Quiz 1

Question 1

“ORGANIC”

Answer 1

• Any compound that contains C & H
• May contain other elements (F, O, N, Cl, Br, I, S, C, H, P)
• Structural diversity due to catenation of carbon (formation of large chains)
• Contains mostly non-polar covalent bonds
• Usually low melting/boiling pt., flammable, insoluble in water

Question 2

catenation of carbon

Answer 2

(formation of large chains)

Question 3

“BIOCHEM”

Answer 3

Compounds & reactions within living things

Question 4

Types of organic compounds:

Answer 4

o	carbohydrates
o	lipids
o	proteins
o	hormones
o	neurotransmitters
o	DNA

Question 5

Inorganic and/or organometallic

Answer 5

o Na+, K+, F-, Cl-
o Heme (contains Fe)
o Vitamin B12 (contains Co)

Question 6

chemical name

Answer 6

“common name”- historical basis

systematic IUPAC name- (describes chemical structure)

Question 7

simple molecular formula

Answer 7

C8H9NO2
• gives ID and number of atoms in a single molecules
• actual connection & arrangement of atoms is not given
-molecular weight

Question 8

full structural formula

Answer 8

• shows all bonds
• time consuming to draw
• note bond angles (~120 for everything)
• solid wedge: bond projects out of the board/paper
• dashed wedge: bond projects into the board/paper
-predict reaction

Question 9

condensed structural formula

Answer 9

• bonds to H not shown
• H just place around others to satisfy octet
• total number of bonds per atom
• slightly less time consuming to draw; but all atoms still shown
• 90˚ bond angles sometimes drawn (easier to draw but inaccurate!)

Question 10

line-angle structure

Answer 10

• fastest & most common way to draw structures
• H atoms on C not drawn
-C not written 
• end or point = C atom
• 1 line = covalent bond

Question 11

C

Answer 11

(4 bonds, 0 LP)
tetrahedral= 110 angle (4)
trigonal planar= 120 angle (3)
Linear= 180 angle (2)

Question 12

H

Answer 12

1 bond, 0 LP

Question 13

Halogens

Answer 13

F, Cl, Br, I ( 1 bond, 3 LPs)

Question 14

N

Answer 14

3 bonds, 1 LP

Question 15

O

Answer 15

2 bonds, 2 LP

Question 16

HYDROCARBONS-

saturated

Answer 16

• single bonds only

- “alkanes”

Question 17

HYDROCARBONS-unsaturated (2)

Answer 17

C = C 
“alkene”
ethylene	
C2H4	
H2C – CH2

Question 18

HYDROCARBONS-unsaturated (3)

Answer 18

C ≡ C 
“alkyne” 
acetylene
C2H2
CH ≡ CH

Question 19

HYDROCARBONS-unsaturated (ring)

Answer 19

closed ring
“cycloalkane/alkene
cyclohexane
C6H12

Question 20

“saturated” ≡

Answer 20

“saturated” ≡ “max. # of H per C atom” ≡ “single bonds only”

Question 21

n-ALKANES

Answer 21

• contain only C – C and C – H (single bonds)
• C atoms arranged in a straight chain
• general molecular formula: CnH2n+2
• names: [prefix]”ane”

Question 22

C1

Answer 22

methane
CH4
CH4

Question 23

C2

Answer 23

ethane
C2H6
CH3 – CH3

Question 24

C3

Answer 24

propane
C3H8
CH3 – CH2 – CH3

Question 25

C4

Answer 25

butane C4H10 CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3

Question 26

C5

Answer 26

pentane C5H12 CH3 – ( CH2 )3 – CH3

Question 27

C6

Answer 27

hexane C6H14 CH3 – ( CH2 )4 – CH3

Question 28

C7

Answer 28

heptane C7H16 CH3 – ( CH2 )5 – CH3

Question 29

C8

Answer 29

octane C8H18 C H3 – ( CH2 )6 – CH3

Question 30

C9

Answer 30

nonane C9H20 CH3 – ( CH2 )7 – CH3

Question 31

C10

Answer 31

decane C10H22 CH3 – ( CH2 )8 – CH3

Question 32

Isomers

Answer 32

Isomers: compounds with the same molecular formula but different connections of atoms

Question 33

methyl

Answer 33

CH3

Question 34

ethyl

Answer 34

CH2CH3

Question 35

propyl

Answer 35

CH2 – CH2–CH3

Question 36

isopropyl

Answer 36

CH3– CH–CH3 | -on middle

Question 37

butyl

Answer 37

CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3

Question 38

sec-butyl

Answer 38

CH3 – CH – CH2 – CH3 | -on second

Question 39

tert-butyl

Answer 39

CH3 I CH3 – C – CH3 I

Question 40

halide substituents

Answer 40

F fluoro Cl chloro Br bromo I iodo

Question 41

NAMING AN ALKANE WITH ONE SUBSTITUENT:

Answer 41

Step 1. Identify longest carbon chain: write the name of that chain as an n-alkane Step 2. Number each carbon starting from end closest to substituents Step 3. Put the name together in the following general format: [C number] – [substituent name][main alkane]

Question 42

NAMING ALKANES WITH TWO OR MORE DIFFERENT SUBSTITUENTS

Answer 42

Step 1. same as above Step 2. number closest to MOST number of subs **Step 3. substituent locations and names are listed in alphabetical order in the name (dashes between numbers and letters)

Question 43

ALKANES WITH A MULTIPLES OF A SUBSTITUENT:

Answer 43

ALKANES WITH A MULTIPLES OF A SUBSTITUENT: Step 1. same as above Step 2. number closest to MOST number of subs **Step 3. Write a carbon number for EACH substituent Put “di”, “tri”, “tetra”, or “penta” directly in front of substituent name (after the numbers)