QUIZ 1: INTRODUCTION TO NURSING SCIENCE AND INFORMATICS

Question 1

is a combination of the different established sciences which involve and affect the holistic care of the nurses towards the patient

Answer 1

Nursing Science

Question 2

was considered as the first nurse scientist because of her work in scientific inquiry on data. She proved that mortality of patients in the hospitals reduced when the environment of the patient was clean. Sanitation, clean air, and clean water reduced the infection and therefore less patients died.

Answer 2

Florence Nightingale

Question 3

the aim is to provide the best intervention or action that has been proven to be elective.

Answer 3

Evidence Based Practice

Question 4

knowledge

Answer 4

Information

Question 5

the study of computational systems for storing and retrieving information, especially scientific or technical information.

Answer 5

Information Science/ Informatics/ Computing

Question 6

is deemed one of the founders of informatics. He was a German computer scientist, cyberneticist, and electrical engineer. He was an early and influential researcher of German computer science, and was the developer of the Lernmatrix, an early implementation of artificial neural networks. Steinbuch also wrote about the societal implications of modern media.

Answer 6

Karl Steinburch

Question 7

a set of interrelated components that collect, manipulate, store data, distribute information to support decision making and provide a feedback mechanism to monitor performance.

Answer 7

Information System

Question 8

consists of input/output device, processor, operating system and media devices.

Answer 8

Hardware

Question 9

consists of various programs and procedures

Answer 9

Software

Question 10

consists of data organized in the required structure

Answer 10

Database

Question 11

consists of hubs, communication media and network devices

Answer 11

Network

Question 12

consist of device operators, network administrators and system specialists.

Answer 12

People

Question 13

year _ - First coined by Karl Steinbuch as “informatiks”

Answer 13

1957

Question 14

year_ - Phillipe Dreyfus used “informatique”

Answer 14

1962

Question 15

translated it into “informatics”

Answer 15

Water bauer

Question 16

___, the study of complex systems, information and computation using applied mathematics, electrical engineering and software engineering techniques.

Answer 16

Computer science

Question 17

___ is the study of the processing, management, and retrieval of information

Answer 17

Information science

Question 18

In early 1992, __recognized nursing informatics as a specialty in nursing with a distinct body of knowledge. Unique among the healthcare professions, this designation as a specialty provided official recognition that nursing informatics is indeed a part of nursing and that it has a distinct scope of practice.

Answer 18

ANA

Question 19

Computers are incredibly fast, accurate and stupid. Human beings are incredibly slow, inaccurate and brilliant. Together they are powerful beyond Imagination.”

Answer 19

Albert Einstein

Question 20

____ also facilitates the creative process in nurses, affording amazing vehicles for patient education, teaching and learning, and providing general health promotion and prevention information on a global scale.

Answer 20

Technology

Question 21

is a global advisor, thought leader and member-based society committed to reforming the global health ecosystem through the power of information and technology.

Answer 21

Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society

Question 22

____, and it was designed to address skills that all nurses will need in the 21st century. All nurses are going to have to be at least competent in informatics, from basic computer skills to advanced-level information technology and literacy expertise.

Answer 22

TIGER is the Technology Informatics Guiding Education Reform Initiative

Question 23

The nurse has a duty to maintain confidentiality of all patient information, both personal and clinical, in the work setting and off duty in all venues, including social media or any other means of communication

Answer 23

Privacy & Confidentiality

Question 24

refers to the individuals freedom from controlling interference by others and from personal limitations that prevent meaningful choices, such as adequate understanding. Two conditions are essential for autonomy: liberty, meaning the independence from controlling influences and the individual’s capacity for intentional action

Answer 24

Autonomy

Question 25

- a departure from the standard due of care toward others

Answer 25

Negligence

Question 26

- asserts an obligation not to inflict harm intentionally and forms the framework for the standard of due care to be met by any professional.

Answer 26

Non-Maleficence

Question 27

- refers to actions performed that contribute to the welfare of others.

Answer 27

Beneficence

Question 28

- refers to fair, equitable, and appropriate treatment in light of what is due or owed to a person.

Answer 28

Justice

Question 29

concerned with unpredictable courses of events. The irregular and unpredictable time evolution of many nonlinear and complex linear systems. Understanding that consideration of small changes at the starting point can lead to differences in outcomes-such as attention to how medications might be documented in the new Electronic Health Record (EHR).

Answer 29

Chaos Theory

Question 30

Understanding through assimilation of experiences improves memory and the ability to gain knowledge from and information system such as using a smart phone and computers; is part of social informatics and artificial intelligence.

Answer 30

Cognitive Science

Question 31

the informatics nurse would use technology and informatics to apply algorithms to analyze the steps in a problem, thus gaining knowledge, then build automation to solve problems. A computer is a tool of this science, not its focus.

Answer 31

Computer Science -

Question 32

the theory and development of computer systems able to perform tasks that normally require human intelligence, such as visual perception, speech recognition, decision-making, and translation between languages.

Answer 32

Artificial Intelligence

Question 33

When applied to a situation, improves chances of success with an EHR implementation or other projects when expectations are adapted and shared with all. For the informatics nurse as the change leader, it is important to understand there is initial resistance; review the three stages: unfreezing, moving, and refreezing.

Answer 33

Lewin's Change Management Theory/Lewin's force field analysis

Question 34

People go through stages when deciding to adopt an innovation such as an EHR or other changes; the people are innovators, early adopters, early majority, late majority and laggards. For the informatics nurse as the leader, this is important to understand as there is initial resistance and stages to adoption.

Answer 34

Rogers Change Theory: Diffusion of Innovation E.M. Rogers, 1962

Question 35

Provides insight into the complexity of an information system by breaking things down into smaller parts to better understand a process to see how one might affect the other. For N.I, documenting a patient care note requires understanding where the note goes so everyone can see it is important.

Answer 35

General Systems Theory Ludwig von Bertalanffy (1901- 1972)

Question 36

shows how modelling can be used to organize different concepts into a logical whole. The purpose of this model is to depict system components, influencing factors, and relationships that need to be considered when attempting to capture the complexities of professional nursing practice.

Answer 36

Clinical Information System Model

Question 37

In 2015, McGonigle and Mastrian expanded on the model as a framework for NI Practice. The three overarching standards of NI practice were incorporation of theories, concepts and principles from appropriate sciences into informatics practice; the integration of ergonomics and human computer interaction (HCI) into the informatics care plan; and the systematic determination of the social, legal, and ethical impact of an informatics solution within nursing and healthcare.

Answer 37

McGonigle and Mastrian Foundation of Knowledge Model 2012

Question 38

provides a framework where nurses use technology to guide chronic illness interventions through the integration of patient self-management and nursing informatics, focus on self-management research, and promote ethical technology use by practicing nurses.

Answer 38

The Empowerment Informatics Framework (EIF) mode

Question 39

that nursing informatics is the linear progression, from data into information and knowledge. Management processing is integrated within each element, depicting nursing informatics as the proper management of knowledge - from data as it is converted into information and knowledge.

Answer 39

GRAVES AND CORCORAN'S MODEL (1959)

Question 40

Nursing informatics is the intersection between the discipline specific science (nursing) and the area of informatics. And in this model, there are 3 core components of informatics, namely Cognitive science, Information science and Computer science

Answer 40

TURLEY'S MODEL (1996)

Question 41

Every nurse must be able to continuously exhibit the capability to acquire skills (in this case, computer literacy skills parallel with nursing knowledge), and then demonstrate specific skills beginning with the very first student experience

Answer 41

BENNER'S LEVEL OF EXPERTISE (1996)

Question 42

Every nurse must be able to continuously exhibit the capability to acquire skills (in this case, computer literacy skills parallel with nursing knowledge), and then demonstrate specific skills beginning with the very first student experience

Answer 42

BENNER'S LEVEL OF EXPERTISE (1996)

Question 43

Every nurse must be able to continuously exhibit the capability to acquire skills (in this case, computer literacy skills parallel with nursing knowledge), and then demonstrate specific skills beginning with the very first student experience

Answer 43

BENNER'S LEVEL OF EXPERTISE (1996)

Question 44

Every nurse must be able to continuously exhibit the capability to acquire skills (in this case, computer literacy skills parallel with nursing knowledge), and then demonstrate specific skills beginning with the very first student experience

Answer 44

BENNER'S LEVEL OF EXPERTISE (1996)

Question 45

- individuals with no experience of situations and related content in those situations where they are expected to perform tasks.

Answer 45

Novice

Question 46

- marginally demonstrates acceptable performance having built on lessons learned in their expanding experience base, needs supervision.

Answer 46

Advanced beginner

Question 47

- enhanced mastery and ability to cope with and manage contingencies.

Answer 47

Competent

Question 48

- evolution through continuous practice of skill, combined with experience and knowledge; individual who appreciates standards of practice as they apply in nursing informatics

Answer 48

Proficient

Question 49

- individuals with mastery of the concept and capacity to intuitively understand the situation and immediately target the problem with minimal effort or problem solving.

Answer 49

Experts

Question 50

- NI is a specialty that integrates nursing science, to manage and communicate data, information knowledge and wisdom into nursing practice (ANA). Nursing informatics is an evolving, dynamic process involving the conversation of data into information and subsequently knowledge. Important Note: Processing of information does not always result in the development of knowledge.

Answer 50

DATA INFORMATION KNOWLEDGE SYSTEM

Question 51

- Nursing Informatics is a huge network that encompasses all the sectors of the health care delivery system - government agencies, health care facilities, practitioners, insurance companies, pharmaceutical companies, academic institutions and suppliers. The government, different nursing associations and developmental agencies maintain and balance the network.

Answer 51

PHILIPPINE HEALTH CARE ECOSYSTEM

Question 52

- Patient Care shift/progresses from a high-quality delivery of life through technology with minimal health costs Inverse relationship between quality of life and cost of care/day.

Answer 52

INTEL'S SHIFT LEFT MODEL