Quiz 1

Question 1

Licensed to practice law

Answer 1

Antoine Lavosier

Question 2

Wrote “essay on Phlogiston” with help from his wife

Answer 2

Lavosier

Question 3

Determined that Hydrogen is an element

Answer 3

Lavosier

Question 4

discovered combustion and later developed the idea of Oxidation

Answer 4

Lavosier

Question 5

Discovered The Law of Conservation of Mass, named after him for a while

Answer 5

Lavosier

Question 6

Law of Conservation of Mass

Answer 6

Matter can neither be created nor destroyed

Question 7

Beheaded for dealing with French Revolutionaries

Answer 7

Lavosier

Question 8

Discovered Law of Definite Proportions (named after him)

Answer 8

Prouf

Question 9

Law of Definite Proportions

Answer 9

a chemical compound always contains the same proportions of elements (excluding Carbon Monoxide and Dioxide)

Question 10

took air samples from the atmosphere by flying in a hot air balloon

Answer 10

Joseph Louis Gay-Lussack

Question 11

Published paper showing that a volume of oxygen gas is two times smaller than the volume of water vapor it creates (somehow water split in two pieces)

Answer 11

Gay-Lussack

Question 12

Wouldn’t accept the idea of water molecules splitting in two

Answer 12

Gay-Lussack

Question 13

Found out how to weigh atoms and molecules (gas) by putting them in containers and placing them on scales

Answer 13

Avagadro

Question 14

Active in the Italian anti-monarchy revolution.

(sponsored revolutionaries) and lost his chair at the University of Turin

Answer 14

Avagadro

Question 15

Said that putting ANY gas in a container of the same size/temperature/pressure, would have about the same number of molecules

Answer 15

Avagadro

Question 16

Proposed that there is a difference in mass in different kinds of molecules

Answer 16

Avagadro

Question 17

proposed that when oxygen helps form water, oxygen gas splits into two oxygen atoms

Answer 17

Avagadro

Question 18

Invented the term “Elementary Molecules”

Answer 18

Avagadro

Question 19

Elementary Molecules

Answer 19

Atoms that can no longer be broken down any further

Question 20

Had a Scientific Law and Number named after him

Answer 20

Avagadro

Question 21

Ancient Greek that developed the idea that everything is made up of invisible particles called “atoms” (not popular idea of the time)

Answer 21

Democritus

Question 22

Two Greeks that believed that matter is continuously and infinitely divisible. (prevailing argument of the time)

Answer 22

Plato and Aristotle

Question 23

Reintroduced Democritus’ atomic theory (1800s) to explain chemical reactions (named after him)

Answer 23

John Dalton

Dalton’s Atomic Theory

Question 24

First person to have real data supporting the “atom” idea through observing reactions between Oxygen and Nitrogen

Answer 24

Dalton

Question 25

Incorrectly thought that atoms and molecules were the same thing

Answer 25

Dalton

Question 26

5 Points of Dalton's Atomic Theory

Answer 26

1. All matter=indivisible atoms 2. An element is comprised of identical atoms 3. Different elements have atoms with different masses 4. Chemical compounds are made of atoms in specific integer reactions 5. Atoms are neither created nor destroyed in chemical reactions.

Question 27

Experimented with a Cathode Ray-discovered negatively charged particles (electrons)

Answer 27

J.J. Thompson

Question 28

Measured electrons' charge-to-mass-ratio and identified electrons as a fundamental particle of an atom

Answer 28

JJ Thompson

Question 29

Studied charged oil droplets in an electric field which, when paired with Thompson's discovery, gave electron's mass

Answer 29

Robert Milikan

Question 30

Believed that atoms are indivisible

Answer 30

Dalton

Question 31

What resulted from Thompson and Milikan's experiments

Answer 31

electrons have mass but it is so small that there is no measurable volume

Question 32

What is the nature of an atom's positive charge

Answer 32

the positive charge is in a small, massive nucleus

Question 33

What were the positive particles later named

Answer 33

protons

Question 34

Thompson's Plum Pudding model

Answer 34

thought that there were randomly placed particles that surrounded the atom

Question 35

Experimented by scattering alpha particles off of gold foil

Answer 35

Ernest Rutherford

Question 36

What happened with the gold foil experiment

Answer 36

most particles went through but some were deflected back but a few scattered at large angles

Question 37

Hypothesized that there are neutral particles in the nucleus (accounted for the difference in mass b/t elements of different atomic numbers)

Answer 37

James Chadwick

Question 38

What are the neutral particles in the nucleus called

Answer 38

Neutrons

Question 39

Atomic Number

Answer 39

the number of protons in the nucleus

Question 40

How are elements distinguished from each other

Answer 40

by their atomic number

Question 41

How many elements are currently identified on the periodic table

Answer 41

118

Question 42

Isotopes

Answer 42

when a certain element has a different number of particles than stated by their atomic number

Question 43

Mass Number (Atomic Weight)

Answer 43

the number of protons and neutrons

Question 44

Atomic Mass Units (u)

Answer 44

1/12 of Carbon (12 Isotope Mass)

Question 45

Predictions of Classical Theory (Classical Atoms) 5

Answer 45

1. Electrons orbit the nucleus 2. Curved path, change in direction=acceleration 3. Accelerated charges radiate light energy 4. Electrons lose energy and spiral into the nucleus 5. Atoms cannot exist (but they do)

Question 46

People who believed that light was a wave (3)

Answer 46

Huygens Young Maxwell

Question 47

People who believed that Light was made up of particles (2)

Answer 47

Newton | Einstein

Question 48

What is light

Answer 48

Light has both wave and particle nature

Question 49

Did the "Two-Slit experiment" (shined a light through a hole and then 2 holes and then more holes to see how light was broken up

Answer 49

Young

Question 50

Introduced quantized energy (discrete units called "quanta")

Answer 50

Max Planck

Question 51

A particle of light

Answer 51

Photon

Question 52

Hypothesized that light is made up of quantized photons and that higher frequency photons (UV)= more energetic photons

Answer 52

Einstein

Question 53

Blackbody Radiation (3)

Answer 53

1. Continuous Radiation distribution 2. Depends on temperature of radiating objects 3. Characteristic of solids, liquids, and dense gases

Question 54

Line Spectrum (3)

Answer 54

1. Emission at characteristic frequencies 2. Diffuse matter: incandescent gases 3. Illustration: Balmer series of hydrogen lines

Question 55

Used ROYGBIV (changing photons) to solve the Photoelectric Effect

Answer 55

Einstein