Quiz 1

Question 1

Gonads

Answer 1

Organs that produce reproductive cells

Question 2

Primary sex characteristics

Answer 2

Direct role in reproduction

Question 3

Secondary sex characteristics

Answer 3

Not directly related to reproduction

Question 4

Testes

Answer 4

Male gonads which produce male sex hormones and sperm
- held in the scrotum

Question 5

Seminiferous tubules

Answer 5

Coil ducts found within the testes lined with sperm producing cells

Question 6

Interstitial cells

Answer 6

Secrete testosterone

Question 7

Scrotum

Answer 7

Pouch of skin that hold the testes lower temperature than the body

Question 8

Inguinal hernia

Answer 8

Rupture of the thin membrane, causing a segment of the small intestine to be forced in the scrotum

Question 9

Vas deferens

Answer 9

Tubes that conducts sperm towards the urethra
- any blockage will prevent the movement of sperm from the testes to the external environment

Question 10

Ejaculator duct

Answer 10

Regulate the movement of sperm and fluid into the urethra

Question 11

Urethra

Answer 11

Common chamber for expelling, semen, and urine
- sphincter regulates the voiding of urine from the bladder
- work independently, but never open at the same time

Question 12

Impetency

Answer 12

Caused by damage the parasympathetic system
- hormonal imbalance and stress

Question 13

Sperm

Answer 13

Built for speed
high concentration of mitochondria
Only a small amount of cytoplasm
- at body temperature only lasts one to three days

Question 15

Sertoli cells

Answer 15

Support cell which nourishes the sperm cell

Question 16

Acrosome

Answer 16

Filled with enzymes that dissolve the outer coating of the egg

Question 17

Epididymis

Answer 17

Locate along the posterior border of the testes
- where sperm matures and is stored
- develop flagella and begin swimming motions within four days
- immune system destroys deffective sperm

Question 18

Seminole fluid

Answer 18

Sperm or mixed with fluid along ducts deference

Question 19

What do the Seminole vesicles secrete?

Answer 19

Fructose and prostaglandins

Question 20

Fructose

Answer 20

Provide a source of energy

Question 21

Prostaglandins

Answer 21

Trigger rhythmic contraction of the smooth muscle in the uterus

Question 22

Prostate gland

Answer 22

Secretion that contains buffers that protect the sperm from acidic vagina

Question 23

Cowper’s gland

Answer 23

Secrete some mucus rich fluid prior to ejaculation
- fluids may protect the sperm from acids found in the urethra from urine

Question 24

Semen

Answer 24

Combination of semen and seminal fluids
- released through an ejaculation

Question 25

TDF

Answer 25

Testis determining factor - triggered the production of male sex hormones

Question 26

Ovary

Answer 26

Responsible for production of ovum and female sex hormones

Question 28

Fallopian tubes

Answer 28

Passageway through which an oval moves from the ovary to the uterus or womb

Question 29

How does an egg enter the fallopian tubes?

Answer 29

Egg enters through the ends called Fimbriae and moves through via Celia - fertilization occurs in the fallopian tubes

Question 30

Uterus

Answer 30

Female organ in which the fertilized oval normally becomes embedded and in which the embryo and foetus develop

Question 31

Myometrium

Answer 31

Muscular outer lining of the uterus provides support for the embryo and helps in uterine contractions

Question 32

Endometrium

Answer 32

Glandular inner lining that provides nourishment for the embryo - contains many blood vessels

Question 33

Cervix

Answer 33

Circular band of muscle that separates the vagina from the uterus - dilated during birth to allow the foetus to enter the birth canal

Question 34

Vagina

Answer 34

Connect the uterus with the outer environment - serves as the birth canal - Highly acidic

Question 35

Menstrual cycle

Answer 35

Approximately every 28 days from puberty until middle age - consists of the ovarian and uterine cycles

Question 36

Follicles

Answer 36

Structures in the ovary that contain the egg and secrete oestrogen - made of oocyte and granulosa cells

Question 37

Follicular stage

Answer 37

Development of the follicle leading to ovulation - begins with an increase in FSH - the maturing follicle releases oestrogen - estrogen acts on the anterior pituitary to inhibit the release of FSH but positively feedback in the hypothalamus triggering a sudden release of GNRH - GNRH stimulates production of LH, which increases triggering ovulation

Question 38

Luteal Stage

Answer 38

Development of the corpus luteum - after ovulation, LH caused the molecules to form the corpus luteum - As the corpus luteum degenerates, secretion of estrogen, and progesterone slows - FSH levels begin to rise in the cycle begins again

Question 39

hCG

Answer 39

Maintains high levels of oestrogen and progesterone - human chorionic gonadotropin