Quiz 1

Question 1

Philosophy

Answer 1

Love of wisdom

Question 2

What makes one wise?

Answer 2

Knowledge

Question 3

Epistemology

Answer 3

The study of Knowledge

Question 4

Metaphysics

Answer 4

The study of Reality

Question 5

Ethics

Answer 5

The study of Morality

Question 6

Political Philosophy

Answer 6

The study of the State

Question 7

Philosophy of Religion

Answer 7

The study of God’s existence

Question 8

Aesthetics

Answer 8

The study of Beauty

Question 9

Logic

Answer 9

The study of Thinking and Reason

Question 10

How do we get Knowledge?

Answer 10

Empiricism or Rationalism

Question 11

Empiricism

Answer 11

All knowledge comes from sense perception (Experience)

Question 12

Rationalism

Answer 12

All knowledge comes from REASON and DEDUCTION

Question 13

Examples of Empiricism

Answer 13

Senses: Hearing, Touch, Taste, Smell, Seeing, “Sixth sense”

Question 14

Rationalist argument?

Answer 14

a video camera “see’s” but has no knowledge.

Question 15

The Syllogism

Answer 15

An early form of Reasoning

Question 16

What is a Syllogism

Answer 16

Argument composed of two statements called PREMISES that hopefully lead to a true conclusion. (A=B, C=A, Therefore C=B)

Question 17

Critical Thinking

Answer 17

Cognitive skills and intellectual dispositions need to Identify, Analyze, and Evaluate arguments and truth claims.

Question 18

Critical Thinking involves

Answer 18

Identifying (who is on phone), Analyze ( difference between parents voice), Evaluate (Dad; Deep voice)

Question 19

Standards of Critical Thinking

Answer 19

Clarity, Precision, Accuracy, Relevance, Consistency, Logical correctness, Completeness, Fairness

Question 20

Clarity

Answer 20

Understanding clearly in language and thought

Question 21

Precision

Answer 21

Insisting on EXACT answers to EXACT questions.

Question 22

Accuracy

Answer 22

Decisions based on true and timely information

Question 23

Relevance

Answer 23

Recognizing issues are pertinent to topic

Question 24

Consistency

Answer 24

to be true, beliefs must be logically and practically consistent.

Question 25

Logical correctness

Answer 25

Draw well-founded conclusions from premises

Question 26

Completeness

Answer 26

deep and thorough thinking

Question 27

Fairness

Answer 27

Open-minded, impartial, and without bias and preconceptions

Question 28

Benefits of Critical Thinking in class

Answer 28

Understand material, evaluate what we learn, develop arguments on topics

Question 29

Benefits of Critical Thinking : Work

Answer 29

Think, Communicate, quick learner, creativity, gather and analyze, Draw the right conclusions

Question 30

Benefits of Critical Thinking in Life

Answer 30

Avoid foolish decisions ( purchases, relationships), knowledge of current events, Brings enrichment ( question things such as women are inferior to men, diseases are caused by demons.)

Question 31

Egocentrism

Answer 31

see the world and reality as centered around oneself (Trump)

Question 32

Egocentrics (Egoists)

Answer 32

self absorbed; view their ideas, and interests above others

Question 33

Self-interested thinking

Answer 33

Accept and defend beliefs that harmonize with one's self interest ( benefits me; its good)

Question 34

Superiority Bias

Answer 34

Tendency to overrate oneself

Question 35

Socio-centrism

Answer 35

Group-centered thinking; focuses exclusively on the group

Question 36

Group bias

Answer 36

see one's own group (nation, tribe) as being inherently better than others

Question 37

Conformism

Answer 37

follow the crowd ( to conform to authority or group standards of conduct and belief)

Question 38

Unwarranted Assumptions

Answer 38

Taking something for granted without good reason ( assuming someone is attracted to you because you like them.)

Question 39

Stereotypes

Answer 39

Assumptions made when making hasty generalizations

Question 40

Relativistic Thinking

Answer 40

Truth is a matter of opinion

Question 41

Subjectivism

Answer 41

Truth is a matter of individual opinion; absolute truth doesn't exist

Question 42

Cultural Relativism

Answer 42

Truth is a matter of social or cultural opinion; absolute truth doesn't exist.

Question 43

Wishful Thinking

Answer 43

Believing in something because you wish it to be true

Question 44

What is the most common form of relativism

Answer 44

Moral relativism

Question 45

Moral subjectivism

Answer 45

Whatever is right and good for one individual is what is right.

Question 46

Cultural moral relativism

Answer 46

Each society can hold a different view of morality and they can both be correct. ( when in Rome, do as the Romans do)

Question 47

What are problems with Cultural Moral Relativism?

Answer 47

- Impossible to criticize other cultures - Impossible to criticize own society - Rules out Moral progress - Leads to conflicting Moral duties