusion because cultural differences are overlooked.
assuming similarities instead of differences
72
it is feeling nervous, which can affect communication when you focus so much on your own feelings that you do not pay attention to what other people are telling you
anxiety
73
To succeed in communication encounters, you need to indulge in ____.
in short, ______
passive observation.
in short, observe first before you open your mouth
74
the idea that we should understand and judge other cultures based on their own values and beliefs, not by comparing them to our own culture.
cultural relativism
75
a framework by _____ offers an approach for understanding how values differences across national cultures can influence human behavior
Geert Hofstede (1980)
76
the use of words
verbal
77
Non-speech elements fall
under seven categories.
Non-linguistic elements
77
aspect
which does not make use of words.
non verbal
78
language of the body
Kinesics-
79
language of space
Proxemics-
80
language of time
Chronemics-
81
language of touch
haptics
81
language of smell
Olfactics-
82
language of objects
Artefactual-
83
-language of look
Physical appearance
84
These include attributes of the
voice that accompany the
words we say such as vocal
quality, pitch, tempo, volume,
and juncture.
Paralinguistic elements
85
These refer to communicators’
awareness of the component
units of language like sound,
words, phrases and sentences.
Metalinguistic elements
86
Communication experts
attribute general meaning
to __percent nonverbal
and only _ percent verbal.
93, 7
87
Our real language is _____
behavior
87
_ percent words,
7
88
__ percent tone and inflection,
and
38
89
___ percent facial expression,
body position and gesture.
55
90
This implies that we have to be
careful with our behavior because
it considerably speaks louder
than words we utter.
Our real language is behavior.
91
stands for a society that allows relatively free gratification of basic and natural human drives related to enjoying life and having fun.
indulgence
92
communication between people with differing cultural identities.
intercultural communication
93
It is through ________ that we come to create, understand, and transform culture and identity.
intercultural communication
94
One reason we should study intercultural communication is to ________ (Martin & Nakayama, 2010).
foster greater self-awareness
95
The _________ discusses this in their Credo for Ethical Communication, stating that Ethical communication is fundamental to responsible thinking, decision-making, and the development of relationships and communicates within and across contexts, cultures, channels, and media.
US National Communication Association
96
effective when it allows you to achieve a goal that you care about.
intercultural communication
96
this is how you engage someone from another culture well.
Intercultural communication competence (ICC)
97
Intercultural communication is appropriate when you achieve your goals using ______ that are expected in the situation.
messages and actions
98
achieving a goal you care about is not enough; Competence in communicating interculturally also means you must communicate appropriately. this is according to?
Wiseman
98
You must have information about the people, the rules for communication used within their culture, the context, and the expectations members of the other culture have for interactions.
knowledge
99
You must be able to engage in a different style of communication than you’re used to. This could mean saying things that you may not truly believe in and behaving in ways that may feel ‘unnatural’ at first.
skills
100
You must be motivated to interact with people who are different than you. This means being able to let go of any misgivings or negative emotions you may have towards them
motivation
101
communicators are typically quiet and don’t seek attention. They have these tendencies:
passive
101
Intercultural Communication requires communicators to be _______, which is the recipe for building lasting relationships across cultures.
ethical and competent
102
doesn’t just entail differences in dress and language. It also encompasses different ways of thinking, managing, and communicating.
cultural diversity
102
This type of communication is also known as the submissive communication style. Another way of describing it is the “people-pleaser” type.
passive
103
This communication style can be hostile, threatening, and comes from a place of wanting to win at all costs.
aggresive
104
This style of communication uses cunning, deceit, and influence to control the outcome of the conversation, and thus the actions of the people around them.
manipulative
104
This style of communication, like the name suggests, combines aspects of both passive and aggressive communication styles. They appear passive on the surface, but aggressive motivation boils underneath. This style tends to be toxic in the workplace, spreading discontent and resentment.
passive-agressive
105
In sociolinguistics, _________ – also called ‘____’ – is a general term for any distinctive form of a language or linguistic expression
anguage variety, lect
105
This type of communication is considered the most effective and is typically the most respectful and productive type.
Assertive communicators share their thoughts and ideas confidently, but they’re always respectful and polite. They readily take on challenges but know how to say “no” when it’s required. These individuals understand their own limits and protect their boundaries without acting overly aggressive or defensive.
assertive
106
It is a pidgin that becomes the first language of the children, or the mother tongue of a certain community.
creole
107
It is not a language that is not distinct from a national language, but rather a variety of a language spoken in a particular area of a country.
regional dialect
108
This is a variety used as a marker of identity, usually alongside a standard variety, by the members of a particular minority ethnic group.
minority dialect
109
refers to a new language that develops into situations where speakers of different languages need to communicate but do not share a common language.
pidgin
110
These are spoken mainly as second languages in former colonies with multilingual populations.
indigenized varieties
111
refers to the specialized language of a professional or occupational group. Such language is often meaningless to outsiders.
jargon
112
the language that emerges within a subgroup to describe new ideas, or to assign new words to existing ideas to develop a sense of identity.
slang
113
characterized by the way a speaker uses language differently in different social circumstances. These are determined by such factors as social atmosphere, purpose of communication, audience, and the general context of the discourse.
language register
114
These registers are used in professional, academic, or legal settings where communication is expected to be respectful, uninterrupted, and restrained to specific rules.
formal
115
These registers are used when communicating with friends, close acquaintances, colleagues, and family members. These are used in birthday parties or family gatherings.
casual or imformal
116
reserved for special occasions, usually between only two people and often in private. Examples are an inside joke between two high school friends or sweet nothings whispered to your “special someone.”
intimate
117
It refers to historic language that is intended to remain unchanged.
Examples are the registers used in the Philippine Constitution and the Holy Bible.
frozen
118
It is used in conversations when people are speaking with someone who has specialized knowledge or is offering advice.
Tone is often respectful, such as the use of honorifics or courtesy titles, but may be more casual if the relationship between or among the communicators is friendly.
consultative
119
Examples are registers used in local television broadcast or in a conversation with a doctor during medical examination.
consultative registers
120
non-emotional and laden with facts. These are most appropriate for research or technical writing.
Neutral language registers
121
one of the components of a communication cycle that conveys ideas and information to its target audience or recipient, to begin the process.
message
122
in rhetorical and communication studies is the information expressed through the use of: (a) words, either in written or spoken form; and/or (b) additional signs and symbols (Nordquist, 2017)
message
123
These messages are meant to provide information and facts. The message must be extremely concise, easy to understand, and clear. Imagine a teacher outlining a lesson or announcement of the Gender and Development (GAD) policies in Caraga State University (CSU)
informative messages
124
These messages aim to persuade the recipient of a specific point of view or course of action. It should have a clear, measurable goal that can be observed. Both a politician making a campaign speech and an endorser enticing consumers.
persuasive messages
125
These messages focus on sharing feelings and emotions. A heartfelt conversation with a loved one or a social media post expressing frustration are examples of expressive messages.
expressive messages
125
In the workplace, goodwill messages are used to show compassion, generosity, and responsiveness. Congratulations, thank-you notes, or encouraging remarks are a few instances of good.
Goodwill messages
126
to convey an idea, concept, information, thought, or emotion to a receiver.
purpose of sending a message
127
understanding the audience is knowing the audience's background helps tailor the message to their needs, ensuring they can comprehend the materials (Writing letters, books, or scholarly materials)
Kranz (2007)
128
provides a foundation for understanding mass media content, techniques, and their impact. It aids in creating media texts for various purposes, including written, spoken, and visual media. Agustin et al (2018) illustrate a table for obtaining text messages.
media literacy framework
129
