Quiz 1

Question 0

What is sociological imagination?

Answer 0

It helps us understand how seemingly personal trouble, such as suicide, are actually related to larger social forces. It is the ability to see the relationship between individual and larger society.

Question 1

What is sociology and how can it help us understand ourselves and others?

Answer 1

Sociology is a systematic study of human society and social interaction. We study it to help us understand how human behavior is shaped by group life and how group life affects us as individuals. In return we start to consider ,ore complex connections between our personal lives and the larger world.

Question 2

What is the major contributions of early sociologists such as Durkheim, Marx, and weber?

Answer 2

Durkheim: argued societies are built on social facts that rapid social change produces strains in society, and the loss of shared values with result in anomie.
Marx: within society there is a clash between the owners and the workers
Weber: sociology should be value free & people should become more aware of the role of bureaucracies play in daily life

Question 3

How did simmels perspective differ from that of other early sociologist?

Answer 3

Whereas other sociologist primarily focused on society as a whole, simmel explored small social groups and argued that society is best seen as a web of patterned interactions amount people.

Question 4

What are major contemporary sociological perspectives?

Answer 4

Functionalist: assume society is a stable, orderly system characterized by social consensus.
Conflict perspectives: society is a continuos power struggle among competing groups often based on class, race, ethnicity, or gender.
Symbolic interactionist- focus on how many people make sense of everyday interactions
Postmodern: new ways of examine social life are needed and that it is time to move beyond functionalist, conflict and symbolic approaches

Question 5

How does quantitative research differ from qualitative?

Answer 5

Quantitative: focuses on data that can be ,ensured numerically
Qualitative: focuses on interpretive description (words) rather than numbers to analyze underlying meaning and patterns of social relationship

Question 6

What are the key steps in the conventional research process?

Answer 6

• it’s based on deduction
  1) select and define research problem
  2) review previous research
  3) formulate hypothesis which include constructing variable
  4) develop research design
  5) collect and analyze data
  6) draw conclusion and report finding

Question 7

What steps are often taken by researchers using the qualitative approach?

Answer 7

1) formulate the problem to be studied instead of creating a hypothesis
2) collect and analyze the data
3) report results

Question 8

Major types of research methods?

Answer 8

Surveys: polls used to gather facts
Secondary analysis: analysis existing data
Field research: study social life in its natural setting through participant observation
Experiments : study the impact of certain variables on their subjects

Question 9

Content analysis

Answer 9

Systematic examination of cultural artifacts or various forms of communication to extract thematic data and draw conclusion about social life

Question 10

Ethnography

Answer 10

Detailed study of the life and activities of a group of people by researchers who may live with that group over period of years

Question 11

Experiment

Answer 11

Research method involving a carefully designed situation in which the researcher studies the impact of certain variables on subjects attitude or behavior

Question 12

Experimental group

Answer 12

Group that has subjects who are exposed to independent variable

Question 13

Correlation

Answer 13

Relationship that exists when two variables are associated more frequently then by chance

Question 14

Validity

Answer 14

The extent to which a study instrument accurately measures what it is to measure

Question 15

Reliability

Answer 15

Extent to which a study instrument yields consistent results when applied to different individuals at one time or to the same individuals over time

Question 16

Qualitative research

Answer 16

Words not numbers

Question 17

Quantitative

Answer 17

Numbers

Question 18

Postmodern perspectives

Answer 18

Attempts to explain social life in modern societies that are characterized by postindustrial consumerism and global communications

Question 19

Macrolevel

Answer 19

Examines whole societies , large scale structures

Question 20

Micro level

Answer 20

Focus on small groups rather than on large scale

Question 21

Symbolic interactionist

Answer 21

The sociological approach that views society as the sum of the interactions of individuals and groups

Question 22

Manifest functions

Answer 22

Are intended or overly recognized by the participants in a social unit

Question 23

Latent

Answer 23

Unintended functions That are hidden and remain un acknowledged by participants

Question 24

Conflict perspective

Answer 24

Sociological approach that views groups in society as engaged in a continuous power struggle for control of scarce resources

Question 25

Theory

Answer 25

Set of logically interrelated statements that attempts to describe explain and predict social event s

Question 26

Functionalist perspective

Answer 26

Approach the views society as stable and orderly system

Question 27

Social facts

Answer 27

Emilie durkheims designation term for patterned ways of acting thinking and feeling that exist outside any one individual but that exert social control over each person

Question 28

Anomie

Answer 28

Emilie durkheims designation for a condition in which social control becomes ineffective as a result of the loss of shared values and of a sense of purpose in society

Question 29

Positivism

Answer 29

Term describing Auguste cometes belief that the world can best be understood through scientific inquiry

Question 30

Industrialism

Answer 30

From dependence on agriculture and handmade products to an emphasis on manufacturing and related industries

Question 31

Urbanization

Answer 31

Process by which an increasing proportion of the population lives in cities rather than in rural areas

Question 32

Sociology

Answer 32

Systematic study of human society and social interaction

Question 33

Society

Answer 33

Large social grouping that share the same geographical territory and is subject to the same political authority and dominant curtail expectations

Question 34

Sociological imagination

Answer 34

The ability to see the relationship between individual experiences and the larger society

Question 35

Auguste Comte

Answer 35

Father of sociology

Question 36

Jane Adams

Answer 36

Undertook a path breaking study of immigrants in Chicago and won a prestigious award for his/her research

Question 37

Herbert spencer

Answer 37

Took an evolutionary perspective on social life

Question 38

Emilie durkheims

Answer 38

Believed rear human potential was not biologically based but rather depended on social environment

Question 39

Harriet martineua

Answer 39

Believed society would improve when people of all classes were treated equally

Question 40

Robert Merton

Answer 40

Proponent of a theory called functionalism

Question 41

Karl Marx

Answer 41

Viewed history as a clash between conflicting ideas and forces . a proponent of conflict theory

Question 42

Max weber

Answer 42

Believed that the understanding of social world required versteahen-empathic or interpretive- understanding

Question 43

Marianna weber

Answer 43

Used women as the starting point of her analysis

Question 44

George simmel

Answer 44

Analyzed how social interactions vary depending on group size

Question 45

Robert. E. Park

Answer 45

Studied the effects of urbanization on social life particularly crime and race relations

Question 46

w.e.b DuBois

Answer 46

Emphasized the internal conflict between de,I crash freedo, equality racism and discrimination

Question 47

Oliver Cromwell cox

Answer 47

Framed race relations in capitalism

Question 48

Power according to c.w mills

Answer 48

- believed the most important decisions in the United States are made largely behind the scenes by the power elite( a small clique composed of top corporate political and military officials).

Question 49

Global independence

Answer 49

Relationship in which the lives of all people are intertwined closely and anyone nations problems are apart of a larger global problem

Question 50

Who is the founder of symbolic interaction?

Answer 50

George Hebert and Herbert bloom