Quiz

Question 1

What is Uzbekistan’s geopolitical position?

Answer 1

Located in Central Asia with strategic importance and the ancient Silk Road passing through its territory.

Uzbekistan has the potential to maintain balance of power in the region.

Question 2

What are the principles of Uzbekistan’s foreign policy?

Answer 2

Based on peace, stability, and cooperation, commitment to universal values, respect for sovereignty, non-interference in internal affairs, and peaceful settlement of disputes.

These principles guide Uzbekistan’s interactions on the international stage.

Question 3

When was the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) founded?

Answer 3

December 21, 1991.

It was founded in Almaty, and initially included 11 countries, including Uzbekistan.

Question 4

What is the supreme governing body of the CIS?

Answer 4

Council of Heads of States.

Decisions within the CIS are made on a consensus basis.

Question 5

What significant agreement was signed between Uzbekistan and Russia?

Answer 5

Strategic partnership agreement in 2004.

The legal framework includes over 370 documents.

Question 6

What was the trade turnover between Uzbekistan and Russia by 2023?

Answer 6

Exceeding $10 billion.

The investment portfolio from Russia to Uzbekistan is approximately $35 billion.

Question 7

What treaty was signed between Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan?

Answer 7

Friendship and Cooperation Treaty in 1992.

Kazakhstan is a key trading partner of Uzbekistan.

Question 8

What was the trade volume between Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan in 2023?

Answer 8

Reached $4 billion.

Since 1991, the presidents have exchanged 21 visits.

Question 9

What is the focus of Uzbekistan-Tajikistan relations?

Answer 9

Regional stability and security.

An intergovernmental commission was established for cooperation.

Question 10

What treaty was signed between Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan?

Answer 10

Friendship and cooperation treaty in 1991.

There have been 21 high-level visits between leaders since 1991.

Question 11

What was the trade increase between Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan from 2017 to 2023?

Answer 11

Increased five times, reaching $1.094 billion.

Cooperation includes the Turkmenistan-Uzbekistan-Kazakhstan-China gas pipeline.

Question 12

What agreement was signed between Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan?

Answer 12

Agreement signed in Tashkent on September 29, 1992.

An intergovernmental commission on trade and economic cooperation has been active since 1996.

Question 13

What was the trade volume between Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan in 2022?

Answer 13

Exceeded $1 billion.

This relationship is based on mutual understanding and respect.

Question 14

What is the legal basis of Uzbekistan-Ukraine relations?

Answer 14

Solid legal basis with 142 agreements.

An economic cooperation agreement was signed for 1999-2008.

Question 15

What was the bilateral trade turnover between Uzbekistan and Ukraine in 2023?

Answer 15

$220 million.

This reflects ongoing economic cooperation.

Question 16

What treaty was signed between Uzbekistan and Belarus?

Answer 16

Treaty signed on November 6, 1991.

Economic cooperation agreements have been established for different periods.

Question 17

What was the trade turnover between Uzbekistan and Belarus in 2023?

Answer 17

$620 million.

This represents growth in bilateral economic relations.

Question 18

What was the significance of the Law on Education (1992)?

Answer 18

First legal framework for education after independence.

Followed by 30+ Presidential Decrees and Cabinet decisions.

Question 19

What did the National Program for Training Personnel (1997) aim to create?

Answer 19

A continuous education system.

Implemented in three stages from 1997 onwards.

Question 20

What are the principles of State Education Policy?

Answer 20

• Humane and democratic education
• Continuity and consistency in education
• Compulsory general-secondary and vocational education
• Secular nature of education system

These principles guide the educational framework in Uzbekistan.

Question 21

What are the levels of the education system structure in Uzbekistan?

Answer 21

• Pre-school education
• General secondary education
• Secondary special and vocational education
• Higher education
• Post-graduate education
• Retraining of personnel
• Out-of-school education

This structure reflects the comprehensive approach to education.

Question 22

What reform was introduced in secondary vocational education?

Answer 22

Introduction of a 3-year secondary vocational education system.

Construction of 79 academic lyceums and 882 professional colleges occurred from 1998-2006.

Question 23

How was higher education developed in Uzbekistan?

Answer 23

Reorganized into two stages: Bachelor’s and Master’s degrees.

By 2023-2024, there are 209 institutions of higher education.

Question 24

What is the role of the State Testing Center?

Answer 24

Responsible for organizing testing for higher education admissions.

Established in May 1994, it created a standardized testing system.

Question 25

What international education partnerships have been established?

Answer 25

* Westminster International University in 2002 * Moscow State University branch in 2006 * Turin Polytechnic University in 2009 * Inha University in 2014 ## Footnote These partnerships enhance educational opportunities in Uzbekistan.

Question 26

What initiatives support talented youth in Uzbekistan?

Answer 26

* Establishment of foundations like 'Ulugbek', 'Umid', 'For Healthy Generation' * 785 students sent abroad to study with 'Umid' support (1997-2001) * Financial and spiritual incentives for talented youth ## Footnote These initiatives aim to nurture and develop young talent.

Question 27

What ministerial changes occurred in Uzbekistan in 2023?

Answer 27

Ministry of Higher Education, Science and Innovation established and Ministry of Preschool and School Education created. ## Footnote This reorganization was aimed at implementing administrative reforms.

Question 28

When was the Academy of Sciences established?

Answer 28

November 1943. ## Footnote It currently includes 32 institutions and maintains international cooperation.

Question 29

What significant events have contributed to the development of theater arts?

Answer 29

* 'Turkiston palace' opened in 1993 * Presidential Decree of October 1995 supported theaters * Korean Drama and Variety National Theater established in 1996 * National Academic Drama Theater of Uzbekistan status granted in 2001 ## Footnote These developments reflect the growth of the arts in Uzbekistan.

Question 30

What major music and dance arts initiatives were established?

Answer 30

* Uzbeknavo concert-association founded in 1996 * International Music Festival 'Sharq Taronalari' established in 1997 * Festival held every two years in Samarkand ## Footnote Artists from over 40 countries participated in the first festival.

Question 31

What anniversaries of great scholars were celebrated in Uzbekistan?

Answer 31

* 1991: 550th anniversary of Alisher Navoi * 1994: 600th anniversary of Mirzo Ulughbek * 1996: 660th anniversary of Amir Temur * 1998: 1200th anniversary of Ahmad al-Ferghani * 1999: 1000th anniversary of the epic 'Alpomish' ## Footnote These celebrations highlight the cultural heritage of Uzbekistan.

Question 32

What initiatives were taken for spiritual heritage restoration?

Answer 32

* Recovery of works by persecuted scholars * Publication of previously forbidden works * Restoration of historical monuments and madrasas * Research into authentic Uzbek history ## Footnote These efforts aim to preserve and promote Uzbekistan's cultural heritage.

Question 33

What memorial complexes have been established in Uzbekistan?

Answer 33

* 'Shahidlar xotirasi' (Memory of Martyrs) erected in 2000 * Memorial to victims of repression opened in 2002 * Memorial Square built in 1999 for World War II victims ## Footnote May 9th is celebrated as 'Day of Remembrance and Honor'.

Question 34

What national holidays have been revived in Uzbekistan?

Answer 34

* Navruz (March 21) declared as national holiday in 1990 * First day of Ramadan declared as religious holiday in 1992 * Kurban Hayit restored as religious celebration ## Footnote Traditional customs and celebrations have been revived as part of cultural heritage.

Question 35

What decree allowed Muslims to make Hajj pilgrimage?

Answer 35

Decree of June 2, 1990. ## Footnote This marked a significant step in restoring religious values and traditions.

Question 36

What initiatives document historical memory in Uzbekistan?

Answer 36

* Publication of 34-volume 'Memorization' book * Documentation of 400,000 people who died in World War II * Museum exhibits on political repression victims * Recognition of 60,000 exiled Uzbeks and 450,000 citizens with 'criminal cases' ## Footnote These initiatives emphasize the importance of historical memory.

Question 37

What cultural heritage initiatives has Uzbekistan undertaken with UNESCO?

Answer 37

* International celebration of scholar anniversaries * Publication of works in multiple languages * Ulughbek conference at UNESCO headquarters in Paris (1994) ## Footnote These efforts have led to international recognition of Uzbekistan's cultural contributions.

Question 38

What challenges did Uzbekistan face post-Soviet independence?

Answer 38

* Lack of foreign policy experience * Absence of diplomatic staff and foreign economic expertise * Need to establish direct contacts with the outside world * Development of independent foreign policy framework ## Footnote These challenges were critical in shaping Uzbekistan's early foreign relations.

Question 39

What legal framework governs Uzbekistan's foreign relations?

Answer 39

* Constitution Article 17 defining foreign policy principles * Law 'On basic principles of foreign policy' * Law 'On foreign investments and guarantees' * Law 'On foreign economic activity' ## Footnote This framework supports Uzbekistan's diplomatic engagements.

Question 40

What are the international security concerns for Uzbekistan?

Answer 40

* Terrorism * Separatism * Religious extremism * Regional conflicts * Border security issues * Proliferation of nuclear weapons * Drug trafficking and organized crime ## Footnote These concerns necessitate a robust security strategy.

Question 41

What geographical challenges does Uzbekistan face?

Answer 41

* Landlocked country * Incorrectly formed transport communications during Soviet era * Border with Afghanistan * Water resources depletion * Aral Sea tragedy ## Footnote These factors impact Uzbekistan's development and security.

Question 42

What cultural suppression occurred during the Soviet period?

Answer 42

* Degradation of national language and heritage * Destruction of mosques and madrasas * Persecution of clergy * Political repression of intellectuals ## Footnote This suppression had long-lasting effects on Uzbekistan's cultural identity.

Question 43

What economic advantages does Uzbekistan possess?

Answer 43

* Self-sufficient in oil and gas * Rich mineral resources * Cultivable lands for food production * Strong labor force * Scientific-technical capacity ## Footnote These advantages support Uzbekistan's economic growth.

Question 44

What initiatives have been taken for regional integration?

Answer 44

* Establishment of intergovernmental commissions * Focus on economic cooperation * Development of transport corridors * Energy cooperation through joint projects ## Footnote These initiatives aim to enhance regional stability and economic growth.

Question 45

What was established post-independence for foreign relations?

Answer 45

* Ministry of Foreign Affairs * Ministry of Foreign Economic Relations * National Bank for Foreign Economic Activity * University of World Economy and Diplomacy ## Footnote These institutions were crucial for developing Uzbekistan's foreign policy.

Question 46

What cultural and humanitarian cooperation initiatives has Uzbekistan participated in?

Answer 46

* Regular participation in festivals and exhibitions * Exchange of cultural representatives * Joint cultural initiatives with neighboring states ## Footnote These efforts promote Uzbek cultural heritage internationally.

Question 47

What efforts are being made for historical identity restoration?

Answer 47

* Study of history on an objective-scientific basis * Center of Newest History of Uzbekistan established in 1996 * Research into ancient Uzbek statehood ## Footnote These efforts aim to recognize and celebrate Uzbekistan's historical figures.