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Foundations EXAM 1 > Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Maintenance of personal hygiene:

A
  1. promotes comfort
  2. improves self-image
  3. decreases infection & disease
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2
Q

Nursing role in nutrition is to: (4)

A
  1. assess self-care abilities
  2. assist with ADL’s
  3. Promote self-care in ADL’s
  4. Delegate appropriate parts of hygiene care to tech
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3
Q

Physical factors that influence someone’s ability to provide themselves with hygiene:

A
  1. pain
  2. limited mobility
  3. sensory deficits
  4. cogn. impairment
  5. emotional disturbances
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4
Q

types of scheduled hygiene care (4)

A
  1. Early morning- when wakeup
  2. A.M. care- after breakfast
  3. P.M. care- afternoon- toilet, handwashing, oral, for visitors
  4. H.S. care- prior to sleep- relaxation activities, ready env. to sleep in
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5
Q

Before delegating a pt’s hygiene care you need to tell the NAP:

A
  • the persons limitations
  • amt. of assistance devices
  • presence and care of tubes
  • observations to make during hygiene care
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6
Q

5 rights of delegation:

A
  1. right task
  2. right circumstance
  3. right person
  4. right direction/communication
  5. right supervision/ evaluation
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7
Q

3 common types of baths

A
  • assist
  • partial
  • bed
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8
Q

special needs patients for bathing:

A
  • dementia
  • critically ill
  • unconscious
  • morbidly obese
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9
Q

Oral care is important for patient’s because it does what: (4)

A
  1. remove food, particles, secretions
  2. improve appetite
  3. assess client’s oral status
  4. denture care
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10
Q

activities involved in personal grooming and cleanliness

A

hygiene

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11
Q

Developmental considerations for hygiene care:

  1. infants
  2. toddler
  3. adolescence
  4. older adults
A
  1. fragile, easily injured, immature skin (breaks easily)
  2. parents provide bathing and teaching
  3. sebaceous glands enlarge: secretions form. sweat glands mature
  4. skin more fragile, thinner, less elasticity, dec. vascularity
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12
Q

bathing of only those areas absolutely necessary, including perineum

A

partial bath

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13
Q

prepackaged baths are now recommended why?

A
  • assure consistency with bathing techniques
  • prevent inconsistent application of moisturizer
  • dec. skin damage
  • decrease skin bacteria growth
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14
Q

Prominent nursing theorist who defined health as a state of mind, the perception of the individual.

A

Jean Watson

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15
Q

A complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

A

World health organization definition of health

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16
Q

theorist that believed energy was on a continuum and that depending on what the person exhibited this could define their state of well-being.

A

Betty Neuman

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17
Q

believed that ppl have different levels of energy at different stages of their lives and when more energy is generated than expended, there was wellness and when more energy is expended than is generated, there is illness

A

Betty Neuman

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18
Q

Define health as lifestyle and habits as components of health permits people who have been diagnosed with disease to be considered healthy

A

Myers, Sweeney & Witmer

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19
Q

identifies 3 groups of variables that affects health promotion

A

Pender’s Health Promotion Wheel Model

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20
Q

Pender’s health promotion model (3) variables that affect health promotion

A
  1. individual characteristics and experiences
  2. behavior specific cognitions and affect
  3. behavioral outcome
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21
Q

the Pender’s health promotion model is based on:

A

7 assumptions that reflect both nursing and behavioral science perspectives

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22
Q

role modeling teaches by:

A

example.

demonstrating the behaviors and attitudes to be learned.

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23
Q

for the nurse, health promotion means:

A

finding ways to help yourself and individuals develop a state of physical, spiritual, and mental well-being

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24
Q

Health promotion is motivated by:

while health protection is motivated by:

A

the desire to increase well-being and health protection is motivated by a desire to avoid illness

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25
3 levels of prevention
Primary: designed to slow or prevent disease (exercise, wearing sunscreen) Secondary: detect illness in the early stage (breast self exam, diabetes screening) Tertiary: stopping the disease from progressing (rehab)
26
populations life expectancy
78.8 years
27
the gap between male and female narrowed from __ years to ___ years
7 years to 4.8 years (2013)
28
teen pregnancy rate for ages 15-19:
24.9%
29
3rd leading cause of death
excessive alcohol use
30
In 2011-2014 US obesity rate in children in teens is ___ and adults is ___
17% | 36.5%
31
a CBC measures what blood markers?
``` RBC's WBC's Hemoglobin Hematocrit (plasma) Platelets ```
32
CMP (chem 20)
useful in helping to diagnose certain conditions like diabetes, kidney disease, liver disease, and hypertension. Tells you how your kidneys and liver are functioning
33
measuring Albumin levels tells you what?
how well your liver is making the proteins that your body needs
34
ALT & AST
liver enzymes that are useful in helping ot diagnose liver diseases
35
damaged liver cells release what?
Alkaline phosphate (ALPH), ALT & AST
36
byproduct from the breakdown of food proteins
Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) | should be between 7-20
37
an electrolyte used to indicate kidney function
chloride
38
a waste product that comes from the normal wear and tear on muscles of the body
creatinine
39
occurs when the renal tubules fail to reabsorb all glucose at a level that is normal
renal glycosuria
40
high blood potassium can occur secondary to ___
kidney disease
41
A scale that measures a persons perception of the extent of control for each source
Locus of Control
42
adults age 20 and older should have a fasting lipid panel at least once every ___ years
5 years
43
Fecal occult blood tests should be done every ___ years, starting when you turn ___.
year starting at age 50
44
carbohydrate function
1. supply energy for muscles and organ function 2. spare protein 3. enhance insulin secretion, + satiety
45
we store glucose in liver and skeletal muscle tissue as
glycogen
46
Protein function
1. tissue building 2. nitrogen balance 3. amino acids
47
daily recommendation for protein
10-35%
48
what is the key component of phospholipids?
lipoproteins
49
Fat function
1. key component of lipoproteins 2. Back-up energy source 3. organ insulation/protection
50
regulate body function and are only needed in small amounts. (vitamins & minerals)
micronutrients
51
organic substances that are necessary for metabolism and are critical in building/maintaining body tissues, supporting our immune system, and ensuring healthy vision
vitamins
52
minerals that are needed in amounts of 100 mg/day
major minerals
53
most common mineral deficiency in the US
Calcium deficiency
54
water makes up __-___ of total body weight in men and __-___% of total body weight in women
55-65% | 50-55%
55
Functions of water:
- makes up large % of body weight - basic solvent for body chemical processes - transport - body structure and form - temperature
56
energy balance exists when:
energy in = energy out
57
Folic acid is critical for pregnant women to take in: | dosage: __-___
``` 1st trimester (13 weeks) 0.6-0.8mg ```
58
Ovo-lacto vegetarians | Lacto-vegetarians
eat eggs & dairy products but not fish | eat only dairy and plant-based food
59
type of nutritional screening that requires no equipment, and can be used as often as required.
24 hour recall
60
type of nutritional screening that provides a high level of cognitive and psychomotor functioning that not all clients have.
food record
61
the most accurate food diary
food record
62
indicates the amount of fuel available for cellular energy
blood glucose
63
too much glucose: | not enough glucose:
- insulin is released and glucose moves into cells and stored in liver & muscle - release glucagon- release glucose from storage
64
synthesized in liver and constitutes 60% of total body protein
albumin
65
Half-life of albumin
18-21 days
66
indications for enteral tube feedings: (6)
1. cancer 2. critical illness/trauma 3. neurological or muscular disorders 4. GI disorders 5. respiratory failure 6. inadequate oral intake
67
types of enteral formula feedings include: (4)
1. milk based, blenderized 2. protein glucose, polymers or lipids 3. predigested nutrients 4. specialty formulas
68
3 main concerns fo enteral feedings:
1. pulmonary aspiration 2. electrolyte imbalances 3. Fluid overload

Foundations EXAM 1 (9 decks)

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